HomeMy WebLinkAbout2004 Ordinance No. 042•
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ORD INANCE NO .
SER IES OF 2004
LI, BY AU THORITY
CONTRACT NO,
bS---.J..ooy-
COUNC IL BILL NO. 42
INTRODUCED BY COUNC IL
MEMBER BRADS l·IA W
AN ORDINA NCE APPROV ING AN INTE RGOVERNMENTAL AGREEMENT BETWEEN
COLO RADO STATE UN IVERS ITY (CSU) AND LITTLETON /ENGLE WOOD
WASTEWATER TREATMENT PL AN T FOR TM E COOPERA TI VE RESEARC H PRO JECT
ON LA ND APPLICATION OF SEWAGE BIOSOLIDS ON DR YLAN D WHEA T.
WHERE AS, si nce 1982 th e Littl eto n/E nglewood Wastewater Treatment Pinnt (LIE WWTP)
and Co lorado State Un iversity (CSU), Department of Soil and Cro p Science s, have successfu ll y
conduc ted a continuous researc h program to observe the long•tcnn effects of th e ap pli cat ion of
biosolids for dryl and whea t fanning; and
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WHEREAS , th e re search has pro vide d long-tern, re searc h data and a so und basis of
know ledge of th e bi oso lid s prod uced by th e L/EWWTP and the environmental impacts of the
prod uct; and
WHEREAS, the L/EWWT P-CSU resea rch project has bee n in strumental in establishing the
bas is for bi oso lid s benefici al use for the growth of dryland wheat crops in th e arid western states
and in Austra li a; and
WHEREAS, th e long -tcnn re sea rch demonstrates th at the beneficial use of wastewa ter
bio solids is an environmenta ll y sa fe , economicall y bene fici al and agric ulturall y sou nd practice for
recycl ing and conserv in g a valu ab le re so urc e; and
WHEREAS, th e resea rch has benefited not onl y fanning comm uniti es of wes tern stat es but
also bi oso lid s re searc hers, regulators , ge nera tor~ ond oth er environme nt al profe ss ionals; and
WH EREAS, in 1999 th e UE WWTP and CS ! re cei ved the U.S. EPA awa rd for Ou tstandin g
Research Co ntributing to Ben eficia l Use of\Vastewater Solids -Fi rst Pl ace Na tional ; and
WHEREAS, CSU has submitted th eir proposa l fo r th e cooperat ive research project on land
app li cat ion of sewag e bioso lid s on dry land whea t; and
WHERE AS, the 2005 study include s study sites at th e Benn ett site , the Kiowa site and the
Bye rs si te.
NOW, TH EREFORE , BE IT OR DAINED BY THE CITY COUNC IL OF TH E CIT Y OF
ENG LEWOOD, COLORADO , AS FO LLOWS :
Sec tion I. The Colorado Sta te University Bi oso lid s Re sea rch Proposa l bL:twec n th e olorado
State Un ive rsity and the Littleton/Englewood Wn.stcwatc r Treat ment Plant is hereby accepted and
approved by the City Cou nci l of th e Cit y of Englewood.
Section 2 The Director of the Littl eton/E nglewood Wastewater Treatme nt Plant is au th ori ;,cJ
to execute th e Co lorado State University Bi oso lid s Research Pro posa l for and on beha lfofthc
Littleton/Engl ewoo d Was tewa ter Treatment Plan t.
10 b vii
Sec tion 3. The Direc tor of th e Litt leton/Englewo od Wn s1ew~1t cr Trea tm en t Pl an ! is hereby
au thorized to funh cr ex tend the In1 crgovc mm entn l Agre ement betwe en Lit tlc1on/ Englewood
Was tewater Trea tm ent Plant and Co lorad o State Uni versi ty, Oi osolids Re sea rch Pro posa l, for the
coo pera ti ve research project on land app li cat ion of sewage bio so lids on dry land whea l for fi ve
addit iona l one yea r periods ,
Introduce d, read in full , and passed on fi rs1 ren din g on the I 9lh day of July , 2004 .
Published ,,, a Bi ll for an OrdiP ance on th e 23rd duy of J1 y 2004 .
Read by tit le and passed on r,•, ,I re din g on the 2nd day of Au gust, 2004.
Pu bli she d by ti tle as Ordinance No.~ 5en ,•s-i 2004, f Au gust, 2004.
I, Loue rishia A. Ell is, City Clerk of the C ity of Englewood, Colorado , hereby certify that the
above ~nd for cgoi9g).i:. a u:uc copy of the Ordinance pas sed on fin a re nding and publi shed by title
ns Ordin ance No . j'~~cn "S of 2004.
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LAND APPLICATION OF
SEW AGE BIOSOLIDS
PROPOSAL FOR COOPERATIVE
RESEARCH PROJECT BETWEEN
• COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
AND
LITTLETON/E1VGLEWOOD JOINT
COUN CIL
2005
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I. Land Ap pli catio n of Sewagt Bi oso lid s
IT . Per so nnel
Project Leade rs : K.A . Barb arick. Pr0 "esso r
J.A. Ip po lito , Sp ec 1.t! Assistant Profes sor
III. Introd uctio n
We have srudied the beneficial use of Litt leton/Englewood (LIE) biosolids since 1982 at
West Bennett, sinc e 1988 ,; l:iowa, sinc e 1993 at No rth Bennett, and since 19 99 at Byers. We
lo st one of the West Br;•!tt ,ites to deve lopme m J1 .J ,esearch at the Kiowa loca tion is less
critica l no w th at the joint c;-.f council, have purr ' •.;e d the Byers property. We wi ll present the
proposed research and associ aced bud ge t separately fo r all four locatio ns and the n present the
tota l budget for o ur proposed research.
IV. 1, ·11aett Study Site ,
A . West Bennett
We es tab li shed sites A and B at Wes t Bennett in 1982 and in 1983, res pect ive ly. Our
cooperating farme r, Jim Ha;:-lett has so ld site B fo r homesite development. \I.le will co nt inu e
using West .-'. since it rep re sen ts the last of ou r orig inal , long -term site s. Since we fo ll ow a
fa ll ow sys tem fo r our dry land wheat srud y, we woul d •tse this site every othe r yea r. We will
establ ish this site again in summer of2004 and will hru ,est the wheat in sum •.ner 1005 . This site
will remain in fallow from Ju ly 2003 until late July or early .-'.ugust 2004 when we will agai n
apply LIE biosolids.
B. North Bennett
We initiated the North Bennett experimental locatio n co replace the Eas t Bennet1 plots
tha t we los t in 1993. Our fo rmer coope rat ing farmer at Eas t Bennett. Ke vin Helzer decided to
grow irrigated cro ps on our study sites in 1993. We also ch anged the exp erimental approach at
No rth Be nnett 10 focus on determining the:-./ equiva lency of L'E bioso lids associa ted wit h
repeated lpp lications in a dryland wh eat summer-fallow agroecosysre m. We wi ll co mpl et e
harvest soil. grai n. and maw ,arnp ling and analyses as we have in the past.
\Ve will add .-'.g . Ba . and :V in to our pla nt :md soil analyses since CSEP.-'. has added them
as potential Jollutants co the CFR50: re~ulatio ns. To cov er :he extra cost s. we will onlv cake
on~ annual ,"athe, fou r quartecly ~rou nd ,:,a tcr-well ,amples at the Kiowa research ;ite . ·
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C. Objecti ves fo r the Bennett srudy sites (Wes t and North Bennett)
The objectives of the Bennett srud y are :
I. To detennine the continuin g effects. at West Bennett site A, of various
sewage-biosol ids rates on dry land wheat including grai n yield, protein
co nt ent, potential income and the N, P, K conce ntratio ns after one
ap plicatio n of liquid biosol ids (1982) plus 11 additio ns of dried bioso li ds
(198-1 , 1986, 198 8, 1990 , 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998 , "000, 200", 2004) wi th
the next sc hed uled biosolids applicatio n is in 20 04.
2. To quantify the N equival ency of repeated biosolids appl ication under
field conditio ns co mpared with commercial N fertilizer at our No rth
Bennett plots .
3. To srudy the long-tenn effects of UE biosolids on soil acc umul ati on and
whe~t uptai-.e of Ag, Ba, Cd. Cr, Cu. Mn, Ni, Pb , Mo, and Zn.
4. To srudy the long-term effects of UE biosolids on As, Hg, and Se levels in
soil and grain in the 0 . 2, and 5 dry tons/acre plots for the North Bennett
site and on the 0 , 3, and 6 dry tons/acre plots for West Bennett site A.
Samples will consist of a co mposite of all replications for each rate for
gmi n analyses . Thi s gives three grain sam ples each for both No rth and
West Benne tt . We also wi ll composite separatel y the 0-20 and 20-60-cm
soil samples fro m the same pl ots as the grain samples. T:u . wi ll provide
us a tota l o f six soil samp le s to anal yze fo r eac h site .
5. To detennine the accumulated NO;-N levels to a dep th of 180 cm (6 feet)
associated wi th re peated applicati on of various N fertilize r or sewage
1,,,,so li cis ot our West Bennett site A and No rth Bennett plo ts.
Bennett study sites budget (See Table I on the n,xr page).
Table I.
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Proposed budg et s fo r the West and :--l orth Bennett sewage bios olids stud ies.
Budget Item 200 4 Propose d Pro pos ed
(cum : !.,udg ct ) 20U6 ---------
Ro utine-Plant,.Soil;
_afosoli <is a~~-'0t!ier ·
¥y~es-
Soil and Grain Analys es
for As , Hg , and Se
1fo.~ry°iabo / :. -: .
-. • •• ,J •• ~: • •
Trave l
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609
150 8
-~~f P1orSet:u2 :~.-.~-: _ .,: .. ··-:..:-~ 6.70 _.. ___ --~· ____ ....... ,_,. -·-· -
Special Ass istant Profe sso r= I 6440
:Friii;;:B~~fit!/fci~--:~.-.. \':_ ''..-:; -.. '288
:}~.Pft iti:A,s~~t P_:_o fe :.5~~,-
Overhead1 5755
L740
864
600
19 1 I
.•. [740
19010
38 21 •
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7151
. ±ota1 '·'· --. : $29244 .',o.. $36337
ll89
432
600
150 8
670
20151
05 0
7007
·$35 607 ·
Assumes 50% of the stude nt hourl y" s effo rt on the Bennett and 50% effort o n the Bye rs
si te .
Assumes 6 months on the Benne!! stud y and 6 months on the Byers stud y. We also
assumed a 6% salary incre:is e fo r 20 05 and 2006, We ass umed that all othe r costs fo r
'.!005 and 2006 will re main the same as either 20 03 or 2004 (beca use of fallow
co ndi tio ns, we would harvest the West Benne!! si te in 2005 and no t in :006).
Fri nge benetit rates fo r the Sp ecia l .-\s sis ta nt Profe sso r were :0.0 % fo r :00 4 1nd
es tima te d to be 20 .1 % fo r 2005 and :006.
The current off-camp us overh ead charge is 24 ,;%.
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Y. Kiowa S tu dy Site
.-\. In tr oduc ti on
We will co nt inue to tak e wate r sampl es fTo m the fo ur well s on an ann ual bas is (in Jul y).
We will d is conti nue the quarte rly samp ling a.·d .1nal yses and use the savi ngs t() co mplete Ag, Ba,
an d Mn an alyses on plan t and soi l sampl es tak en fr om the Bennen and Byers ~tud y sit es .
Anal yses will co nsist of total N, NOi -N, NH.-N, P, K, Ag, Al, As . Ba, Cd , Cu. Fe. Pb, Hg, :Vfn ,
Mo. Ni, Se. and Zn. We also will anal yze the ahn ual samples fo r endri n, lin dane , met hoxychlo r,
tox aphene . 1,-!-D, and 2 . .l .5-T . Th e objective u.' this stud y is co nt inued monito ring of
ground water in fo ur wel ls fo r rota! N, NOi-N, l-'H.-N, P, K, Ag , .-\I. As. Ba. Cd , Cu, Fe. Pb, Hg,
Mn . Mo. '-I i. Se. Zn . endrir.. li nda ne, meth oxy .hlor, !ox aphe ne, 1.-1 -0 , am! 2,-U-T fo ll owing the
discont inu ation o f biosolid s app licat ion (las t appl icati on wa s in August 1998 ).
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Table 2.
Kiowa study site budgets (See Ta ble 2 be low)
Pro posed bud ge ts fo r th e Kio wa se wa ge biosolid s study .
Budge t Item 2004 Propos ed Prop os ed
(curre nt bud ge t) 20 05 200 6
iw~.;Aiiaty.se~;~';;:/";:•; ;_:: .. -.. -~~, .. }~~.::'::"'.:_;, <:£<:·21.5s-;;=~,~'!f:7so-: r>• i 1s o .
Spec ial . .\.s sistant Profes sor'
:iiJii~ ii ~_ii~·ro ~_s;~ciar ~~isranre;~·iessol
Travel
•Q~~rh;~t· ., ,
1-!9S
299
-!0 0
12 n
100
46[·
100
461.
Torn.I S6 l 62 S23-.1
One -h alf mo nth of salar:: was :overed in 200-!. We also as sume d a 6% sa larv inc:ease
fo r 2005 and 2006. We ass ume t! that :ill othe , -:osts fo r :005 and 2006 will remai n the
sam e as 2004.
F:i ng e be ~erir cares fo r :he Spe cial .-\ss isrant Profe sso r were 20 .0% fo r :004 and
est imated to be 20.1 % :o r 200 5 and 10 06
Th e curre nt orf-..:~pus vver head ch ar ge is 2.l .5% .
IV. Byers Study Site
A. Introduct ion
With ,he de vel opment of the LIE Byers bi os olid s-application site , we are de vel opin g
some practical , ne ver-done-befo re research . No-till and minimum tillage management is
inc reasing in popularity in eastern Colorado because it improves water conserva ti on and allows
more intensive cropp in g. Bi osolids appl ic ation could enhance the benefits of no -till or minimum
tillage by improving soil cove r an d so il physic,! ct~racteristics when su rface applied. Bioso lids
could work in concert with crop residues to ,llow farmers to me et the Natural Resource
Conservatio n Servi ce 30% so il coverage requi red to comp ly with co nservatio n programs.
Biosolids application cou ld init ially supply soil co ver until adequate cro p resid ue c,n
accumulate . Co nt inued additi ons may even provide production and eco nomic advan ta ges.
formers may eventua ll y use biosolids as an integra l part of a co nserva tion program . To date , we
have app li ed biosolids fo r the fourth-year rota tion to pl ots growin g wheJ t, co m , and sunflowers.
B. Objectives
Our objectives at the Byers sit e are :
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3.
To determine if increasi ng biosolids ap plicJti on from once every two
ye,rs to two out of three years or fo ur out o f five ye ars is a feasib le
manageme nt alt ernative.
To determine if bioso lids behave like crop resid ues 'n terms of mo ist ure
stora ge and crop prod uc tio n. Availab le -water sto rage and crop yiel r'• ,re
the properties of greates t interest.
To determine the effects of biosol ids app licat ion at the agronomi ~ cate
compared with commercia l :,./ fertilize r in three cropping systems on so il
and grain accumulation ot'plant nutrients and trJce elements limited by the
Co lorado Departme nt o t' Public Hea lt h and En vironment bio so lids-
app li cation regulati ons.
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C. Procedures
Treatm ents:
I. Three crop rotations:
a. Wheat-fallow (typic al rotation)
b. Wheat-com-fallow
c. Wheat-wheat-com-sunflowers-fallow (based on managing
Farmer's interest)
2. Bi os olids/fertilizer tre atments :
a. Bio so lid s applicat ion to supply N recommended fo r the
measured so il NO;-N (e.g., the agronomic rate ).
b. Commercial N fertilizer at the agronomic rat e.
D. Experime ntal design
We will use two blocks (replicatio ns) of each treatment arranged in a split-plot design.
The main plots will consist of the cropping rotations. Each main plot will be split to
accommodate biosolids application on half the plot and commercial fertilizer addition on the
other half.
. .\ll phases of each rotation will be present each vear to allow ass ess ment of all ;011 and
crop responses each year . This requires a total of:!O main plots and ~O split plots (:! rep licatio ns ,
IO cropp ing rotations , biosolids/fertilizer treatment spli ts).
Each main plot wi ll be 0.8 km (0.5 mil es) lo ng by 30 m (100 feet ) wid e. Each
biosolids/fe rtilizer split would, therefore. be 15 m (50 feet) wide .
E. Meas ureme nts
We will co mplete the following me as urements or anal yses.
Annual grain and biom?~s yields.
Complete records on fa ,er in put s.
Planc-availab ie co nce~trarions uf NO,-N. P, K. Fe. \,In . Cu , Zn.
Na. Cd . Cr. Pb . \,lo. :--ii . Ba. ;\,I n. and . .\g in ;oil before ea c~ crop
planting /determined in 0-5 . 5-10. 10-2 0. and :o.;o cm samp les
fr om each re;,licated plotl .
4. We will composite 0-5-cm soil samples fo r As, Hg, and Se
analyses for each replication before eac h cro p planting. This will
give us 14 soil samples to analyze for As, Hg, and Se each year.
5. Deep soil sampling before each cro p planting by hydraulic probe
for NOi-N (detennined 0-30, 30-60, 60-90, 90-120, 120-1 50, 150-
180 cm samples, if possible, from each replicated plot).
6. Concentrations of P, K, Fe, Mn, Cu , Zn. Na, Cd, Cr, Pb , Mo, Ni,
Ba, Mn, and Ag in grain sampled from each replicated plot.
7. For annual As, Hg , and Se grain anal ys es , we will composite grain
samples for each bioso lids or N fertilizer replic:uion for each type
of crop . This sche me wi ll provide us wit h eight wheat, four com ,
and two sunflower san ·les for As, Hg , and Se analyses each year.
F. Byen study site budgets (See Table 3 on th ,, 1cxt page.)
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Table 3. Proposed bud gets fo r the Byers sewage bi osolids study.
2004 Proposed Propos ed
Budget Item
(c urrent bud get ) 2005 2006
~}an:c-Soil!!3_ios?·lid1 AnalY.se~ ·2000 -2"6 3T. 2~37 ---.. --
Hourly Labor ' 600 600 600
SiiJ~Jai A1;~-tJk~f;ss;/·~:::;;I~·:;5'?°" <. c;~ ··:. -~-' ~"j;7?1 _.;:·•, ' ':' ~9010 :;-:: ·. 20 ~5 ~ •
Fringe Benefits for Special Ass istant Profe ss or1 3587 3821 4050
Jtiiri~J3A:~s.s'~~;-,: : .. ?"~ .1':t--:_-'-:" -.. _ ·.·: :-\9of . !-_: 190§ -. ~900 ~
Weather Station Maintenance
J.:.• ·-'C..---: ·-·.. .·. ~ .
,Tl"l!v~f-.~J'ii .-• .. · · _ ··. · · _.;
400 400
. _ .· .• 3.?_2Q ~ _"3-~oo ~
400
·3900
Overhead1 7429 7906 814 l
1.Totar \ ··••~~"f:• :· ·:_;:· · .. , ... :-'...,~-·:-_'·\:' ·._. '. .. ,,_,_ ~-":'$3'7750 : '-$'4Qr.7¢.'/;"$4"1880 '
• . Assum es 50% of effort on the Bennett and 50% effort on the Byers site .
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Six months of salary covered in 2004 , 2005 , and 2006 . We also assumed a 6% sal ary
incr~e for 2005 and 2006 . We assumed that 111 other costs fo r 2005 and '.!006 wi ll
remain the same as 2004 .
Fri nge benefit rates fo r the Special . .\ssistant Professo r were W .0% for 2004 and
est imated to be 20.1 % for 2005 and 2006.
The current off•t::lm pus overhead char ge is 24.5 % .
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VII. Total Budgets
We have tabulated the total budge ts by location (Tab le .J) and by budget category (T able
5) fo r 2004 thr ough 2006 .
Table 4. Total budge ts by locati on for 2004-2006 .
Location 2004 ( current) Proposed 2005
·-~~;~~~~-; ~:~ ~·
Kiowa
'a;;;?/. 40L7,4t
Total $731 55 $788:il
Table 5. Total budgets by budget categories for 2004-2006 .
Bud get Item
Perso nnel
-· ......
Spe ci al Ass istant Professo r
Fringe benefi ts
Ho url y student
~~pl~t_serup,,~eatlier station ':'ai ntenance
Travel
2004
(curre nt
buJ get )
35869
7 174
1200
~:_297.(
58 08
Proposed 2006
'35607
2341
41880
$79828
Proposed
200 5
Propo sed
·7021
33020
i642
1:00
354 0
5911
2006
:,.!i038 ..
40302
8101
1200
29:;r o ...
5508
1439f:''" 15517 15 709.'
Total S731 :5 5788: I $798:8
The cu rre nt 0ff-camp us o,•erhead ch arge is :+.5",.
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Date
lu lv 19, 200.J
INITI ATED BY
COUNCIL COMMUN ICATION
Agenda Item
I Q '1 V
STAFF SOURCE
Subject
Co lo rado Stal e Unive rsi ty
Bioso lids Resea rch Agr ee ment
lillleton/Eng lewoocl WWTP Su perv isory
Co mmitt ee
Stewa rt H. Fon da , Utili l ies Director
COUNCIL GOAL AND PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION
This agreeme nt has been in effect since 198 ~. Ci ty Co un ci l has approved participation in thi s ongoi ng
prog ram on an annu al basis.
RECOMMENDED ACTION
We recommend Coun cil approve by Ordinance of an Interg overnm ental Agreement w ith Co lorado Stal e
Unive rsity fo r th e coop erati ve research pro jects on land applicatio n of sewage bios oli ds o n dryla nd w hea l
in th e amou nt o f $78,85 1.
BACKGROUND, ANA LYSIS, AN D ALTERNATIVES IDENTIFIED
Sin ce 1982, th e Lillleto n/Englewood Wastewater Tr eat ment Plant (L/E WWTP), in cooperati o n ··•ith
Colorad o Sta l e Unive rsity (CSU) Departm ent of Soil and Crop Scie nces, has succe ss full y co ndu cl · .J a
con tinu ous re sea rch program to observe th e long-lerm effects of th e ap plicati on of bi osolids for dry land
w heal farming . The res ea rch has provi ded long-te rm resea rch data ,m d a so und ba sis of knowledge of th e
bi oso lids produce d by th e L/E WWTP and th e environm enta l impac ts of th e product. Th e in forma ti on has
bee n used ex tensive ly as a public relations tool, as well .
A ddit ionall y, th L/E WWTP/CSU resea rch projec t has bee n in strum en tal in establishin g th e bas is for
bi osoli ds b eneficia l use ior th e growth o f dry land w hea l cro ps in th e ar id weste rn stal es and in Australia.
Th e long-term resea rch demonstrat es th at th e beneficia l use of was tewalt•r bi oso llcl s is an env ironm ent all y
sa fe, economica ll y be nefi cial , and aG ri cullurally so und pra cti ce for recycling and co nserv in g a va lu ab le
reso urce . The resea rch ha s res ult ed in th irt ee n refe rence journa l art icl es :.md boo k chap ters, twen ty-thre e
tech nical papers, nu mero us bu ll etins and repo,t s, one do ctoral th es i'i (a noth er in prog ress) and tw o
mast ers' th ese s. Th e resea rch has benefi ted not onl y wes tern states fa rmin g co mmuniti es , but als o
bi oso li ds n~searchers, reg ulat ors, gene rator s, app li ers and oth er envi ro nm ent al pr ofessi onal s in th e
ioll owin g ways:
Th e bioso li ds pr og ram rece ive d th e :!003 Rock y t'v \ount ain Water En vir onm ent Associat ion Bi oso lid s
M anage men t M erit Award . In 1999 the L/E WWTP and CSU rece ive d th e U.S. EP,\ O utsta ndin g Rese arch
Cun tribut,n g 10 Be nefi cial Use o f Was tewa ter So lids -Firs t Place Na ti onal ( 1999).
Colorado St.:1h~ Uni ver sity ha s )Ubrnitt ed the ir proposa l fo r th e coo pe rative resea rch proj ec t on l(rnd
app lic at1 0 11 of sewag e biosoli ds on dr vland whea t. The 2005 stu dies incl ude stud v !:it es at th e Benn ett sit e,
th e Kiowa sue, .ind th e Bv ers :;ite, whi ch is on lh e new tarrn . The cos t fo r each stud v sit e is as fo ll ows:
Be nn ell S36,33i
~,ow,1 S "•3.J 1
Bvers S-10 1--1
TOT,\L 5711,8.i~
Th e propo sed 01dinance allo ws fi ve additi onal one yea r renewa l periods.
FINANCI AL IMPACT
Th e cost of th e project is s plit 50/50 w ith th e Ci ty o f Little to n as a caµi tal ex pens e.
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Pro r osed Bill fo r an Ordinance
CSU Biosolid s Res earc h Project Proposal
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