HomeMy WebLinkAbout1996-06-17 EC CORRESPONDENCE [1]•
City of Englewood
June 17 , 1996
Sandra Ostema
2843 South Grant St reet
Englewood , CO 80 11 0
Dea r Ms . Ostema ,
3400 S . Elati Street
Eng lewood , Colorado 80 11 0-2304
Phone (303 ) 76 2-23 00
(303 ) 762 -2 301
FAX (303 ) 789-1125
Pursuant to State Statute § 1-4-903 I am notify ing you that the Petition to Recall
Rita Hathaway has been approved as to form by the Secretary of State 's Office
and that I am , as of this date , authorizing the reca ll petition .
Please note that authorization of the petition does not constitute approval of the
contents of the petition but , rather, commences the running of the t ime periods .
The Englewood Home Rule Charter § 34 states that the recall pet ition shall be
filed with the requ isite informat ion and signatures with the City Clerk within sixty
(60) days after authorization . The deadline for submission of the recall petitions
is August 16, 1996 at 5:00 p.m. Failure to file a pet ition within this period shall
render the recall petition nu ll and void .
The authorized petition must be c irculated and signed by registered electors who
would be ent itled to vote for the successor of the incumbent sought to be
recalled . The petition must be s igned by at least 319 reg istered electors in
District I.
Loucrishia A Ellis , CMC
C ity Clerk
. :w Printed on Recyc led Paper "'--...c·
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3Jnqn l~I. 1.Eliltralrn & Assnciat?s, J.Qr.
A TIORNEYS AND COUNSELORS AT LAW
-HN P . DiFALCO
Daniel R. Brotzman
City Attorney
City of Englewood
3400 S. Elati Street
Englewood, CO 80110-2304
Dear Mr. Brotzman:
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This is in reference to your March 25, 1996 letter informing this firm that the
Englewood City Council has authorized our appointment as special counsel to
investigate the facts and issue a legal opinion regarding a potential conflict of interest
by a member of the City Council.
In investigating the matter, we have had discussions with yourself, City
Manager Doug Clark, the citizen who filed the complaint, Sandra Y. Ostema, and the
individual who was alleged to have engaged in the conflict, Council member, Rita
Hathaway. Additionally , we have reviewed the procedure manual of the City Council ,
Municipal Code , Section 3-10-5 , which deals with conflict of interest and the Home
Rule Charter of the City of Englewood. Our investigation has focused upon the
March 5, 1996 allegations made by Sandra Y. Ostema in her letter to the Englewood
City Council. Obviously , pursuant to the lim ited request of the Englewood City
Council, our findings and opinion will be based solely upon the legal issues that are
presented. Any political or legislative policies are beyond the purview of this review
and will not be evaluated, as such matters are best left for the duly elected officials
and the political process of the City of Englewood, Colorado.
This opinion will focus on the issues raised by Sandra Y. Ostema in the
sequence she presented them to the City Council in her March 5th letter. Initially
it is noted that there does not appear to be any significant dispute regarding the facts
in the case. On January 29 , 1996 , Council member, Rita Hathaway received an E-
mail from the City Attorney's office providing the draft of a proposed ordinance and
two paragraphs of a resolution setting fees under the ordinance. The ordinance
generally referred to regulation of temporary agencies/day labor in the City of
Englewood. Council member Hathaway in tum faxed the proposed ordinance on
January 30th to the "Colorado Association of Staffing Services," a lobbying group for
the businesses subject to regulation under the ordinance. Rita Hathaway had given
notice three weeks previously to her employer, Stand By Personnel , that she would
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 2
be taking another position. Her last day of employment with that company was
January 31, 1996.
The E-mail ordinance Council member Hathaway received from City Attorney
Dan Brotzman's office was part of the information provided to members of City
Council for their regular meeting scheduled for Monday, February 5, 1996. Attorney
Brotzman indicates that the information was provided to the member of Council in
the normal course of business and that the same information, the draft ordinance not
being a privileged or confidential document, was available to any citizen who may
have requested a copy. Indeed, there is information that at least one citizen did
request a copy of the ordinance and was advised that he could just pick it up at the
City Attorney's office. This request apparently came in on Thursday, February 1,
1996. The significant point is , however , that the City Attorney did not consider the
document to be confidential , attorney/client privileged, or otherwise restricted from
the public.
As the purpose of the ordinance was to license and thereby establish certain
restrictions on temporary agencies/day labor providers , as is customary in Englewood,
a resolution to set fees with such ordinance creating a licensing procedure is routinely
provided to the City Council. It was explained that the resolution setting fees can
quickly be modified in conjunction with consideration of the ordinance, which
requires a more cumbersome procedure to amend.
The City Attorney advises that he has a specific procedure to mark documents
that are confidential, privileged, or somehow restricted. He notes that he usually
marks such documents as "clients review only" or "confidential." (It is clear that the
documents in question were never intended to be confidential, nor were they marked
in any way to prevent public disclosure.) All parties agree that the subject ordinance
related to a matter that was of general concern to the public in Englewood --that
is the regulation of temporary employment agencies in the City.
Our opinion concerning the separate allegations made by citizen Ostema are
presented in order as follows:
1. On January 31, 1996, Councilperson Hathaway violated Home
Rule Charter No. 26, with willful conduct and malice disregard to her
office and the constituents of District No. 1, she did cause Bill No. 5,
specifically referred to as the Temporary Agencies/Day Labor Bill,
'
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
April 29 , 1996
Page 3
hereafter referred to as Bill No. 5, to be released to the general public,
contrary to City Administrative procedures for the introduction of Bills.
This allegation generally refers to the responsibilities of a member of City
Council under the constitutions of the United States and Colorado , as well as the
Charter and ordinances of the City. It is an allegation that Council member
Hathaway somehow violated her general responsibility by making public an ordinance
that was being considered by the City Council for possible enactment. In reviewing
Home Rule Charter, Article V , relating to ordinances, we find this traditional Chaner
language concerning the enactment of ordinances in no way precludes a Council
member or any other official of the City from providing copies of a proposed
ordinance to any party. The procedure manual of the City Council , specifically
Section VII , relating to ordinances, resolutions , motions and contracts , does not
preclude the member of Council from providing copies of the ordinance to any
interested party. Indeed, Section V , paragraph D , relating to the City Attorney,
mandates that, "Any member of the City Council may at any time call upon the City
Attorney for an oral or written opinion relative to any municipal matter or for the
preparation of a bill for an ordinance upon any subject." Further, the City has a very
broad open meetings provision which implies that the information generated by the
City is generally available to the public , unless for some acceptable reason, such as
contract negotiations or personnel matters , the City chooses to declare a
confidentiality exception to the virtually universal openness implicit in the City
Charter and ordinances. In that the provision of information in the form of
ordinances or resolutions to the public is not prohibited; indeed, it appears to be
encouraged by the City Charter, ordinances, and procedure manual of the City
Council , the mere act by member of Council , Rita Hathaway , in providing
information to a group of constituents or any other party does not constitute any legal
conflict of interest.
2. On October 24, 1995, Councilperson Hathaway violated Home
Rule Charter No. 30, with willful conduct and malice disregard to her
office and the constituents of District No. 1, by delegating to a
committee known as Neighborhood Watch an issue of concern to her
constituents, namely working with the concerns of the neighbors and the
effects of a business known as Stand By Personnel. Neighborhood
Watch is a neighborhood committee and not a Board or Commission
duly appointed by the City of Englewood. I am sure that this delegation
Daniel L Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 4
was made to save the appearance of a conflict, however, Home Rule
Charter No. 30 was violated nonetheless.
This allegation appears to be related to the Charter provis10n concerning
Council powers. It is clear in Colorado that under the state constitution, a City
Council may not delegate legislative power to any other individual , commission ,
board, etc. Greeley Police Union v. City Council of Greeley, Colo. 553 P.2d 790 (1976 ).
Although the referral of a matter to a neighborhood committee is characterized in
Ms. Ostema's letter as an illegal delegation of legislative authority, the facts clearly
indicate that no such delegation was intended or was even attempted in the instant
case. It is not at all uncommon for an entire City Council or individual Council
members in Colorado jurisdictions to ask neighborhood groups to address issues from
an information gathering standpoint and make recommendations to their elected
representatives on problems of neighborhood or general citywide concern. The
actions by Council member Hathaway in referring this matter to the committee on
its face does not appear to be anything more than a traditional and legally recognized
effort to make such an informal request to a neighborhood committee. It is clear
that even if the entire City Council attempted to illegally delegate legislative authority
to an individual or committee in violation of the prohibition of the state constitution
on such delegation, the legal consequence of such effort would only constitute an
ultra vires act. The illegal delegation, without power by the Council , would simply
make such action null and void. See Greeley Police Union, supra. The attempt at
delegation would not, in and of itself if done in good faith , constitute a conflict of
interest, merely an error in wrongl y delegating legislative authority. In that the action
by Council member Hathaway does not even arise to a delegation, it cannot
constitute even a legal error, let alone be characterized in any respect as a conflict
of interest. It is best described as another effort on the part of Council member
Hathaway, and through her presumably the City Council, to effect the policies of the
City of Englewood to have an open government with considerable citizen
involvement. The propriety or political correctness of such actions are best left for
the City Council and the electorate. These actions do not rise to the level of any legal
conflict of interest or Charter violation.
3. On January 31, 1996, Councilperson Hathaway violated Home
Rule, Charter No. 32, with willful conduct and with malice disregard to
her office and the constituents of District No. 1, she did cause Bill No.
5 to be released to the general public, by direct interference with the
procedures of the City Manager and City Attorney, contrary to City
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 5
Administrative procedures for the introduction of Bills. Bill No. 5 was
in a draft form. The cover letter issued by Attorney Brotzman did not
include residents and/or Stand By Personnel, therefore it was not
intended to become "of public record". Bill No. 5 was released before
the draft was completed in its entirety. See copy of Fax from Stand By
to Alexander's Data Processing, a copy of which has been given to Alex
Habenicht. The copy that was faxed to Stand By from City Hall was
done in two parts. The ink does not appear to be dry enough to make
it "of public record".
This allegation concerns a Charter provision that is found in virtually all Home
Rule Charters mandating that the administrative service of City government shall deal
solely through the City Nfanager. It contains the usual prohibition on members of
City Council , cautioning them against dictating the appointment or directing or
interfering with the work of any officer or employee under the administrative
jurisdiction of City Nfanger. In the instant situation, the question of violating section
32 of the City Charter never arises because the evidence discloses that Council
member Hathaway received the ordinance and communicated with the City Attorney
and his confidential employees who by express provision of the Charter are not
members of the administrative staff reporting to the City Manager. The Englewood
Chaner, as is typical in most Home Rule cities , provides for the establishment of a
legal department under Article IX of the Charter. It specifically provides at Part I ,
section 64 that, "The Council shall appoint a City Attorney who shall be the legal
representative of the City and who shall advise the Council and City Officials in
matters relating to the official powers and duties." The Council establishes the
compensation for the City Attorney and hires and fires that individual. Conversely,
the City Manager, who is also an appointee of the City Council , is the head of the
administrative service of the City, that group of employees contemplated by section
32 of the City Charter. It is clear under section 49 of Article VII of the Charter that
the City Manager , "shall be the chief executive officer and head of the administrative
branch of the City Government." He , like the City Attorney, is hired and fired by the
City Council, who also sets their respective salaries. Although City Attorney staff
may be members of the City personnel system for purposes of pay , benefits, etc.,
under the Charter, the City Manager, who is in charge of the administrative branch
of the City Government and the City Attorney , who serves as the legal representative
of the City and advisor to the Council and City Officials , are legally two separate and
distinct entities and for the purposes of the prohibitions of the City Charter found at
section 32, must be recognized for their different roles and responsibilities, vis a vis ,
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 6
the City Council. In short, Council member Hathaway could not have violated
section 32 of the City Charter because she was not even dealing with the
administrative service of the City in having discussions with and obtaining documents
from the City Attorney. A basic prerequisite to violation of section 32 of the Charter
is therefore not met (i.e. a Council member dealing directly with the "administrative
service") and , therefore, there can be no violation of that specific Charter
amendment, nor is there any violation of applicable ordinances or the procedural
manual of the City Council specifying similar prohibitions regarding the Council
dealing directly with members of the administrative service.
In Ms. Ostema's letter of March 5, 1996 , she states that, "The cover letter
issued by Attorney Brotzman did not include residents and/or Stand By Personnel ,
therefore, it was not intended to become "of public record"." The assumption that
unless a document is designated as public record it is somehow private and not
disclosable by City Attorney Brotzman is a gross misunderstanding of the public
records law in the state of Colorado, as well as the obvious policies of the City of
Englewood , as reflected in its adoption of state statute and ordinance regarding open
meetings. The exact reverse of Ms. Ostema 's position is the correct law . All
documents generated by a municipal government are considered matters of public
record unless the document comes within the narrowly defined exceptions under the
various public records laws. In other words , the document does not have to say, "of
public record" to be public. It is presumptively a public record unless there is some
clear indication that it is confidential, private , or attorney/client privileged. Mere
disclosure of the information when such disclosure is in furtherance of the public
policy of openness in government cannot, in any respect, constitute a conflict of
interest. Presumably, the citizen making the complaint would not be in favor of
government in which records were private unless identified for the public, as this is
just the kind of governmental abuse that the open records laws intended to correct.
The City policy of openness is fully congruent with the actions of Council member
Hathaway in disclosing the ordinance to members of the public.
4. On January 31, 1996, Councilperson Hathaway violated Home
Rule Charter No. 37, by willful conduct and with malice disregard to
her office and the constituents of District No. 1, she did not excuse
herself from voting on matters involving the consideration of her own
official conduct or when her personal or financial interest is involved,
namely being in the employ of Stand By Personnel. Councilperson
Hathaway's last day of employment with Stand By Personnel was on
. .,,
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
April 29 , 1996
Page 7
January 31, 1996, and would be receiving a final payroll check around
mid-February.
This allegation relating to an incident on January 31, 1996 is difficult to address
because there is no evidence that there was any Council meeting or vote on January
31 , 1996. The allegation that Council member Hathaway, "did not excuse herself
from voting on matters involving the consideration of her own official conduct or
when her personal or financial interest is involved," is equally difficult to address . If
there was no vote, there could not have been a conflict as described in this allegation.
The only conceivable related issue may have occurred at a Council meeting on
February 5, 1996, when the Council voted to table Bill No. 5 (the ordinance relating
to temporary agencies/day labor.) It appears Council member Hathaway did
participate that evening in the procedural vote under the rules of parliamentary
procedure to table funher consideration of the subject ordinance. A procedural vote
to table such ordinance could not, in and of itself, constitute a conflict as it is
uncontroverted that Council member Hathaway did not work for Stand By Personnel
after January 31 , 1996, and in any event, there is no showing that she engaged in any
act which would violate the City 's conflict of interest ordinance, Englewood City
Code , Section 3-10-5 , et. seq. That very broad conflict of interest provision would
appear to cover virtually any conceivable impropriety by a public official. At Section
3-10-5, subparagraph D , it is clear that the City considers it a conflict if an employee
holds an employment relationship with a business entity or agency subject to the
regulation of the City of Englewood and such relationship , "will create a conflict
between his/her private interests and the performance of his/her public duties or that
would impede the full and faithful discharge of his /her public duties." In the instant
case, any such employment relationship was terminated as of January 31, 1996, and
there is no evidence that Council member Hathaway directly benefited in any respect
from any votes that she may have participated in, indeed, "there was no vote on
January 31, 1996," nor is there any indication that a vote to table the regulatory
ordinance on February 5, 1996 was either favorable or unfavorable to any particular
party, specifically the Council member's former employer. In order to demonstrate
a conflict of interest under the statute, one must show a certain "legal nexus"or direct
connection or benefit for action taken. Unless such is demonstrated by competent
evidence, and this is not the case in these allegations, then the dispute between the
parties becomes nothing more or less than a political dispute that under our system
of government must be addressed in the political arena. In looking at all the
uncontroverted facts in this matter and recognizing the very broad construction that
is to be given to the remedial legislation of the conflict of interest ordinance, one
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 8
cannot find that any of the actions taken by Council member Hathaway, be it the
unofficial action of providing information to constituents or the official action of
voting on a matter, can reasonably be construed as demonstrating a conflict of
interest. In any event, there can be no violation of section 37 concerning any actions
taken on January 31 , 1996, as there was no Council meeting and there were no votes
by Council member Hathaway on that date.
5. On January 31, 1996, Councilperson Hathaway violated Home
Rule Charter No. 37, by willful conduct and with malice disregard to
her office and the constituents of District No. 1, by willfully and
knowingly circulating or cause to be circulated Bill No. 5, the disclosure
of which defeated the lawful purpose for which it was intended to
accomplish .. by creating confusion among her constituents and area
businesses associated with the matters of Stand By Personnel.
The same Charter provision is referred to in allegation 5, as was listed in
allegation 4, and since there was no such vote on January 31 , 1996 , there cannot have
been any violation of that Charter Section. The actions complained of, circulating the
subject ordinance , "the disclosure of which defeated the lawful purpose for which it
was intended to accomplish ," would appear to be an allegation that the member of
Council, by disclosing information prevented an ordinance from being enacted that
may somehow have snuck through the legislative process , thereby sandbagging a
certain constituency or member of the public. This allegation, even if it were true ,
is not a basis for finding conflict. The allegation is more in the nature of a comment
on the correct way the political process is intended to function. The mere disclosure
of an ordinance is all that occurred, and the allegation that such disclosure somehow
created "confusion among ... constituents and area businesses " is more in the nature of
a political comment from the party who may not have prevailed in the political in-
fighting than a responsible allegation of conflict or other violation of City Charter.
Obviously, it is not the purpose of the City Council , despite what the citizen
complainant seems to be saying in her allegations, to quietly enact legislation before
constituencies are aware of just what the City Council is doing in implementing
legislative policy. Indeed, such star chamber legislative action is a far greater evil
than disclosure of information, as is well recognized by the open meetings and public
records policies of virtually every level of government in this nation.
In summary, the issues raised by citizen, Sandra Y . Ostema, regarding the
conduct of Council member Rita Hathaway are clearly in the nature of political
Daniel L. Brotzman
City Attorney
May 1, 1996
Page 9
disagreement and should, indeed, be addressed in the political arena. The fact that
Council member Hathaway did not exercise the restraint that Ms. Ostema would have
preferred in concealing the ordinance from one or more constituents or in approving
the ordinance as written, which apparently was the goal of the complaining citizen,
is a matter for the political process, not the conflict of interest regulations of the City
which are rightly intended to cover those instances in which there has been financial
gain or inappropriate self-dealing by a public official or employee in violation of the
prohibitions of the Charter and ordinances. In reviewing all the facts which are
essentially not in dispute , and in applying the City ordinances prohibiting conflicts of
interest, the City Charter and procedural manual of City Council concerning the
proper procedures for enacting legislation in the most broad and remedial sense , we
are unable to find any violation of Charter, ordinance , or procedure in the actions of
Council member Rita Hathaway.
There is no legally recognizable conflict of interest in this case , although there
is obv iously a political dispute which must remain in the political arena. We are
confident that any such political dispute, as is appropriate in a democracy under our
form of representative government, will be resolved in the best interests and for the
general welfare of all the citizens of the City of Englewood , Colorado.
JOHN P. DiF ALCO & ASSOCIATES , P.C.
By:
JOHN P . DiFALC