HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-11-08 WSB AGENDA;tEnQLewood
1000 Englewood Pkwy -Co m mun ity
Development Conf. Rm .
AGENDA
Englewood , CO 80110
Wate r and Sewer Board Meeting
Tuesday , November 8 , 2016 + 5 :00 PM
1. Call to Order
2 . Roll Cal l
3 . Approval of Minutes
a . Minutes of the July 12 , 2016 Meeting
Water & Sewe r Board 07-12-2016
4 . Public Forum
5 . New Business
a . 2100 W . Littleton Blvd . -City Ditch -Public Service Electrical Conduit
CC -2100 W . Littleton Blvd . Public Service -City Ditch
City Ditch Crossing License -Public Serv. Bemis Littleton
City Ditch Grant of Temp. Construe. Lie . Public Serv.
b . Rite -Aid -70 7 E. Jefferson Ave ., Amended Vacation of Existing Sewer Easement and
Grant of Sewer Easement.
CC -Rite-Aid Vacation of Existing Sewer Easement
Rite -Aid Vacat ion of Existing Sewer Easement and G rant of Sewer Easement
c . Allen Plant A lu m Residuals Risk Assessment
CC -Allen Plant Alum Residuals
Allen Plant A l um Residuals -Integral Eng . Proposal
6 . Staffs Choice
a . Memo dated October 31 , 2016 from Colorado Water Trust
Colorado Water Trust Memo dated Oct. 31. 2016
7 . Adjournment
P lease note: If yo u have a d isab ili ty and need aux ili ary a ids o r se rv ices , please notify the C ity of Eng lewood (303 -
762-2405) at least 48 hours in advance of when serv ices are needed .
Page 1of132
ENGLEWOOD WATER & SEWER BOARD
Regular Meeting
July 12, 2016
1. CALL TO ORDER
The regular meeting of the Englewood Water and Sewer Board was called to order at
5 :00 p.m . on Tuesday, July 12, 2016 at 1000 Englewood Parkway, Englewood , CO 80110
by Chair Clyde Wiggins .
2. ROLL CALL
Members present :
Members absent:
Also present :
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3 . MINUTES
Burns, Lay, Jefferson, Wiggins, Oakley, Roth, Habenicht,
Gill it
Moore, Yates
Tom Brennan, Director of Utilities
The Board received a copy of the May 10, 2016 Water and Sewer Board Meeting
Minutes and the resulting phone vote of May 19, 2016 .
Motion:
Moved ;
Ayes :
Motion carried
To approve the May 10, 2016 Water Board Minutes and phone
vote of May, 19, 2016 .
Oakley Seconded : Burns
Page 2of132
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4. WELL AGREEMENT.
The Board received a well agreement from L. K. Blessinger, owner of 2190 W. Harvard
Ave. This is for an on-site well that has been on the property for many years and will be
used for irrigation purposes only.
Motion: To approve the well agreement dated April 19, 2016 for 2190 W.
Harvard Ave . between L.K. Blessinger and the City of Englewood.
Moved: Burns Seconded: Habenicht
Ayes : All
Motion carried.
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5. OLD BUSINESS
None
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6. STAFF'S CHOICE
MEMO FROM ALLEN FILTER PLANT.
The Board received a memo, "Report regarding the Community Surrounding the Allen
Water Filter Plant," prepared by Herman Gibb, Ph .D., M .P.H. This is an information only
item. Councilperson Joe Jefferson noted that the full version of the Channel 4 newscast
regarding the Allen Filter Plant sludge issue is available on Englewood's website .
El
7. PUBLIC FORUM
DAVE PRAD0-780 W. OXFORD AVE.
Dave Prado of S. Huron Street appeared to discuss his objections to a proposed garden
site in the City Ditch easement behind his property. Joe Jefferson noted that the past
Page 3of132
policy has been that all adjacent property owners must agree on the use of the
easement for it to be utilized. Mr. Prado discussed his concern about the garden
attracting raccoons. Mr. Wiggins recommended Mr. Prado fence the 30' along his
property line next to the City Ditch to restrict access to his property. It was noted that
any proposed use cannot interfere with City Ditch operations .
Mr. Prado is concerned about a dying elm tree that he believes is located in the City
Ditch easement . Mr. Brennan noted that he will send out a ditch rider to determine if it
is the City's responsibility for removal.
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8. ANNUAL BOARD & COMMISSION APPRECIATION NIGHT.
The Board received a memorandum dated July 7, 2016 inviting the Water Board to the
Annual Board & Commission Appreciation Night on Monday August 8, 2016 at 6:00 at
Pirates Cove, 1225 W. Belleview Ave .
9. WATER BOARD MEMBER JO LAY'S RESIGNATION
Jo Lay announced , with deep regret, that she must resign from the Water and Sewer
Board . Jo and Dick Lay are moving out of Englewood .
Adjourned at 5 :20 p.m.
The next Water and Sewer Board meeting will be Tuesday, August 9, 2016 at 5 :00 p.m .
in the Community Development Conference Room .
Sincerely,
Cathy Burrage
Recording Secretary
Page 4of132
COUNCIL COMMUNICATION
Meeting Date: Agenda Item: Subject:
November 21, 2016 2100 W. Littleton Blvd. -City
Ditch Public Service Company
Electrical Conduit
Initiated By: Staff Source:
Utilities Department Staff Tom Brennan, Director of Utilities
PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION
None.
RECOMMENDED ACTION
Council approval of the City Ditch Grant of Temporary Construction Easement and a City Ditch
Crossing Agreement for the Public Service Company of Colorado for an electrical conduit at
2100 W. Littleton Blvd.
BACKGROUND, ANALYSIS, AND ALTERNATIVES IDENTIFIED
Public Service Company of Colorado, a Colorado corporation is requesting a Grant of Temporary
Construction Easement and a City Ditch Crossing License Agreement to install a buried electrical
line in a conduit for the The Grove at Littleton. The Grove is a 55+ senior living community
consisting of 160 apartment units with mixed use restaurant and retail space. It is located on
the southeast corner of W. Littleton Blvd. and S. Bemis St.
Englewood's City Ditch right-of-way runs through a portion of the property, requiring license
agreements for crossing the City Ditch with a buried electrical line. The electrical conduit will
be buried 30" deep and run to a transformer located next to the building.
The City of Englewood retains its right-of-way ownership and the crossing agreement does not
prevent Englewood from constructing, operating, maintaining, repairing, replacing, removing or
enlarging the City Ditch .
FINANCIAL IMPACT
None.
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Grant ofTemporary Construction Easement
City Ditch Crossing License Agreement
Legal Descriptions and Exhibits
Bern 's Little ton Blvd Public Service City D•ICh Ea sem ent
Page 5 of 132
CITY DITCH CROSSING LICENSE AGREEMENT
THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT made and entered into as of this day of
______ , 2016, by and between the CITY OF ENGLEWOOD, a municipal corporation
of the State of Colorado, herein referred to as "City", and PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF
COLORADO Inc . herein referred to as "Licensee".
WITNESSETH : The City without any warranty of its title or interest whatsoever, hereby
authorizes Licensee, its successor, assigns, to install 750 KVA buried electrical lines, in conduit
(hereinafter conduit) over the City's rights-of-way for the City Ditch in order to provide electric
service to 2100 West Littleton Blvd., Littleton, CO also known as "The Grove Littleton", as
described as follows:
Described in Exhibi t A, consisting of 2 pages attached hereto.
I. Any construction contemplated or perfonned under this License shall comply with and
conform to standards fonnulated by the Director of Utilities of the City and such
construction shall be perfonned and completed according to the plans approved by the
City, as shown on attached Exhibit B.
2. The Licensee shall notify the City's Director of Utilities at least three (3) days prior to the
time of commencement of the construction of, or any repairs made to, Licensee's conduit
so that the City may, in its discretion, inspect such operations.
3. Within thirty (30) days from the date of the commencement of construction of said conduit
the Licensee shall complete such construction, place and maintain permanent, visible
markers, of a type and at such locations as designated by the City's Director of Utilities,
referring to the centerline of the installation and shall clear the crossing area of all
construction debris and restore the area to its previous condition as near as may be
reasonable. In the event the planning of the centerline markers and the clearing and
restoration of the crossing area is not completed within the time specified, the City may
complete the work at the sole expense of the Licensee.
4. The City shall have the right to maintain, install, repair, remove or relocate the City Ditch
or any other of its facilities or installations within the City's rights-of-way, at any time and
in such manner as the City deems necessary or convenient. The City reserves the exclusive
right to control all easements and installations. In the event the conduit should interfere
with any future use of the City's rights-of-way by the City, the Licensee shall, upon request
and at its sole expense, relocate, rearrange, or remove its installations so as not to interfere
with any such use .
5. Any repair or replacement of any City installation made necessary, in the opinion of the
City's Director of Utilities because of the construction of the conduit or other appurtenant
installation thereof, shall be made at the sole expense of the Licensee.
Page 6of132
6 . The stipulation and conditions of this License shall be incorporated into contract
specifications ifthe construction herein authorized is to be done on a contract basis .
7. The rights and privileges granted in this License shall be subject to prior agreements,
licenses and/or grants, recorded or unrecorded, and it shall be the Licensee's sole
responsibility to determine the existence of said documents or conflicting uses or
installations.
8. The Licensee shall contact and fully cooperate with the City's personnel and the
construction shall be completed without interference with any lawful, usual or ordinary
flow of water through the City Ditch. Licensee shall assume all risks incident to the
possible presence of such waters, or of stonn waters, or of surface waters in the City Ditch.
9. All trenches or holes within the City's rights-of-way shall be backfilled and tamped to the
original ground line in layers not to exceed six (6) inches loose measure to a compaction of
ninety percent (90%) Standard Proctor Maximum Density.
I 0. Licensee, by acceptance of this License, expressly assumes full and strict liability for any
and all damages of every nature to person or property caused by water from the ditch
leaking through the ditch banks or pipeline at the point or points where the Licensee
performs any work in connection with the crossing provided by this License. The Licensee
assumes all responsibility for maintenance of the Licensee's installation.
11. Licensee shall indemnify and save harmless the City, its officers and employees, against
any and all claims, damages, actions or causes of action and expenses to which it or they
may be subjected by reason of said conduit being within and across and under the premises
of the City or by reason of any work done or omission made by Licensee, its agents or
employees, in connection with the construction, replacement, maintenance or repair of said
installation.
12 . It is expressly agreed that in case of Licensee's breach of any of the within promises, the
City may, at its option, have specific performance thereof, or sue for damages resulting
from such breach.
13. Upon abandonment of any right or privilege herein granted, the right of Licensee to that
extent shall terminate, but its obligation to indemnify and save harmless the City, its
officers and employees, shall not terminate in any event.
14. The undersigned represents that he is an authorized officer of Licensee and has authority to
enter into this Agreement on behalf of Licensee and that Licensee will accept and abide by
all the term s and conditions hereof.
2
Page 7of132
In granting the above authorization, the City reserves the right to make full use of the property
involved as may be necessary or convenient in the operation of the water works plant and system
under the control of the City.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this instrument has been executed as of the day and year first
above written .
CITY OF ENGLEWOOD
AITEST:
Joe Jefferson, Mayor
Loucrishia A. Ellis, City Clerk
LICENSEE:
STATE OF COLORADO )
) SS.
COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE )
The foregoing License -City Ditch Crossing Agreement was acknowledged before me this
:J.J~ day of~ fp pt'l2016 by Richard J. Grady, Manager Siting and Land Rights of Public
Service Company of Colorado, a Colorado Corporation.
JAMES 0 WALKER
Notary Public
State of Colorado
Notary 10 19964001352
M Commission Expires Jan 30, 2020
;~vw,.a,
Notary
3
Page 8of132
EXHIBIT
LOCATED IN THE SW 1/4 OF SECTION 16,
TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH, RANCE 68 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M.
CITY OF LITTLETON, COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE, STATE OF COLORADO
SHEET 1 OF 2
LICEf\lSE DESCRIPTIOf\J:
A PARCEL OF GROUND SITUA lED 11-.J THE CITY OF LITTLETOi'I,
ARAP AHOE COUHTY. STA.TE OF COLORADO, IN THE SV/ l4 OF SECTIOl-I
16 , T. 5 S, R 68 W., 6TH P.!A , DESCRIBED AS:
CO L1 "1EIJCING AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF LOT 1, BLOCI< 1,
INTER fv10UNTAIN SUB01VISIOM AS PLATTED IN THE RECORDS OF SAID
COU IHY;
THrnC E ALOl·lG THE SOUTH Lll\JE OF THE PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR
WEST LI TTLETOl'J BOULEVP.RO s 59·47'1o ·w. P.. DISTAMCE OF 24.82 FEET
TO A POll-.JT l YING AT THE llHERSECTION OF iHE EAST LINE OF THAT
CERT AIM EASH1El,IT GRAl,JTEO IM BOOK 4136 P/'...GE 250 AhlD THE
SOUTHERLY ROW OF LITTLETOi'I BOULE VA.RD;
THENC E ALONG SAID EAST LINE S 20'19'05"W, A DISTA.MCE OF 50.2 4
FE ET ;
THENC E CONTINUll\JG ALOl,JG SAID EAST LINE S25 '13'36''W, A DISTANCE
OF 15. 71 FEET TO THE POllH OF BEGll~Ml1'1G;
THENCE N64 '46'2t!''W, A DISTAl'-JCE OF 25.00 FEET TO THE POINT OF
TERMIN US .
THE BA SIS OF BE ARINGS FOR THIS DESCR'PT ON IS THE EAST LIME OF
LOT 1, BLOCK 1, llHERMOUrHAIM SUBDIVISION AS PL.".TTED IN THE
RECOR DS OF ARA PAHOE COUNTY
BEIMG S00'12'10"V, t.WNUlv!ENTED BY A T.<\G Al~D SHINER STAtv1PED PLS
33202 AT THE NORTH mo At,JD A FOUND #5 REBAR ON THE SOUTH
EMO.
DESCP.IPTIOM PRE PARED BY
P.OGER KELLEY P L~ 2466 7
FOR ~~D ON G E H ~LF oc
BASELI NE L .".ND SuP·/EYll,IG
BASELINE LAND
SURVEYING, INC.
PROJECT # 10386
5023 '.'I. 120th hie, #153 . 6rocmlel<! C:o 80020 (J03) 457 -J96J
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Page 9of132
EXHIBIT
LOCATED IN THE SW 1/4 OF SECTION 16,
TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH, RANGE 68 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M.
CITY OF LITTLETON, COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE, STATE OF COLORADO
SHEET 2 OF 2
LITILETON BOULEVARD ~ (100' PUBLIC R.0.W.) SB9" 47' 10'W ,.
24 .82' ~
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N89" 47' 10"E 247.40'
s20 · 19· os-w
50.24'
s2s · 13· 36'W
15 . 71'
CENTERLINE LICENSE
N64 ' 46' 24'W
2s .oo· Scale: 1" = 40'
40 20 0
BASELINE LAND
SURVEYING, INC.
PR OJ EC l i 1 OJaa
502J I'/ 120th ;.,e, fii5J. 6roornhel:l Co ao020 (J03) 457-3964
40
Page 10of132
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MANHOLE: (IYI') ----n\
15 lO 60
SCALE: 1· = JO'
ORIGIW.L GRAPHIC SCALE
YN assumes no rasponslblllly for ull~ty locallons.
m on this drawing haw been plotted from lhe
'ormatlon. II ls. however. lho conlroclors
Reid verify Iha locallon or eN Ullllllos pclor
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GRANT OF TEMPORARY CONSTRUCTION LICENSE
THIS AGREEMENT is made th.is __ day of , 2016, between the CITY
OF ENGLEWOOD, (hereinafter referred to as "the City or Grantor") and the PUBLIC SERVICE
COMPANY OF COLORADO, a Colorado corporation (hereinafter referred to as "Licensee").
WHEREAS, the City owns a certain Right-of-Way for the City Ditch; and
WHEREAS, Licensee desires to make certain improvements in the area relating to their 750
KV A buried electrical lines, in conduit over the City's rights-of-way for the City Ditch in order
to provide electric power and the City agrees to give Licensees a Construction License for said
utility lines in conduit improvements.
WITNESS, the City, without any warranty of its title or interest whatsoever, hereby grants the
Licensee the use of the property, hereinafter described, the City now owns for the following
improvements:
Legal description:
See attached Exhibit A, consisting of2 pages attached hereto.
Construction Improvements:
See attached Exhibit B, Construction Drawings or Plans .
NOW THEREFORE, it is agreed between the City and Licensee that the Licensee shall
be granted a construction easement to make the improvements described in Exhibits A and B.
Subject to the following conditions:
I. Period of Construction. Licensee's right to use the construction easement area depicted on
Exhibit A shall terminate on December 31, 2017, and shall not thereafter be reinstated on a
temporary basis without the express written consent of Grantor. This shall in no way limit
the City of Englewood's access to perfonn regular maintenance.
2. Restoration. The Licensee will do what is necessary to restore all Grantor's property
damaged or disturbed as a result of the project to as near its original condition as is
practical, including but not limited to seeding on the City Ditch dedicated Right-of-Way.
3. Exercise of Reasonable Care. The Licensee will use all reasonable means to prevent any
loss or damage to Grantor or to others resulting from the construction.
4 . As-Built Drawings. The Licensee shall supply Grantor a map that shows the construction
area and defines the construction site.
Page 12of132
5. Assignmen t. Licensee's assignment of this Agreement will not relieve Licensee of its
obligations hereunder. The provisions hereof shall inure to the benefit and be binding on
the successors and assigns of the respective parties hereto .
6. Authoritv to Enter Into Agreement. The undersigned represents that he is an authorized
officer of Licensee and has authority to enter into this Agreement on behalf of Licensee
and that Licensee will accept and abide by all the tenns and conditions hereof.
This Agreement shall tenninate upon completion of said improvements and approval by the
City of Englewood .
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hands and seals of the date first
above written.
CITY OF ENGLEWOOD, COLORADO
By: _________ _
Tom Brennan, Director of Utilities
LICENSEE :
PUBLIC SERVICE COMPANY OF
COLORADO
STATE OF COLORADO )
) SS .
COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE )
The foregoing instrument was acknowledged before me this 2fil_ day of
(l;,fober , 20}b_, by Richard J. Grady, Manager, Siting and Land Rights of
Public Service Company of Colorado, a Colorado Corporation .
WITNESS my hand and seal.
My Commission expires:
JAMES D WALKER
Notary Public
State ct Colorado
Notary ID 19964001352
Mv Comm ission Expires Jan 30, 2020
~Q·UJ~ Notll)/PUbli c
-2 -
Page 13of132
EXHIBIT
LOCATED IN THE SW 1/4 OF SECTION 16,
TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH, RANGE 68 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M.
CITY OF LITTLETON, COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE, STATE OF COLORADO
SHEET 1 OF 2
LICENSE DESCRIPTION:
A PARCEL OF GROUND SITUATED IN THE CITY OF LITTLETON,
ARAPAHOE COUNTY, STA TE OF COLOR ADO, IN THE SW !!.\ OF SECTION
16, T. 5 S., R 68 W., 6TH P.M., DESCRIBED AS:
COMMENCING AT THE NORTHWEST CORNER OF LOT 1, BLOCK 1,
IN TERMOUNTAIN SUBDIVISION AS PLATTED IN THE RECORDS OF SAID
COUNTY;
THENCE ALONG THE SOUTH LINE OF THE PUBLIC RIGHT-OF-WAY FOR
WEST LITTLETON BOULEVARD S 89'47'10"W, A DISTANCE OF 24 .82 FEET
TO A POINT LYING AT THE INTERSECTION OF THE EAST LINE OF THAT
CERTAIN EASEMENT GRANTED IN BOOK 41.36 PAGE 250 AND THE
SOUTHERLY ROW OF LITTLETON BOULEVARD;
THENCE ALONG SAID EAST LINE S 20'19'05"W, A DISTANCE OF 50.24
FEET;
THENCE CONTINUING ALONG SAID EAST LINE S25'13'36"W, A DISTANCE
OF 15 .71 FEET TO THE POINT OF BEGINNING;
THENCE N64'46'24"W, A DISTANCE OF 25.00 FEET TO THE POINT OF
TERM INUS.
THE BASIS OF BEARINGS FOR THIS DESCRIPTION IS THE EAST LINE OF
LOT 1, BLOCK 1, IN TERM OUN TAIN SUBDIVISION AS PLATTED IN THE
RECORDS OF ARAPAHOE COUNTY
BEING soo·12'1o"w MONUMENTED BY A TAG AND SHINER STAMPED PLS
33202 AT THE NORTH END AND A FOUND #5 REBAR ON THE SOUTH
END .
DESCRIPTION PREPARED BY
ROGER KELLEY PLS 24667
FOR AND ON BEH ALF OF
BASELINE LAND SURVE~NG
BASELINE LAND
SURVEYING, INC.
PROJECT I I 0388
5023 IV . \20th Ave ., #153 , Sroomf ield Co 80020 (JOJ) 457-J954
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Page 14 of 132
EXHIBIT
LOCATED IN THE SW 1/4 OF SECTION 16,
TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH, RANGE 68 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M.
CITY OF LITTLETON, COUNTY OF ARAPAHOE, STATE OF COLORADO
SHEET 2 OF 2
LITILETON BOULEVARD
(100' PUBLIC R.O.W.) S89" 47' 10'W a
24.82' ~
Nag· 47' 10"E 247.40'
s20• 19·05w
50.24'
S25" 13'36W
15.71'
CENTERLINE LICENSE
N64" 46' 24-W 2s.oo· Scale: 1" = 40'
40 20 0 40
BASELINE LAND
SURVEYING, INC.
PROJECT I 10388
5023 'II. \20th Ave ., #153, Broomfield Co 80020 (303) 457-3964
Page 15of132
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SCALE: 1• = 30'
OftJGltw. GRAPHIC SCALE
N asaumGS no 111sponslblllly lor ulll~y locatloru.
non this drawing have been plolled from lho
trmallon. It II, however, tho a>nlmclOfll
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menl of any constsucllon.
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COUNCIL COMMUNICATION
Meeting Date: Agenda Item: Subject:
November 21, 2016 Rite-Aid -707 E. Jefferson
Ave., Amended -Vacation of
Existing Sewer Easement and
Grant of Sewer Easement
Initiated By: Staff Source:
Utilities Department Tom Brennan, Director of Utilities
PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION
Council approval of the original Vacation of Sewer Easement, Grant of Sewer Easement
Agreement and Grant of Temporary Construction Easement to KRF-965 LLC.
RECOMMENDED ACTION
The Utilities staff recommends Council approval of the Vacation of Existing Sewer Easement
and Grant of Sewer Easement and Grant of Temporary Construction Easement for construction
of the Rite-Aid building.
BACKGROUND, ANALYSIS, AND ALTERNATIVES IDENTIFIED
KRF 965 LLC purchased the former Baily's property located at 285 and Clarkson St. They are
proposing to build a Rite-Aid store and reconfiguring the property for the most advantageous
use of the site. KRF 965 submitted a request to exchange the existing 20' wide Sewer Easement
and will be establishing a new 20' wide Sewer Easement. The Grant of Temporary Construction
License allows construction during the easement of way exchange.
The Englewood Water Board, at their November 8, 2016 meeting, approved the Grant of
Easement Vacation, Easement Agreement and Grant of Temporary Construction License to KRF
965 LLC. Council approved the original Exchange of ROW, Grant of ROW and Grant of
Temporary Construction License at their March 14, 2016 meeting. It was later discovered that
the 20' easement must be shifted 1.2' to the south to prevent it from being in the building's
foundation.
FINANCIAL IMPACT
Exchanging the existing sewer easement and the construction for rerouting the sewer into the
new easement will be done at the sole expense and liability of the licensee, KRF 965 LLC.
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Bill for Ordinance
Vacation of Existing Sewer Easement and Grant of Sewer Easement
Page 17of132
EXHIBIT "A"
VACATION OF EXISTING
SEWER EASEMENT
LEGAL DESCRIPTION FOR SEWER EASEMENT:
A PARCEL OF LAND LOCATED IN THE NORTHEAST }4. OF SECTION 3, TOWNSHIP 5
SOUTH, RANGE 68 WEST OF THE 6TH P.M., BEING A PORTION OF LOT 2, BLOCK 1,
JEFFCLARK SUBDIVISION, BEING MORE PARTICULARLY DESCRIBED AS FOLLOWS:
COMMENCING AT THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION 3 BEARS; THENCE
S2T24'39"W, 645.32 FEET TO A POINT ON THE WEST LINE OF SAID LOT 2, SAID POINT
ALSO BEING ON THE EAST RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF SOUTH WASHINGTON STREET;
THENCE S89"45'53"E, 124.87 FEET TO A POINT; THENCE soo·12'11 "w, 20.00 FEET;
THENCE N89"45'53"W, 124.88 FEET TO A POINT ON THE WEST LINE OF SAID LOT 2,
SAID POINT ALSO BEING ON THE EAST RIGHT-OF-WAY LINE OF SOUTH WASHINGTON
STREET; THENCE N00"14'07"E ALONG SAID WEST LINE OF SAID LOT 2, 20.00 FEET TO
THE POINT OF BEGINNING .
THE ABOVE DESCRIBED PARCEL CONTAINS 2,498 SQUARE FEET OR 0.0573 ACRES
MORE OR LESS .
BASIS OF BEARINGS: AN ASSUMED BEARING OF S00"13'03"W BEING THE EAST LINE OF
THE NORTHEAST )4 NORTHEAST )4 OF SECTION 3, TOWNSHIP 5 SOUTH, RANGE 68 WEST
OF THE 6TH P.M. BETWEEN TWO FOUND MONUMENTS; ONE BEING A 1.5" DIAMETER
STEEL AXLE AT THE NORTHEAST CORNER OF SAID SECTION AND THE OTHER BEING A
2" DIAMETER ALUMINUMCAP STAMPED LS #27011 IN A RANGE BOX AT THE SOUTHEAST
CORNER OF THE NORTHEAST )4 NORTHEAST )4.
DAMIEN CAIN PLS 38284
FOR AND ON BEHALF OF
39 NORTH ENGINEERING AND SURVEYING LLC
4495 HALE PARKWAY
SUITE 305
DENVER , CO 80220
PREPARED BY:
39 NORTH ENGINEERING AND SURVEYING LLC
4495 HALE PARKWAY
SUITE 305
DENVER, CO 80220
PH : 303-325-5071
EMAIL : damien .cain@39north .net
SHEET 1 OF 2
Page 18of132
I
I
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0
EXHIBIT II A II
VACATION OF EXISTING
SEWER EASEMENT
NORTHEAST CORNER
SEC. 3, T5S, R68W
FOUND 1.5" AXLE
IN RANGE BO X
POINT OF
COMMENCEMENT
POINT OF
BEGINNING LOT 2, BLOCK 1
JEFFCLARK SUBDIVISION
124.88'
N89"45'53"W
VACATED ALLEY rl
SWR . & UTIL . ESMT .
BK 1753 PG 486
EAST JEFFERSON AVENUE
(HAMPDEN AVENUE BYPASS)
30 60 --------SCALE : 1 "=30'
/
/
SHEET 2 OF 2
Page 19of132
Date
November 21, 2016
INITIATED BY
Utilities Department Staff
COUNCIL COMMUNICATION
Agenda Item Subject
Allen Plant Alum Residuals Risk
Assessment
STAFF SOURCE
Tom Brennan, Director of Utilities
COUNCIL GOAL AND PREVIOUS COUNCIL ACTION
City Council requested a study be performed to access the potential risk of harm to plant workers and
the adjacent neighbors from exposure to Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive
Materials (TENORMS) in the water treatment residuals generated at the plant, and to evaluate the
Allen Water Treatment Plant's residuals management practices, from generation through processing,
storage and disposal.
RECOMMENDED ACTION
The Englewood Water and Sewer Board, at their November 8, 2016 meeting recommended Council
approval, by motion, of the proposal from Integral Consulting, Inc . for RFP-16-020, Risk Assessment
for Allen Water Filter Treatment Plant Water Treatment Residuals and Technologically Enhanced
Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORMs) Management in the amount of $111,675.00.
BACKGROUND, ANALYSIS, AND ALTERNATIVES IDENTIFIED
While the drinking water produced at the Allen Water Treatment Plant meets all drinking water
standards, there are low levels of naturally occurring radionuclides in the source water that are
removed through treatment and ultimately reside in the residuals generated at the plant. These
residuals are considered Technologically-Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials
(TENORM) and have additional disposal considerations based on the Colorado Department of Public
Health and Environment (CDPHE) regulatory requirements.
The proposal brings together a team of a scientist and engineers from three companies, Integral
Consulting Inc., Dewberry Engineers Inc. and Two Lines Inc . to provide experience in performing risk
assessments, evaluating radionuclide health effects and design and evaluation of water treatment
processes and residuals handling and disposal.
The Scope of Work will include:
Task 1 -Risk Assessment using Dose Reconstruction from Historical Data
Task 2 -Evaluate Residuals Management Practices, Including Risk Assessment
Task 3 -Rough Order of Magnitude Estimates for Residuals Management Alternatives
Task 4 -Final Report and Presentation
Task 5 -Project Management
Page 20 of 132
FINANCIAL IMPACT
Integral Consulting's total project cost is $111, 676.00. The original proposal amount was more and
was amended per additional scope clarification provided by the Utilities Department staff resulting in a
14% cost reduction ($17,865.00).
LIST OF ATTACHMENTS
Contract
Report -Revised Proposal for Services -AFP-16020, Risk Assessment for Allen Water Filter
Treatment Plant Water Treatment Residuals and TENORMs Management.
Allen Pl Residuals Risk Assessment 2017
Page 21 of 132
October 26, 2016
Tom Brennan
Director
City of Englewood Utilities Department
1000 Englewood Parkway
Englewood, CO 80110-2373
Integral Consulting Inc.
285 Century Pla ce
Suite 190
Lo uisv ill e, CO 800 27
tele pho n e: 303 .404.2944
fa cs imile: 303 .404.2945
www.integral-corp.com
Subject: Revised Proposal for Services-RFP-16-020, Risk Assessment for Allen Water
Filter Treatment Plant Water Treatment Residuals and TENORMs
Management
Dear Mr. Brennan:
Integral Consulting Inc. (Integral) and its teammates are pleased to submit a revised
proposal in response to the City of Englewood Utilities Department (CEUD) RFP No. RFP-
16-020, Risk Assessment for Allen Water Filter Treatment Plant Water Treatment Residuals and
Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORMs) Management.
We have updated our original cost proposal (submitted on September 22, 2016) based on
additional scope clarification information provided by you via a telephone call on October
6, 2016, and a follow-up email on October 18, 2016 . These scope changes resulted in a 14%
($17,865) cost reduction relative to our original proposed budget. The new estimated cost is
$111,675.
Based on the information you provided that a meeting with the Allen Water Filter
Treatment Plant staff will not be part of the project scope, Integral reduced the cost estimate
for Task 4B (Presentation to City Council and Public) and removed the anticipated labor
and travel costs for Barbara Trenary, a Certified Industrial Hygienist experienced with
worker communications and radioactive materials. Ms. Trenary is available to provide a
supporting role for the Integral project team if such an individual is needed for this project.
Page 22 of 132
Tom Brennan
City of Englewood
October 26, 2016
Page2
Thank you for this opportunity to present our project team and approach to the CEUD, and
to refine our proposal to best meet the goals and expectations of the CEUD. If you have
additional questions, please contact me at 970-682-2184 extension 113 or
awconovitz@integral-corp.com.
Sincerely,
Alice Conovitz
Managing Scien tist
Enclosure
Page 23 of 132
www . integral· corp . com
Risk Assessment for Allen Water
Filter Treatment Plant Water
Treatment Residuals and
TENORMs Management
RFP-16-020
Proposal for Services
Prepared for
City of Englewood
1000 Englewood Parkway
Englewood, CO 80110-2373
Prepared by
Integral Consulting Inc.
285 Century Place, Suite 101
Louisville, CO 80027
Dewberry Engineers
990 S. Broadway, Suite 400
Denver, CO 80209
October 26 , 2016
Two Lines, Inc.
896 Overview Road
Grand Junction, CO 81506
Health • Environment •Technology •Sustainability
Page 24 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant Ci ty of Englewood , RFP-16-020
Contents
1 Project Understanding ....•.•••....•..••....•...•...•..........••..•....•........••.......• 3
Introducti on .................................................................................. 3
Su mmary of Technical Approach .......................................................... 4
2 Project Team ••••••••••••.•••..•....••.•...••..•..•..••..••.•...••••••••••.•••••••••.•••..••. 5
Rol es and Responsibilities .................................................................. 6
Key Personnel ................................................................................ 6
3 Scope of Work and Execution Plan ...•••••..••...•••••.•.••.••..•••.•.••••.•••••••••••.. 9
Tas k 1-Risk Assessment Us i ng Dose Reconstruction f rom Historical Data ........ 10
Tas k 2 -Evaluate Residuals Management Practices , Including Risk Assessment.. 13
Tas k 3 -Rough Orde r of Magn i tude Estimates for Residuals Management
Alte rnatives ................................................................................. 14
Task 4 -Final Report and Presentation ................................................. 16
4 Cost Proposal .••..•......•...••..•....••..•.••..•....•...••.•................•........•.... 18
5 Descriptions of Previous Work .•...••.....•...•.•...••.•.•.•.••.•••.••.••..•••••....•.•. 18
Ri sk Assessment Serv i ces for the Northeast Church Rock Si te, New Mexico ...... 19
Ri sk Assessment Serv i ces for a Former Uranium Mine , Alas ka ...................... 21 . .
Wo rk Plan fo r Streamlined Human and Ecological Risk Evaluations , Arizona ..... 21
Ru eter -Hess Water Purification Facility, Parker Water and Sanitation District,
Color ado .................................................................................... 21
Be al eton Water Trea t ment Plant , Fauquier County Water and Sanitation
Au t hority, Vi r gi nia ......................................................................... 22
6 Conclusion ••••.•••.••.••...•.....•.••...•.........................•...•....•.•.......•.....• 22
7 References ..............•..•.•••••.•••.••.•••••..•.•••..•.•..•.......•....•.............•.• 23
Attachme nt A. Resumes for Key Project Staff
Attachment B. Integral Staff Work Product Example -Work Plan Memorandum for
the Preparation of the Refined Human Health Risk Assessment to Support the
EE/CA of the Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
l11 tegral Co11o;11/ti11g Inc. Pa ge 2
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Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
1 Project Understanding
Introduction
This proposal responds to th e City of Englewood Utilities Department's (CEUD's) r e quest for proposal
(RFP) for a worker and re si dential health assessment and treatment plant residuals management
evaluation for the Allen Water Treatment Plant (RFP-16-020). We appreciate the opportunity to respond
to this request and believe that our team offers the City an unmatched set of qualifications based on
extensive technical expertise and a strong commitment to service.
We understand that the City of Englewood operates the
Allen Water Treatment Plant to provide clean drinking
water to the more than 55,000 residents and businesses in
the surrounding community. At the Allen Water
Treatment Plant, raw water is trea ted with addition of
alum to enhance coagulation and precipitation of fin e
particles and disso lved constituents, the n filter e d through
granular activated carbon for finishing. Residual solids
from the water treatment process are stored temporarily
as sediments under water in a small, onsite outdoor
reservoir . When sufficient amounts of treatment residuals
have accumulated, they are re moved from the outdoor
reservoir and the damp residuals are spread within a
walled, open-topped concrete storage pad onsite for
drying. The dried residuals are disposed at a Subtitle C
hazardous waste facility approximately 80 miles from the
treatment plant.
Allen Water Treatment Plant
(Ph oto Credit: City of Englewood)
The Allen Water Treatment Plant's primary raw water source is the South Platte River, which is mainly
fed by releases from Chatfield Reservoir and tributaries flowing from mineralized areas west of the City.
The Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) present in the intake water at low levels are
concentrated in the waste residuals produced by the treatment process. The waste residuals contain
Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (TENORMs), which can expose
workers and the public to small increases of radiation and which require handling and disposal as
haza rdous waste. As is ty pical for a surface water source with NORM, the radiological chemical levels in
the source water vary over time, which in turn affects the levels of TENORMs in plant residuals, as does
variations in th e treatmen t processes (USEPA 2005, 2011a).
The Allen Water Treatmen t Plant's treatment residuals are routinely analyzed for toxicity characteristic
leaching procedure metal s, uranium, radium-226, radium-228, gross alpha emissions, and gross beta
emissions. The radiological results for the treatment residual samples collected in 2011 , 2014, and 2016
are summarized below, based upon the reports from ACZ Laboratories (Englewood City Council
Request Update dated July 28, 2016):
l11tegral Con,;11/ting Inc. Page3
Page 26 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16 -020
• Gross alpha: 48 to 140 pCi/g (mean: 94 pCi/g)
• Gross beta: 91 to 250 pCi/g (mean: 142 pCi/g)
• Radium-226: 2 .4 to 6.1 pCi/g (mean: 4.3 pCi/g)
• Radium-228: 0.71 to 6.8 pCi/g (mean: 3 .3 pCi/g).
These records show that the concentrations in the plant residuals have varied by a factor of 2 to 3 (except
for radium-228) over these three sampling events. The radium levels are consistent with what has b een
reported in drinking water treatment solids from other facilities (e.g., USEP A 2005).
Recent media coverage (e .g., CBS News 4 television reports aired on June 6 and July 5, 2016, and an
article in the Highlands Ranch Herald on August 1, 2016) and a denied worker's compensation suit filed
by a plant worker have raised concerns about possible health risks to workers and local residents from
exposures to TENORMs during residuals processing and handling. This proposal was developed to
address the need by the CEUD to assess the potential risk of harm to plant workers and the public from
exposure to TENORMs in water treatment residuals, and to evaluate the Allen Water Treatment Plant's
residuals management practices, from generation through processing, storage, and disposal, for
compliance with state regulations and best management practices (BMPs). This proposal also
summarizes how we will evaluate alternatives to the current residuals handling practices.
Summary of Technical Approach
Our proposal brings together a team of scientists and engineers from three companies, Integral
Consulting Inc. (Integral), Dewberry Engineers Inc. (Dewberry), and Two Lines Inc . (Two Lin es), to
provide exemplary experience in performing risk assessments, evaluating radionuclide health effects,
and design and evaluation of water treatment processes and residuals handling and disposal.
In addition to an applied knowledge of relevant science and engineering skills, effective communication
of complex issues to plant managers, concerned workers, and the general public is essential. Effective
risk communication fosters transparency and builds trust by informing community members about the
process of risk assessment and management so that they can develop a realistic understanding of possible
hazards.
At the h eart of our approach is an expert technical analysis of the data that have been compiled or are
otherwise available, coupled with a data-driven assessment of potential historical and future TENORM
exposures and health risks within the context of regulatory and r e gional/background levels . We apply
our expertise in health assessment modeling and d ose reconstruction to first assess the likelihood of
worker or residential injury. Our technical analyses will provide a solid understanding of the potential
TEN ORM exposures and risk consequences for workers and residents, the implications of any key
uncertainties in the assessments, and compliance with state regulations. Based on the results of our
technical analyses, we will identify residuals best management practices, and develop preliminary
recommendations of alternatives to the current residuals management practices that include
consideration of resulting changes in TENORM exposures and risks. As described in this proposal, we
l11t egral C011s11/ting lnc. Pnge4
Page 27 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
offer a technically sound approach, depth of experience, and a fresh, external perspective to support the
CEUD with their residuals risk evaluation.
2 Project Team
Our proposed team of scientists and engineers provides a multidisciplinary yet streamlined team that
combines extensive experience with radionuclide health effects along with in-depth knowledge of risk
assessment models (including RESRAD), water treatment processes, residuals handling and disposal,
and the Colorado regulatory framework. The collaboration of Integral, Dewberry, and Two Lines staff
provides the CEUD with an unmatched team that furnishes the breadth and depth of knowledge and
expertise necessary to complete a comprehensive evaluation of the potential for human health risk
associated with the Allen Water Treatment Plant residuals, as well as residuals management compliance
and alternatives. Alice Conovitz, who recently worked with the Littleton/Englewood Wastewater
Treatment Plant, will lead the collaborative project team and will serve as a key liaison with the CEUD to
facilitate communication of project status and timely completion of analyses and deliverables. This
sensible approach leverages the project team's existing knowledge to maximize productivity and cost-
effectiveness.
Integral offers a full range of scientific and engineering consulting for industry, the public sector, utilities,
nonprofits, and law firms. Since our founding in 2002, we have helped clients solve their specific
environmental, health, technology, and sustainability challenges while developing and maintaining
effective relationships with regulators and the public. Many of our staff are recognized leaders in their
fields, serving as resources for reviews of government policies and as expert witnesses for law firms.
Technical specialties include toxicology, ecology, aquatic science, biomonitoring, environmental and
atmospheric chemistry, geology and hydrogeology, and data management and statistics, as well as civil,
geotechnical, environmental, hydrologic, and geologic engineering. We are known for providing cost-
effective solutions to the complex technical challenges faced by our clients across a wide variety of public
and private sectors, assisting them in project planning and management, regulatory strategy
development, technical peer review, and expert services for litigation.
Dewberry is a national engineering firm with a proven history of providing professional services to a
wide variety of public-and private-sector clients. Recognized for combining unsurpassed commitment to
client service with deep subject matter expertise, Dewberry is dedicated to solving clients' most complex
challenges and transforming their communities. Established in 1956, Dewberry is headquartered in
Fairfax, Virginia, with more than 40 locations and 2,000 professionals nationwide. The key project staff
for this proposal are located in Dewberry's Denver office. Dewberry's steady growth and ability to
provide the capabilities, capacity, and geographic presence to serve a diverse client base has made the
company an industry leader, as demonstrated by the latest Engineering News-Record rankings as a top
firm in multiple categories.
Two Lines was founded by Dr. Craig A Little in 2006. Two Lines specializes in working with
organizations with difficult radiation protection, characterization, or remedial action problems. Dr. Little
builds on his experience as the former head of the Environmental Technology Section of the Department
llltegral Ccm,;11/ting In c. Pages
Page 28 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood , RFP-16-020
of Energy's Grand Junction office of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory to solve complex problems in
timely and budget-sensitive manne rs .
Roles and Responsibilities
Our proposed project team (see Figure 1) will be led by Dr. Marcia Greenblatt as Principal-in-Charge and
Alice Conovitz as Project Manager. We have grouped our services into three categories, risk assessment,
process evaluation, and risk communication, each with a dedicated and experienced task leader to
coordinate activities in those areas-respectively, Dr. John Samuelian, Michael Lutz, P.E ., and Dr. Craig
Little . These individuals will be assisted in turn by Integral's technical support staff who will provide
both additional technical specialties and cost-effective staffing for labor-intensive activities such as data
management and analysis and deliverables preparation . Biographical information and experience for the
key project team members is provided below; complete resumes are available in Attachment A.
Key Personnel
Marcia Greenblatt, Ph.D ., P.E., Principal-in-Charge
Dr. Marcia Greenblatt is the proposed principal-in-charge for the project team. In this role, Dr . Greenblatt
provides ultimate coordination and oversight of all members of the proposed project team, to ensure the
achievement of all project needs and quality assurance. Dr. Greenblatt is a water resources engineer with
18 years of specialized experience in hydrodynamic, water quality, and sediment investigations. Dr.
Greenblatt has managed or served as senior technical reviewer on several large sediment investigation
and modeling projects for potentially responsible party groups, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
(USA CE), and individual parties in the mining, steel, and other industrial sectors. Dr. Greenblatt
specializes in designing and managing site investiga tions and feasibility studies, and has directed
multidisciplinary projects pertaining to soil, sediment, solid waste, surface water, and groundwater
quality and on developing remedial strategies for such sites . Dr. Greenblatt has designed and performed
several modeling studies, applying both simple and complex numerical models, to predict hydrodynamic
flows, sediment erosion, t ransport and deposition, chemical fate and transport, and water quality.
Recently, Dr. Greenblatt led the expansion and recalibration of a water quality model to support
assessment of total maximum daily load alternatives for the Barr Lake and Milton Reservoir Watershed
Association, a watershed stakeholder organization based in Brighton, Colorado.
Alice Conovitz, Project Manager
Ms. Alice Conovitz is the proposed project manager for the Allen Plant risk assessment project. As
project manager, Ms. Conovitz will be the primary point-of-contact for the City of Englewood and will
oversee the project budget and schedule. Ms. Conovitz is a consultant in watershed, aquatic chemistry,
and mining-and nutrient-related watershed issues . She has more than 12 years of experience in
watershed sciences, including project management, discharge permit compliance evaluation, assessment
of contaminant transport through groundwater, estimation of loading to streams, and analysis of
contaminant sorption on sediments. Ms. Conovitz has developed mine permit application packages,
coordinated watershed stakeholder organizations, authored multidimensional watershed management
plans, and written winning proposals for multiple federal and state watershed grants. She has also
/11tegral C011,11/ti11g l11c. Page 6
Page 29 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
analyzed large, multiyear data sets in support of human health and ecological risk assessment
deve lopment at a former w oo d treatment site . Ms. Conovitz has successfully managed multiple complex
and time-sensitive proj ec ts. Her recent work includes managing water quality analysis, reporting, and
support for two different mine exploration proj ec ts in Alaska, as well as data analysis, testimony
preparation, and site-specific water quality standards proposals for the Littleton/E nglewood Wastewater
Treatment Plant in Colorado. She managed technical staff located in five Integral offices in a large,
multiyear data quality assurance effort for marine water, oil, sediment, and biota data collected following
the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico . This project involved frequent public data posting
deadlines and continuous collaboration between several consulting firms. Rece ntly, she served as project
manager and technical lead for an Integral team that provided extensive third-party review of analytical
chemistry data records to identify and evaluate the impacts of improper laboratory practices for ultimate
disclosure to the Office of Inspector General for three federal agencies. Ms. Conovitz is a recipient of the
Environmental Protec tion Agency National Notable Achievement Award for h e r role in development of
a watershed manage ment plan for the Lefthand Watershed oversight group. She has also served as
coordinator of a nonprofit watershed stakeholder association and was author of The Barr Lake/Milton
Reservoir Watershed Management Plan, which was selected b y the Denver Regional Council of
Governments as the Gold Winner in the 2008 Local Governments Innovations Awards Program category
of "Planning with Vision ."
Craig Little, Ph .D., Two Lines, Inc., Health Physicist
Dr. Little has bee n professi onally involved in radiation health physics, chemical site assessment, risk
assessment, and remedial ac tion for over 35 years. Dr. Little will serve as a senior technical advisor to
risk assessment analyses and risk communication activities including public meetings. He has had
considerable experience in assessing environmental contamination and potential human health risk from
facilities such as uranium mills . Since 2006, Dr. Little has been Principal of Two Lines, Inc., which
specializes in environmental radiation protection services and health risk assessm ents. Two Lines
performs risk assessments and dose calculations for a wide variety of clients, many of which are involved
in uranium recovery operations. He has contributed to publication of technical basis documents for
development of historical dose reconstructions for the Energy Employee Occupational Illness
Compensation Act for the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. In 2010, Dr. Little led a
team that developed and performed a 4-week training course for staff of the Texas Commission on
Environmental Quality and regulated uranium industry staff. In 2012 , Dr. Little led a multidisciplinary
team that advised th e Virginia Department of Health and developed a regulato ry framework for uranium
mining and milling in the s tate.
Dr. Little was head of the Environmental Technology Section (ETS) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory for
18 years, managing as many as 65 staff. ETS staff completed radiation surveys on over 12,000 public and
private properties nationwide under the Departme nt of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action
Project. In addition, staff of the section evaluated and summarized the efficiency of numerous novel
remediation technologies for radiological and chemical contamination at over a dozen Department of
Defense and Department of Energy sites. As Manager of Western Operations of the Advanced
Infrastructure Management Technologies organization, Dr. Little was responsible for the performance of
/11tegral Co11<11lting Inc. Page 7
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Allen Water Treatmen t Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16 -020
approximately 25 project managers and tedmical staff located in Sacramento, California, and Grand
Junction, Colorado.
Dr. Little served as an adjunct professor in the Department of Radiological Health Sciences of Colorado
State University from 1988 until 1995. He is Editor-in-Chief of Operational Radiation Safety, an Associate
Editor of Health Physics, and served a member of the Board of Directors of the Health Physics Society.
He has authored and coauthored over 70 publications on environmental health and safety, environmental
transport modeling, and risk assessment, and has taught short courses on environmental radiation and
radiation biology .
John Samuelian, Ph.D., Lead Risk Assessor
Dr. John Samuelian is the proposed risk assessment lead for the Allen Water Treatment Plant residuals
evaluation. He brings 29 years of experience in environmental consulting, environmental and analytical
chemistry, database development and management, human and ecological risk assessments, quality
assurance, site investigation design, and remedial alternatives evaluation. He has served as
environmental chemjst, senior ta sk leader, project manager, senior tedmical reviewer or QA/QC officer
for a number of remedial investigations and feasibility studies; remedial designs; remedial action
construction projects; human and ecological risk assessments; commercial product risk assessments;
aquatic ecology studies; manufactured gas plant sites; abandoned mine sites; and private well surveys.
Several of these projects have included presenting at public meetings. He has worked on projects with a
wide variety of recalcitrant and non-recalcitrant chemicals, including PCBs, PCDD/Fs, PCNs, heavy
metals, volatile and semivolatile organics, pesticides, petroleum products, energetic compounds,
pharmaceuticals, and radionuclides. His focus on human health risk assessments is principally related to
exposure assessment and probabilistic risk assessment. His background in environmental chemistry has
played a significant role in exposure assessment, particularly in regards to product stewardship. He is
familiar with standard risk assessment software such as the RESRAD model, which is used to assess
potential human health and ecological risks at radiological waste sites. Dr. Samuelian has provided
support for projects throughout the U.S. for public and private sector clients.
Michael Lutz, Professional Engineer, Dewberry Engineers
Mr. Mike Lutz is the proposed leader of the evaluation of the Allen Water Treatment Plant alum residuals
generation, handling, and disposal process, as well as process alternatives review. Mr. Lutz's varied
career brings unparalleled experience with water and wastewater facilities in Colorado and beyond, and
includes planning, pilot studies, design, and construction engineering services. He has a proven track
record of out-of-the-box thinking and analysis that has enabled him to design tmique treatment processes
to handle unusual treatment issues. He Jed the evaluation and design of the first ceramic membrane
drinking water system in the U.S., for the Parker Water and Sanitation District in Colorado. Mr. Lutz also
designed one of the first few ballasted sedimentation processes in the U.S. He has designed unique
multistage odor control systems for severe odor sources. He designed one of the first systems to heat and
cool buildings using wastewater as the heat source and heat sink. Mr. Lutz served on committees that
revised the Colorado Design Criteria for Wastewater Facilities adopted in 2002 and 2012. He served as
the primary author of the Solids Treatment section of the Design Criteria developed in 2012. His project
designs have been awarded two Engineering Excellence Awards and a Grand Conceptor Award from the
l11tegral Co11>11lting Inc. Pages
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Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood , RFP-16-020
American Consulting Engineers Council and the 2016 Grand Prize for Environmental Sustainability from
the American Academy of Environmental Engineers & Scientists for design of the Rueter-Hess Water
Purification Facility. Mr. Lutz served as project manager for several projects for the City of Englewood
including work on the forebay reservoir at the Allen Water Treatment Plant, and for a major upgrade and
expansion of the Littleton/Englewood Wastewater Treatment Plant in Colorado.
James Lape, Senior Science Advisor
Mr. James Lape has more than 25 years of experience in the health risk assessment and environmental
science fields. His expertise in human health risk assessment includes fate and transport modeling,
exposure assessment, risk characterization, and uncertainty analysis. Mr. Lape has served as an expert in
several cases involving emissions, dispersion, and deposition of air toxics. He serves as the technical lead
in negotiations with regulatory agencies on behalf of clients and provides risk communication to
scientific and layperson audiences. During his career, he has worked in the areas of risk assessment,
environmental modeling, litigation support, environmental health and safety, and product stewardship.
His modeling experience includes air dispersion modeling for a proposed uranium enrichment plant,
development of exposure point concentrations for biosolids application, and emissions and dispersion
modeling for the Rocky Flats facility in Colorado. Mr. Lape will support risk assessment activities
including dose reconstruction and exposure pathway analysis.
Barbara Trenary, CIH, Certified Industrial Hygienist
Ms. Barbara Trenary is a Certified Industrial Hygienist with 37 years of experience in the fields of
comprehensive industrial hygiene, hazardous materials, indoor air quality, ambient and indoor air
monitoring, environmental and structural remediation, training, and program development and
evaluation. She has created and managed health and safety policies and procedures at four Fortune 400
companies and at numerous project sites. Ms. Trenary's technical experience includes comprehensive
industrial hygiene assessments of individual and community exposure, microbial growth, asbestos,
volatile organic compounds, fire odors and residues, accidental releases, methamphetamine
contamination, sewer backups, tear gas residues, heavy metals, contamination of shipments, and tobacco
smoke residues. She has managed demolition and remediation projects at radioactively contaminated
sites in Colorado and New York, and serv:ed as a subject matter expert for public and occupational health
at an in situ uranium recovery site. Ms. Trenary is available to provide a supporting role for the Integral
project team on an as-needed basis.
Detailed resumes for the staff described above are provided in Attachment A.
3 Scope of Work and Execution Plan
To evaluate the potential for human health risks from TENORMs and the Allen Water Treatment Plant
residuals process from generation to disposal, the project team will perform the tasks listed below. These
tasks are consistent with those presented in RFP-16-020 (dated September 1, 2016) and the responses to
bidder questions, which were received on September 20 and 21, 2016, as Addendums 1 and 2 to the RFP.
Further clarification on scoping uncertainties was provided via email from Utilities Director Tom
Brennan on October 18, 2016. The RFP did not specify a timetable for these efforts, but it is anticipated
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that this scope of work will require 6 months to complete following receipt of the treatment solids
TENORM data from the CEUD. Table 1 presents the key project task milestones. The project team is
prepared to begin work immediately after a contract is in place and authorization to proceed has been
received from the CEUD .
We recommend frequent communications between the CEUD and the project team to support open
dialogue on project status and to solicit client input. We propose an onsite project kick-off meeting and
facility tour to be attended in person by Integral project manager Alice Conovitz, Dewberry lead engineer
Mike Lutz, and health physicist Dr. Craig Little. Integral will provide regular monthly project status
updates to CEUD; additionally, we recommend a conference call between CEUD and the project team
following completion of analyses for Tasks l, 2, and 3, described below.
Task 1-Risk Assessment Using Dose Reconstruction from Historical Data
This task has two main subtasks: 1) preparation of risk assessments, and 2) contribution to the final
report. The proposed approach and key assumptions for each subtask are discussed individually below.
Subtask 1. 1: Risk Assessments
We will conduct human health risk assessments for site workers and nearby residents from potential
exposures to TENORMs present in the treatment plant residuals. This information will be conveyed in a
report to the CEUD and also as a presentation to the facility workers and a separate presentation to the
Englewood City Council and public.
The risk assessment results will provide the information needed to understand the potential for adverse
health effects based on the TENORM exposure pathways identified for historical and current facility
practices. The worker and off-facility resident risk assessments will be prepared in accordance with
relevant portions of The U.S . Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA' s) radiological risk assessment
guidance, which was developed to support radiological risk assessments of Superfund sites (USEPA
2014a,b).1 The primary components are briefly discussed below:
1. Conceptual Site Model (CSM): Review available information to ensure that it is adequate to
complete the risk assessments; identify contaminant sources, transport mechanisms, potentially
impacted media, recep to rs that could come into contact with those media, and complete exposure
routes for each of those receptors.
In Addendum 1 to the RFP, the CEUD defines the area of adjoining residential neighborhoods as
500 feet from the plant solids storage area . In cases where an area is not explicitly defined, a
surrogate value of 0.5 mile (2,500 feet) from a sludge disposal area is often used (e.g., ISCORS
2005). TI1e relative distance from the treatment solids handling and staging areas at the facili ty is
important to estimate the TENORM concentrations that may be present in the residential areas.
1 These represent the most recent updates to earlier EPA radiological risk assessment guidance, such as that
presented in Chapter 10 of the Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund , Part A (USEPA 1989).
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2. Data Processing and Analysis: Input historical TENORM data into Microsoft Excel or Microsoft
Access; data are available in nine analytical reports for a period of record from 2005 to 2016 .2
Statistically analyze the available analytical data to derive appropriate exposure concentrations
and/or emissions m odeling inputs.
3. Exposure Assessment: Select appropriate equations and exposure paramete rs in order to estimate
reasonable maximum exposure (RME) daily chemical intakes for all complete exposure pathways
for each of the evaluated receptors.
4. Toxicity Assessment: Ionizing radiation can cause other detrimental health impacts, but only
radiogenic cancer risk is normally considered in CERCLA radiological risk assessments (USEP A
2014a). Integral has assumed that non-cancer effects will not be evaluated as part of this project.
5. Risk Characterization: Calculate cancer risks for each evaluated receptor using average daily
chemical intakes and appropriate toxicity metrics for each radiological parameter.
6. UncertainhJ Analysis: Conduct a semi-quantitative uncertainty analysis for each component of the
risk assessments in order to provide proper p e rspective to risk management d ecision-makers.
Integral proposes to use the computer model RESRAD (version 7.2) to assess potential human health
radiological risks .3 The RESRAD computer model is a suite of programs designed by Argonne National
Laboratory (on behalf of the U.S. Department of Energy) to estima te radiation doses and risks from
residual radionuclides (Yu et al. 2001; Yu 2012). The program is flexible, allowing adjus tments for
specific exposure situations, and can be used to perform probabilistic and uncertainty analyses .
Radiological risk assessments are complicated by the need for the dose calculation to account for decay
products and ingrowth (i .e ., increasing levels of daughter products as source material decays) and
resulting changes in exposure over time. Decay and ingrowth are accounted for in the RESRAD dose
calculations.
RESRAD has been used for many years-to assess radiological risks by the Department of Energy, Nuclear
Regulatory Commission, EPA, state agencies, and the international community (Yu 2012). Although
these applications have generally focused on nuclear facilities, facilities that have handled radiological
materials, and mine sites, there are examples where it has been used to assess low level NORM or
TENORM evaluations. ISCORS (2005) used RESRAD to estimate potential risks to workers handling
sewage sludge and residences from land applications of sewage sludge containing radioactive materials.
Kleinschmidt and Akber (2008) used RESRAD to estimate potential risks to residences from beneficial re-
use of drinking water treatment solids (e.g., as soil amendments) or landfill disposal in Australia.
2 We assume that the data provided will not need any additional data quality review by Integral staff.
3 RESRAD does not calcu late non-radiological risks of radionuclides (e.g., uranium). The latter was not included in
this proposal. The RESRAD s uite of programs can be accessed from this URL:
https://we b.evs .anl.gov /res rad/RESRAD _Family I
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There are other models available to assess radiological risks, including PRESTO CLNCPG, GENII, and
DandD, but these are not available in the public domain, do not address as many exposure pathways as
RESRAD, and are not as widely used and accepted (ISCORS 2005).
Figure 2 shows the main components of the RESRAD suite of programs. The RESRAD main program,
RESRAD-BUILD, and RESRAD-OFFSITE are the primary components proposed for use in this project.
The RESRAD main program will be used to assess exposures via multiple exposure routes (ingestion,
dermal contact, and dust inhalation) of the treatment solids in the outdoor environment. RESRAD-BUILD
assesses radiological risks to workers exposed in buildings, and will be used if there is handling of the
sludge in confined spaces . RESRAD-OFFSITE assesses radiological risks to humans from soils and other
environmental media. It includes pathways such as incidental soil ingestion and ingestion via the
consumption of plants grown in gardens. The default assumptions in the RESRAD programs will be
adjusted to reflect location-specific information on worker or residential exposure assumptions. For
example, RESRAD assigns a default dust concentration of 200 µg/m 3, which may be modified if location-
specific information is available.
Table 2 outlines the potential exposure pathways that are anticipated for this proposed project. For site
workers, the key exposure pathways that will be assessed include those related to residuals handling
following water treatment, during storage, and preparation for transport. For nearby residents, the key
exposure pathways are all indirect-i.e., they require migration of sludge material from the facility to the
off-facility properties. The primary pathways for nearby residents are inhalation exposures to wind-
borne dusts released from the residuals storage area and incidental contact (dermal and ingestion) with
wind-borne dusts that deposit in the residential areas. Depending upon the characteristics of the
TENORM present (likely related to uranium), external gamma radiation effects will also be evaluated.
The exposure scenarios presented in Table 2 may be updated following review of information regarding
standard worker activities at the facility and discussions with the CEUD, as well as common residential
practices near the facility .
The media concentrations for the direct (worker) or indirect (residential) exposures will be based on the
review of historical and current treatment solids TEN ORM data, and other relevant monitoring data (if
available). Although the treatment solids data was not made available for review in the RFP, it is
anticipated that these concentrations have varied over time from natural variations in the surface water
NORM concentrations in the supply water from the South Platte River, and potentially changes in the
treatment processes that have occurred over time . The project team will review the available data to
develop appropriate input concentrations for the risk calculations.
RESRAD has default exposure assumptions, many of which are comparable to those used in USEPA's
Exposure Fnctors Handbook (USEPA 2011b). These default assumptions can be used, but Integral also
recommends developing location-specific assumptions, at the very least for the worker exposure
assumptions. For other worker risk assessments, these exposure assumptions were developed based on
information compiled by the facility's human resources department. Integral assumes that we would be
able to use this information to support the worker risk assessments. The residential risk assessments can
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be based on default values from the Exposure Factors Handbook (USEP A 2011 b ), which can also be
supplemented with location-specific residence time derived from U.S . Census data.
Integral also recommends incorporation of an evaluation of background/regional exposures into the two
risk assessments. This helps to build a robust and compelling analysis of risk rooted in the context of
expected exposures. This approach of grounding the risk results refines the analysis and supports
effective, understandable risk communications to workers and off-facility residents.
Subtask 1.2: Reporting
The risk assessment results from the analyses conducted under Task 1 will be incorporated into the single
project report described under Task 4. We anticipate summarizing the analysis approach and results in
the main report, and providing relevant details as a detailed appendix. The Task 1 summary will
describe the potential risks related to residuals handling, and incidental exposure to facility workers and
nearby residents will be prepared for this subtask. Risks will be summarized for all years where
adequate data is available (2005 to 2016), as well as specific time intervals4 and important exposure
periods, and an overall average. Although not specified in the RFP, we recommend developing separate
summaries for the worker and nearby residents risk assessments. Although these will overlap in many
components, the plant employee risk assessment would focus more on OSHA-related components while
the nearby residents risk assessment would focus more on EPA-related risk components. Separate
reports will also help frame the risk communications to these two receptor groups.
Task 2 -Evaluate Residuals
Management Practices, Including Risk
Assessment
This task has three main subtasks: 1) evaluation
of residuals management practices; 2)
preparation of risk assessments for plant
employees and the public based on the current
radioactive residuals management plan; and 3)
contribution to the final report. These are
discussed individually below.
Subtask 2. 1: Residuals Management
Assessment
We will evaluate current disposal practices for
compliance with the State of Colorado Department
Residuals Handling 111 Allen Water Treatment Pinnt
(Photo Credit: CBS News)
of Public Health and Environment (CDPHE) statutes, regulations, guidelines, and/or Best Management
Practices for treatment residuals generation, handling, and disposal.
4 The determination of the appropriate time intervals will be based on the underlying data as well as changes in
sludge handling practices.
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Currently, residuals generated b y an enhanced coagulation process are stored in a small outdoor
rese rvoir. Residuals are per iodically removed from the reservoir and are dewatered b y a be lt press inside
a building. A front e nd load e r is used to spread dewatered residuals onto a concrete pad enclosed by 3-to
4-foot concrete walls for additional drying. Dried residuals are covered by tarps to prevent airborne dust
prior to loading into trucks and transport to a Subtitle C landfill for disposal. Movement of airborne dust
from the residuals dewatering, drying, and loading operations could increase offsite TENORM exposure
risk to the public.
We will document each of the regulations, guidelines, and best management practices evaluated; th e final
report will include a succinct summary of the current residuals management plan and practices in the
context of these regulations. If any deficiencies are identified, we will provide additional detail to CEUD
about the type of issue and the o bse rved or anticipated level and frequency of impact. This evaluation of
current management practices establishes the foundation for the evaluation of residuals handling
alternatives performed under Task 3.
Subtask 2 .2: Risk Assessments
This subtask is conceptually similar to that presented under Subtask 1.1, but will use the information
prese nted in the current residuals management plan to develop the exposure inputs. For example, the
current radioactive residuals management plan may have a firm upper limit for the volume of spent
treatment residuals, rather than the actual values used in Subtask 1.1. This analysis will establish a
base line condition for assessment of alternative treatment or handling options evaluated under Task 3. In
addition, an evaluation of the risk-and exposure-related components of the residuals management plan
(e .g., use of certain types of personal protective equipment) will be performed as part of this subtask.
Subtask 2.3: Reporting
The process evaluation, compliance review, and risk assessment results from the analyses conducted
under Task 2 will be incorporated into the single project report described under Task 4. We anticipate
summarizing the analysis approach and results in the main report, and providing relevant details in
appendices. The Task 2 summary will provide an overview of the Allen Water Treatment Plant's current
residuals management plan and process, compliance with relevant rules and regulations, and assessment
of risk for current and future exposure to radiation for plant employees and the public based on the
current radioactive residuals management plan.
Task 3-Rough Order of Magnitude Estimates for Residuals Management
Alternatives
This task has two main subtasks: 1) evaluation of alternative residuals management practices, and 2)
contribution to th e final report. These are discussed individually below.
Subtask 3.1: Residuals Management Alternatives
If exposure to radioactive residuals creates a significant health risk to employees at the Allen Water
Treatment Plant or to the public near the facility, alternative treatment or handling of the residuals may
be required. We will eval uate alternatives to modify the existing treatment and residuals handling
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processes to minimize TENORM exposure to e mployees and th e public. To determine feasible treatment
or handling alternatives, we will review publi s h ed te chnical reports of TEN ORM manage me nt practices
at other drinking water treatm ent facilities.
We will consult with CDPHE staff to identify other Colorado drinking water treatment systems that
currently manage TENORM residuals and identify feasible treatm ent or handling alternatives. In
addition, we will conduct a te le phone survey and/or site visits of other drinking water trea tment systems
to evaluate rece nt TEN ORM resid uals manage ment practices and trends.
We will evaluate pre-treatment technologies that can remove radium, uranium, and other radionuclides
from the raw intake water prior to the existing enhanced coagulation process. Radionuclides could be
removed from the intake water b y adsorption or ion exchange. These technologies have been used
successfully to remove radioactive contaminants from groundwater. We will evaluate adsorption media
including Mn02, geothite, Baso~-loaded activated alumina, activated carbon, and proprietary media as
well as ion exchange resins .
An example of TENORM exposure risk mitigation via management practices could be onsite
containment of residuals handling operations. A containment building could virtually eliminate airborne
TENORM contamination offsite but would increase airborne TENORM dust concentrations inside the
containment building and would require a ventilation system with HEPA filtered exhaust air. Employees
would need to wear respiratory protective equipment when working inside the containment building.
Employees and transport equipment would exit the containment building through a decontamination
zon e to remove residuals dust and prevent inadvertent transport of residuals outside the containment
building. Dried residuals would need to be contained in large bags or o ther containers prior to
movement outside the building for loading and disposal.
Fugitive airborne TEN ORM dust from the Allen Water Treatment Plant could be largely eliminated b y
re locating the residuals handling operations to a remote location. Liquid or dewatered residuals could be
loaded directly into containers or enclosed trucks for transport to a remote site where residuals handling
operations could be conducted with reduced potential for exposure of the public.
Pre-treatment to re m ove radionuclides from the intake water would reduce the radionuclides in the
residuals from the enhanced coagulation process to non-hazardous concentrations, eliminate the need to
dispose of the coagulation process residuals to a Subtitle C landfill, and reduce potential TENORM
exposure of employees and the public.
The radionuclides accumulated in the pre-treatment system would still nee d to be transported to a
Subtitle C landfill for disposal. However, fugitive TENORM dust would be eliminated and the volume of
TENORM waste would be greatly reduced by separating the radioactive contaminants from the alum
residuals. Suppliers of radionuclide adsorption equipment offer long-term service contracts to replace
spent media and transport and dispose of spent treatment media. These service contracts eliminate
handing of radioactive materials or media by utility s taff, which protects City employees and the public
from TEN ORM exposure.
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Many industrial and manufacturing activities generate TEN ORM wastes, which present handling and
disposal issues similar to those for drinking water treatment residuals. The oil and gas industry is
actively developing treatment alternatives for TENORM-contaminated produced water from hydraulic
fracturing sites. We will evaluate alternative radionuclide pre-treatment technologies developed for
industries and manufacturing that might be applied to drinking water treatment residuals.
We will develop Order of Magnitude cost estimates for the radionuclide pre-treatment alternatives and
for potential modifications to the existing drinking water treatment processes at the Allen Water
Treatment Plant. The economic evaluation will include capital and operation and maintenance cost
estimates that will be used to develop recommendations for treatment process modifications, if needed or
desired.
Subtask 3.2: Risk Assessments for Alternatives
This subtask is conceptually similar to that presented under Subtasks 1.1 and 2.2, but will entail a simple
assessment of risk for up to five selected residuals management alternatives developed under Subtask
3 .1. Exposure inputs may be based on literature values, best professional judgement, or existing data.
This analysis can be used by CEUD for comparison to the historical and baseline risk conditions, to
support selection of individual alternative management options that may be evaluated in more detail in
the future.
Subtask 3.3: Reporting
The alternative residuals management review and Order of Magnitude cost estimates developed under
Task 3 will be incorporated into the single project report described under Task 4. We anticipate
summarizing the analysis approach and results in the main report, and providing relevant details in
appendices.
Task 4 -Flnal Report and Presentation
Risk communication is an integral element of risk assessment. As discussed by EPA 5, " ... the purpose of risk
communication is to help residents of affected communities understand the processes of risk assessment and
management , to form scientifically valid perceptions of the likely hazards , and to participate in making decisions
about how risk should be managed." It is also important to put the risks into perspective to best inform the
public, which is why we included an evaluation of background or regional exposures in the risk
assessments (Subtask 1.1).
The proposed project team members are well versed in risk communications to decision makers,
regulators, workers, and the general public. Our team includes risk assessors with extensive experience
in public, regulatory, and litigation settings, as well as a Certified Industrial Hygienist, if such services
are required. In addition, Dr. Craig Little of Two Lines brings a "neutral party" radiological expertise to
5 See https://www.epa.gov/risk/risk-conununication.
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assist with communications, if such an individual is n ee ded for this project. Mike Lutz of Dewberry ha s a
d emonstrated ability to, as n ee d e d , cl ea rl y d escrib e water tr ea tme nt processes and alternatives.
Subtask 4. 1: Final Report
The project tea m will prepare a final report that summarizes th e res ults of the risk assessments and
residuals management evaluations d escribed under Tasks 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, the final re port will
include:
• Assessments of potential risks to facility workers and n earby residents based on historical data,
the current residual s management plant, potential residuals management alternatives, and
local/regional backgro und ex posures
• An overvi ew of the Allen Water Treatment Plant's current residuals management plan and
process for compliance with relevant regulations and BMPs
• A succinct review of residuals management alternatives, including a rough-order-of-magnitude
estimate of cost for ea ch alternative.
The final report will build on th e individual analyses developed under Tasks 1, 2, and 3 to construct and
convey a comple te understanding of the potential for human health risks associated with the past,
current, and alt e rnative future residuals genera tion and handling processes . The report will distill all of
th e pertinent data, analytical approaches, and results in a manner that is informative and comprehensive,
yet unde rstandable to a non-technical audience. Effective graphics and tabular summaries will be key
elements of the report and critical tools to ex plain complex technical topics. Detailed content necessary to
support the report conclusions will be prese nte d as appendices.
We assume that one draft and one final report would be pre pared. An in-person meeting or webinar (or
a combination) with the CEUD (and other d esignees) is recomme nded following the submission of the
draft report and review b y the CEUD to expedite the preparation of the final report. Integral will provide
to CEUD one printed hard co py of the final report, as well as an electronic PDF deliverable.
Subtask 4.2: Final Presentation
Proj ec t team representati ves (Dr. Samuelian, Dr. Little, and Mr . Lutz) will deliver an in-person
presentation of the final re port to the Englewood City Council and public attendees at a City Council
m ee ting, and will be prepa red to respond to questions from th e Council members and public. The
presentation will highlight the key findings of the risk assessment and residuals process evaluations.
Whenever p ossible, the presentation will utilize report graphics, tables, and key statements to foster
cohesion, transparency, and technical understanding. As discussed under Subtask 1 .2, although the plant
worker and residential risk assessments will overlap in many components, the presentation will include
EPA-related risk elements to address residential concerns and OSHA-related elements related to plant
employee risk.
We anticipate that the presentation to City Council will be 20 minutes in length, followed by an open
question and answer session of approximately 1 hour in length. We assume that a draft of the
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presentation will be provi ded to the CEUD (and other designees) for review and revision prior to the
public presentation, and a dry-run practice prese ntation will be delivered to CEUD via webinar.
Dr. Samuelian, Dr. Little, Mr. Lutz, and Ms . Conovitz will attend the m ee ting in person. Travel cost
assumptions are detailed in th e cost estimates and notes presented in Table 3.
4 Cost Proposal
The scope described in Section 3 was developed based on our current understanding of the project and
CEUD's needs as described in RFP-16-020 and addenda. Our task-by-task breakdown of the project
budget is summarized below. Table 3 presents staff rates and level of effort estimates for each task.
Task 1 Risk Assessment with Dose Reconstruction; $ 25,287
Project Kick-off Meeting
Task2A Residuals Process Evaluation $ 15,060
Task 28 Risk Assessment for Current Residuals Plan $ 7,700
Task 3A Residuals Management Alternatives $ 11,760
Task 38 Risk Assessment for Alternatives $ 5,396
Task4A Draft and Final Re port $ 28 ,044
Task48 Presentation to City Council and Public $ 14,648
Tasks Project Management $ 3,781
Total: $ 111 ,675
Integral reviewed the insurance requirements and example professional services agreement and found no
exceptions to or issues w i th these guidelines.
5 Descriptions of Previous Work
The proposed project team brings decades of highly pertinent previous experience to support a
te chnically robust human h ealth risk assessment and residuals management process and alternatives
evaluation. We buiJd on our sound science and engineering analyses to deliver clear presentations,
reports, and communication tools that are accessible to the public, onsite workers, and regulators. We are
also adept at third-party reviews and conducting te chnical evaluations within limitations of
confidentiality and attorney-client privilege.
The project team brings local ex pertise and established relationships with staff from the CEUD and the
Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment. Dewberry Engineers, represented on the
project team by Mr. Mike Lutz, designed and oversaw construction of a hydraulic structure at the outlet
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Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
to the North Reservoir operated by the Allen Water Treatment Plant, and in a separate project evaluated
aqueduct lining alternatives for transport of source water to the Plant via the City Ditch. Integral staff
have performed risk assessments, radionuclide dispersion modeling, litigation support, and risk
communication at sites in Denver and the Colorado Front Range. Additionally, Alice Conovitz and
Marcia Greenblatt supported the Littleton/Englewood Wastewater Treatment Plant on a multiyear
project to evaluate downstream compliance with water quality standards and develop proposed site-
specific standards for water temperature; this work involved extensive regulatory negotiations and
collaboration with other consultants and legal counsel. Dr. Craig Little of Two Lines served as adjunct
Professor in the Department of Radiological Health Sciences at Colorado State University for 11 years and
continues to serve on the Colorado Radiation Advisory Committee as a governor-appointed member.
Our capabilities are best showcased through descriptions of work the project team members have
performed at locations throughout the U.S., Canada, and in South America. The matrix presented in
Table 4 and brief project descriptions below describe the risk assessment, TENORMs, and water
treatment engineering services the proposed project team has conducted for a variety of clients. A work
product examples is included as Attachment B to this proposal. Attachment B, Work Plan Memorandum
for the Preparation of the Refined Human Health Risk Assessment to Support the EE/CA of the Northeast Church
Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico, showcases work completed by proposed risk assessment lead
John Samuelian (under previous employment).
Risk Assessment Services for the Northeast Church Rock Site, New Mexico
Current Integral technical staff members were involved in several
human health risk assessment activities associated with assessing
surface deposits from the Northeast Church Rock (NECR) mine
operation. NECR is a former uranium mine located at the northern
end of State Highway 566, approximately 17 miles northeast of Gallup,
New Mexico, in the Pinedale Chapter of the Navajo Nation. In tegral
staff completed the following tasks on behalf of the United Nuclear
Corporation (UNC):
• Prepared a summary of the derivation of the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978
(UMTRCA) criteria for radium-226 in surface and subsurface soils, which included an evaluation
of its risk basis
• Developed a Work Plan Memorandum for the preparation of the Refined Human Health Risk
Assessment to support the engineering evaluation and cost analysis (EE/CA) at this site
• Evaluated potential transportation risks based on EE/CA alternatives
• Participated in agency meetings on behalf of the client with USEP A (Region 9), Navajo EPA, and
NM Environment Department.
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Project History and Scope
NECR operated from 1967 to 1982 as a uranium mine under regulation by the New Mexico Minmg and
Minerals Division. The uranium ore body is loca ted nearly 2,000 feet below grade at th e NECR Mine Site.
Support structures, waste rock piles, and related features were located on the ground surface. Portions of
the site are located within an arroyo. Uranium ore from the UNC mine was processed at the adjacent
UNC Mill Site, located on private property. Physical conditions at the NECR Mine Site present potential
risks due to th e lack of an engineered containment system for the mine waste and the wind and water
transport mechanisms that have prev iously contaminated the NECR Mine Site and the residential areas
located north of the mine.
Integral staff members were originally re taine d to evaluate the risk basis of th e UMTRCA criteria for
radium-226 in surface and subsurface soils. This evaluation concluded the "risk-basis" for the radium-
226 surface soil benchmark (5 pCi/g) is based on conservative exposure assumptions (e.g ., 30-year onsite
residents). This value has been attributed to either gamma or potential radon exposure risks. Although
alternate soil benchmarks are available for radium in surface soils, these are generally near the UMTRCA
value, or are for soils that are from areas where physical feahires limit removal or engineered caps have
been installed. Alternate values could be derived based on the use of site-specific exposure assumptions.
Subsequently, Integral staff were asked to develop a Work Plan Technical Memorandum that outlined an
alternate Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) to support the EE/CA. The original HHRA work plan
included conservative assumptions regarding current and future land uses. The alternate HHRA Work
Plan developed site-specific exposure assumptions, which included use of the site by m e mbers of the
Navajo Nation for growing crops and grazing. Ultimately, the more conservative approach was used to
support the EE /CA.
A separate evaluation of potential transportation risks associated with offsite removal of the mine wastes
was p e rform ed to support th e assessment of several of the proposed EE/CA alternatives. This assessment
looked at: 1) potential accidents resulting in fatalities or injuries during transportation of media to the
offsite disposal area; and 2) potential health risks and risk mitigation practices for any residents adjoining
the transportation route. The latter included the evaluation of spills of contents during truck accidents,
incidental releases of excavated materials during transport, and exposure to diesel particulates during
transport. EPA used these results to conclude that offsite transport of mine waste solids would result in
undue risks and therefore the alternative that excluded offsite transportation was retained for the site
remediation .
Integral staff completed the following key project accomplishments for the NECR site:
• Provided technical basis for developing alternate radium-226 criteria for surface soils
• Developed an alternate set of exposure assumptions to more realistically assess potential human
health risks to support the EE/CA
• Results from the transportation risk assessment of the proposed EE/CA alternatives were used to
conclude that offsite disposal was not risk-effective.
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Risk Assessment Services for a Former Uranium Mine, Alaska
Integral provided community relations support and expert review of site
characterization, ecological inventory, and risk-screening at a former
uranium mine located in southeast Alaska. Significant issues concerned
fate and transport of trace elements and radiochemicals fr o m upland
source areas to forested, stream, and marine habitats; bioaccumulation
potential and risk to local flora and fauna; and potential impacts to
natural resources that are culturally important to the Native American
community.
Following the site characteriza tion and risk screening, Integral managed a spatially explicit approach for
the eco logical risk assessment in support of an EE/CA that was being conducted pursuant to a removal
action. These spatially explicit results allowed the removal action to focus on areas and chemicals th at
could be realistically managed to meet risk-base d remedial action objectives. These tasks were completed
on time and on budget.
Work Plan for Streamlined Human and Ecological Risk Evaluations, Arizona
Integral staff, under prior employment, developed work plans for
streamlined evaluations of human health and ecological risks to support
an EE/CA for the Orphan Mine Site, a former copper and uranium mine
on the rim of the Grand Canyon. In addition to the risk assessment
elements, technical support was provide d for developing field sampling
approaches, which included the use of the Multi-Agency Radiation
Survey and Site Investigation Manual. Developing the field collection
method was particularly challenging because of the proximity of the rim of the canyon and scree along
the canyon wall. Both radionuclides and non-ra dionuclides (predominantly metals) were planned to be
included in these assessm e nts. The U.S . Department of Energy RESRAD model was proposed to be used
to assess potential human health radionuclide risks, while non-radionuclide human healtl1 risks and all
ecological risks were proposed to be evaluated using conventional EPA Superfund approaches.
Rueter-Hess Water Purification Facility, Parker Water and Sanitation District,
Colorado
flitegral Co11<11/ting Inc.
To reduce reliance on non-renewable groundwater aquifers,
the Parker Water and Sanitation District (PWSD) contracted
Dewberry to develop the Rueter-Hess Water Purification
Facility (RHWPF). Completed in 2015, the RHWPF treats
surface water from the Cherry Creek basin and reclaimed
effluent for indirect potable reuse for drinking water supply.
The innovative treatment process includes enhanced
coagulation wi th ferric chloride; ballasted sedimentation
(ACTIFLO®); an innovative recirculating powdered activated
Page 21
Page 44 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
carbon (PAC) process (ACTIFLO® Carb) for removal of organics and emerging contaminants; ceramic
membrane microfilters that remove particulate material larger than 0.1 micron; and hypochlorite
disinfection .
The RHWPF is the first large-scal e drinking water facility in the U.S. to utilize ceramic membrane filters .
The ACTIFLO® Carb treatment process installed at the RHWPF is also one of the first few systems
installed in the U.S. The RHWPF is also the first facility in the world to combine recirculating PAC with
ceramic membrane filters.
The reclaimed effluent and surface water sources for the RHWPF contain high concentrations of
dissolved organic compounds (DOCs). The reclaimed water also contains residues of synthetic chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, and endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs). The organic compounds in the raw
water need to be reduced by as much as 70 percent to comply with disinfection byproduct limits for
drinking water. The recirculating PAC treatment process used at the RHWPF removes a high degree of
DOCs. Full scale operation of the RHWPF showed that recirculating PAC at concentrations up to 1,500
mg!L (and equivalent PAC dose of 25 to 35 mg/L) in the ACTIFLO® Carb process achieved over 70
percent DOC removal . Treated water DOC concentrations of less than 2 mg/L ensure compliance with
disinfection byproduct limits using conventional chlorine disinfection. The ceramic membrane filters
operate at flux rates of 90 to 100 gfd and have an expected useful life greater than 20 years.
The unique combination of new technologies used for the first time at the RHWPF provides a robust
treatment system that has enabled PWSD to develop a sustainable indirect potable reuse system. The
project was awarded the Grand Prize for Environmental Sustainability in 20.16 by the American Academy
of Environmental Engineers and Scientists.
Bealeton Water Treatment Plant, Fauquier County Water and Sanitation
Authority, Virginia
Dewberry prepared a detailed preliminary engineering report and design drawings and specifications for
a 1.0 million gallons per day (mgd) microfiltration facility (expandable to 2 mgd) to elimina te bacterial
contamination of groundwater under the direct influence of surface water and to remove arsenic, TDS,
radium, and nitrate. The new facility treats groundwater from existing wells in Bealeton subject to
potential surface water contamination. The arsenic removal process consists of a ferric chloride metering
system and in-line rapid mixing for coagulation-adsorption of arsenic followed by microfiltration to
remove the adsorbed arsenic. The design includes a new treatment building sized for four membrane
units and a future reverse osmosis unit, a laboratory, chemical feed equipment, flow metering, a
clearwell, a finished water pump station, site work, emergency generator, instrumentation, and controls.
6 Conclusion
Each member of our proposed project team appreciates the complexity and sensitivity of risk assessment
work in general, and specifically the potential for worker and residential risks associated with low levels
of radioactive materials. Our approach relies on a thorough understanding of the technical, political,
regulatory, and business contexts involved. We believe that with our combined expertise in risk
IHtegral Cow•11/ting I nc. Page 22
Page 45 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
assessment, health physics, and water trea tment engineering, and our extensive experience with risk
communications to workers and the public, we can provide the City of Englewood with the support to
identify and quantify potential vulnerabilities associated with residuals management and human health
risks, as well as recommend effective strate gies to achieve a satisfactory outcome.
7 References
ISCORS . 2005 . ISCORS Assessment of Radioactivity in Sewage Sludge: Modeling to Assess Radiation
Doses. Final. U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, U.S. Department of Energy, and U.S . Environmental
Protection Agency. ISCORS Technical Re p ort 2004-03. NUREG-1783, EPA 832-R-03-002A, and DOE/EH-
0670. Interagency Steering Committee on Radiation Standards. February. Available at:
https:Uwww.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-05/documents/832-r-03-002a.pdf
Kleinschmidt, R., and R. Akber. 2008 . N a turally occurring radionuclides in materials derived from
urban water treatment plants in southeast Queensland, Australia. Journal of Environmental RadioactivihJ
99:607-620.
USEPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume I: Human Health Evaluation Manual
(Part A). Interim Final. EPA/540/1-89/002. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Emergency
and Remedial Response. December. Available at: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-
09/documents/rags a.pelf
USEP A. 2005 . A Regulators' Guide to the Management of Radioactive Residuals from Drinking Water
Treatment Technologies. EPA 816-R-05-004. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water.
July. Available at: https://www.e pa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-05/documents/816-r-05-004.pdf
USEP A. 2011a. Drinking Water Treatment Plant Residuals Management Technical Report. Summary of
Residuals Generation, Treatment, and D isposal at Large Community Water Systems. EPA 820-R-11-003.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. September. Available at:
https:Uwww.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-11/documents/dw-treatment-residuals-mgmt-tech-
report-sept-2011.pdf
USEPA. 2011b. Exposure Factors Handbook: 2011 Edition. EPA/600/R-09/052F. U.S . Environmental
Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development.
September. Available at: http:Uofrnpub.epa.gov/eims/eimscomm .getfile?p download id=522996
USEPA. 2014a . Distribution of the "Radiation Risk Assessment at CERCLA Site: Q&A". OSWER 9285 .6-
20 . U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. 13 June.
USEP A. 2014b. Superfund Radiation Risk Assessment: A Community Toolkit. Directive 9230.1-48, EPA-
540-R-012-015. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology
Innovation. May. Available at: https:Uepa-prgs.o rnl.gov/radionuclides/RadRiskCommunityGuide.pdf.
/11tegral C011,;11/ti11g l11c. Page 23
Page 46 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
Yu, C., A.J. Zielen, J.-J. Cheng, D.J. LePoire, E. Gnanapragasam, S. Kamboj, J. Amish, A. Wallo III, W.A.
Williams, and H. Peterson. 2001. User's Manual for RESRAD Version 6. June. ANL/EAD-4.
Environmental Assessment Division. Argonne National Laboratory. Available at:
http://web.ead.anl.gov/resrad/documents/resrad6.pdf
Yu, C. 2012 . RESRAD Family of Codes -A Suite of Tools for Environmental Radiological Dose
Assessment. Presented at Environmental Radiological Assistance Directory Web Conference, June 27 .
Available at: http://energy.gov/siteslprod/files/2014/03/f14/resrad codes erad june 2012-
Charlie%20Yu.pdf
lHtegral Co11>11lting fnc. Page 24
Page 47of132
Figures
Page 48 of 132
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~--------
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Technical
Support Staff
Integral Consu lting
Figure 1.
Project Team for t he All en Water Filter Treatment Plant
Water Tre atment Resi dua ls Risk Assessment and
TENORMs Ma nage ment
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Page 50 of 132
Tables
Page 51 of 132
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Engle w ood, RFP-16 -020
2 2A Evaluate Residuals Process for Regulatory Compliance and 8MPs
28 Conduct Risk Assessment for Current Residuals Plan
3 3A Evaluate Residuals Management Alternatives
38 Conduct Risk Assessment for Alternatives
4 4A Prepare Draft and Final Reports
48 Deliver Presentations to City Council and Plant Employees I •
l11tl'grnl Co11 .;ulti11g Jue. Pngc 1 ofl
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Allen Water Treatment Plan t City of Englewood, RFP -16 ·020
Table 2. Potential Exposure Pathways of Plant Residuals to Facility Workers and Nearby Residents
Allen Water Treatment Plant, Englewood , Colorado
Source Exposure Exposure Receptor Receptor Exposure Rationale for Selection or Exclusion
Medium Medium Point Population Age Group Activity Route of Exposure Pathway
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Res iduals
h1 1tsrat Ctl//sulling /11c
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Residuals
Plant Res iduals
Plant Residuals
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Garden plants
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Garden plants
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Surface Soils
Garden plants
Surface Soils
Facility Workers Adult treatment residual
-------Handling
Facility Workers Adult treatment residual
Handling
Facility Workers Adult treatment residual
---Handl ing
Facility Workers Adult treatment residual
Handling
Facility Office Worker Adult Indirect contact
Facility Office Worker Adult Indirect contact
Facility Office Worker Adu lt Indirect contact
Facility Office Worker Adult Ind irect contact
Off-Facility . .
N ~ R .d Nearby Residents Adult Indirect contact eaiuy es1 ences _
Off-Facility . .
N ~ R .d Nearby Residents Adult Indirect contact ea1uy es1 ences _ __
N ~ff-RFac _idlity Nearby Res idents Adult Indirect contact
ea, uy es1 ences
Off-Facility . :--
N ~ R .d Nearby Residents Adult Indirect contact _ ea1 uy es1 ences
Off-Facility . .
N ~ R .d Nearby Residents Adult Indirect contact ear uy es1 ences
Off-Facility . Adolescent .
Nearby Residences Nearby Residents (10_18 years old) Indirect contact
Off-Facility . Adolescent .
Nearby Residences Nearby Residents (10_18 years old) Indirect contact
Off-Facility . Adolescent .
Nearby Res idences Nearby Residents (10 _18 years old) Ind irect contact
Off-Facility . Adolescent .
Nearby Residences Nearby Residents (10_18 years old) Indirect contact
Off-Facility . Adolescent .
Nearby Residences Nearby Residents (10_18 years old) Indirect contact
N ~ff-RFacidlity Nearby Residents Child Indirect contact
ea1 uy es1 ences
N ~ff-RFacidlity Nearby Residents Ch~ Indirect contact
ea1 uy es1 ences
N Obff-RFacidlity Nearby Residents Child Ind irect contact
ear y es1 ences
N ~ff-RFacidlity Nearby Residents Child lndire ~contact ea1 uy es1 ences _ _
Off-Facility . . .
Nearby Residences Nearby Residents Child Indirect contact
P11gr 1 o/2
In cidental ingestion
Incidental dermal contact Subactivities may be developed based upon review
of treatment res idual handling processes and worker
Incidental inhalation activities
External radiation
Incidental ingestion
Incidental dermal contact
In cidental inhalation
External radiation
Incidental ingestion
Incidental dermal contact
Incidental inhalation
Ingestion of garden plants
External radiation
Incidental ingestion
Incidental dermal contact
Incidental inhalation
Inge stion of garden plants
External radiation
Incidental ingestion
Incidental dermal contact
In cidental inhalation
Ingestion of garden plants
External radiation
Unlikely exposure pathway but may require
qualitative assessment (e.g., potential for office
workers to be near treatment residual handling area).
Dependent on migration potential of treatment plant
residuals from facility to adjoining properties .
Dependent on migration potential of treatment plant
residuals from facility to adjoining properties.
Dependent on migration potential of treatment plant
residuals from facility to adjoining properties.
.......
(/.)
N
Allen Water Treatment Plant City of Englewood, RFP-16-020
Table 2. Potential Exposure Pathways of Plant Residuals to Facility Workers and Nearby Residents
Allen Water Treatment Plant, Englewood , Colorado
Source Exposure Exposure Receptor Receptor Exposure Rationale for Selection or Exclusion
Medium Medium Point Population Age Group Activity Route of Exposure Pathway
Plant Residuals Surface Soils R Offt-FacilliAty Residents Adult Indirect contact Incidental ingestion ecrea 1ona reas _ _
Surface Soils Recr~:;~~~lli~reas Residents Adult Indirect contact Incidental dermal contact Dependent on types of historical uses of treatment
Off-Facility -plant residuals off-facility (e .g ., balnield ).
Surface Soils Recreational Areas Residents Adult Indirect contact Incidental inhalation
Surface Soils R Off-FacilliAty Residents Adult Indirect conta.;;-External radiation ecreat1ona reas
. Off-Facility . Adolescent . . . . Surface Soils R . 1 A Residents (10 18 Id ) Indirect contact Incidental ingestion _ ecreat1ona reas __ -years a Plant Residuals
. Off-Facility . Adolescent . .
Surface Soils Recreat ional Areas Residents (10-18 years old) Indirect contact Incidental dermal contact Dependent on types of historical uses of treatment .
. Off-Facility ---.--Adolescent . --. -. --.--plant residuals off-facility (e.g ., ballfield).
Surface Soils R t' 1 A Residents (10 18 Id) Indirect contact Incidental 1nhalat1on ecrea 1ona reas -years o
. Off-Facility . Adolescent . . .
Surface Soils Recreational Areas Residents (10_18 years old) Indirect contact External rad1at1on
Surface Soils R Offt-FacilliAty Residents Child Indirect contact Incidental ingestion ecrea tona reas Plant Residuals
Surface Soils Recr~:;ra~~:iZreas Res idents Child Indirect contact Incidental dermal contact Dependent on types of historical uses of treatment
Off-Facility --plant residuals off-facility (e .g ., ballfield).
Surface Soils Recreational Areas Residents Child Indirect contact Inc idental inhalation
. Off-Facility . . . . .
Surface Soils Recreational Areas Res idents Child Indirect contact External rad1at 1on
Notes:
Although not shown on this table, the potential risks from exposure to media from regional/background areas will also be evaluated in the risk assessments.
Surface water-based exposure pathways are not recommended for evaluation at this time .
Transportation risks for off-facility disposal will not be evaluated .
1'1 tcgral Co nsulting h ie Pi.1,~r 2 of 2
Plant
t for Allen Water Filter Treatment Plant Residuals and
Task 1 Task 2A Task 28 Task 3A
Risk Assessment with
Dose Reconstruction ;
Project Kick-off Residuals Process Risk Assessment for Residuals Management
e
wing :
Title/Role
Pri ncipal
Senior Science Advisor
Senior Managing Scientist
Managing Scientist
Scientist
Scientist
Associate Scient ist
Document Produ ction Specialist
Technical Editor
Project Coordi nat or
Dewberry Engineers, Inc.
Twin Line , Inc .
Burden
Subtotal Subcontractors
Direct Project Expenses (5 .5% of
Labor Cost)
Library
Travel (airfare)
Lodging
Meals and incidentals
Car rental
Airport parking
POV miles ($0 .54/mile)
Burden
Subtotal ODCs
GIS Burden
Production Co pying (B&W $0 .10 pp)
Production Copying (color $1 .00 pp)
Field Health & Safety fee ($50/day)
Subtotal Units
Rate
$235
$235
$220
$180
$110
$126
$94
$98
$95
$88
10 % '
5.5% '
$0 .54
10% '
I
I
$12 .00
$0 .10
$1
$50
Total
6 $1,410
32 $7,520
78 $17 ,160
70 $12,600
6 $660
92 $11 ,592
32 $3 ,008
12 $1 ,176
20 $1,900
8 $704
356 $57 ,730
Total
$32 ,000
$12 ,000
$4 ,400
$48 ,400
Total
$3,175
$0
$200
$600
$450
$225
$200
$150
0 $200
$203
$5,403
Quantity Cost
6 $72
200 $20
50 $50
0 $0
256 $142
612 $111,675
Meeting Evaluation Current Residuals Plan
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
24 $5 ,640 0 $0 0 $0
20 $4,400 0 $0 8 $1 ,760
10 $1 ,800 4 $720 4 $720
6 $660 0 $0 0 $0
32 $4 ,032 0 $0 24 $3 ,024
20 $1 ,880 0 $0 8 $752
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
112 $18,412 4 $720 44 $6,256
$2 ,000 $13,000 $0
$3 ,000 $0 $1 ,000
$500 $1 ,300 $100
$5,500 $14,300 $1,100
$1,013 $40 $344
$200 $0 $0
$0 $0 $0
$0 $0 $0
$0 $0 $0
$0 $0 $0
$0 $0 $0
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
$20 $0 $0
$1,233 $40 $344
6 $72 0 $0 0 $0
200 $20 0 $0 0 $0
50 $50 0 $0 0 $0
0 $0 0 $0 0 $0
256 $142 0 $0 0 $0
368 $25 ,287 4 $15,060 44 $7,700
I by air to Englewood for the City Council meeting ; this will include car rental for two days, one over-night stay in a hotel , and 1 day of meals at $75/day.
onal vehicle to travel from Grand Junction to Englewood for the City Council meeting; this travel will include one over-night stay in a hotel and 1 day of meals at $75/day.
vehicle to travel from Denver to Englewood for the City Council meeting ; no over-night stay will be required .
Alternatives
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
4 $720
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
4 $720
$10 ,000
$0
$1 ,000
$11 ,000
$40
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
0 $0
$0
$40
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
4 $11,760
Task 38
Risk Assessment for
Alternatives
0 $0
0 $0
6 $1 ,320
2 $360
0 $0
16 $2 ,016
4 $376
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
28 $4,072
$0
$1 ,000
$100
$1,1 00
$224
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
$0
0 $0
$0
$224
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
0 $0
28 $5 ,396
J Craig Little will use personal vehicles to travel to Englewood from Fort Collins , Denver, and Grand Junction, respectively , to attend one on-site project meeting with Allen Water Treatment Plant staff . No over-night
onovitz or Mr. Lutz . Mr. Little's travel will include one over-night stay in a hotel and 1 day of meals at $75 /day .
Task 4A Task 48
Presentation to City
Draft and Final Report Council and Public
4 $940 2 $471
6 $1,410 2 $471
32 $7 ,040 12 $2 ,641
20 $3 ,600 10 $1 ,801
0 $0 0 $1
12 $1 ,512 8 $1 ,00•
0 $0 0 $1
12 $1 ,176 0 $1
16 $1 ,520 4 $38 1
0 $0 0 $1
102 $17,198 38 $6,76 :
$5 ,000 $2 ,00 1
$4 ,000 $3 ,00 1
$900 $SOI
$9 ,900 $5,501
$946 $37:
$0 $1
$0 $601
$0 $451
$0 $22:
$0 $201
$0 $151
0 $0 0 $201
$0 $18:
$946 $2,38 1
0 $0 0 $1
0 $0 0 $1
0 $0 0 $1
0 $0 0 $1
0 $0 0 $1
102 $28,044 38 $14,64•
.......
CJ.)
N
Allen Water Treatment Plant
Table 4. Matrix Overview of Selected Staff Projects
Projects
Streamlined Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessmen t
Work Plans , Orphan Mine Site , Grand Canyon , AZ
Refined Human Health Risk Assessment for Northeast Church
Rock, Gallup , NM
Radioactive Waste Remediation Management, Dust Control ,
Air Monitoring , and Construction Safety Education, Denver
Radium Superfund Site , CO
Human Health Risk Assessment for Multiple Exposure
Scenarios , Rocky Mountain Arse nal , CO
Air Emissions and Dispersion Modeling for Dose
Reconstruction, Rocky Flats Plant , CO
Emissions and Dispersion Modeling to Support Litigation
Involving Exposures to Biosolids , Ohio
Rico Blood Lead Study , CO
Human Health Studies , Tennessee Department of Health, Oak
Ridge, TN
Human Health Risk Assessment, Lower Fox River, WI
Water Quality Standards EvalUations for Temperature and.
Arsenic , Littleton/Englewood Wastewater Treatment Plant , CO
Two Lines Inc.
Dose Estimation for Radiation Exposure to Municipal
Employees from Radium-bearing Materials in Water
Treatment Tanks , Arvada , CO
Technical Litigation Defense Support for Former Uranium
Production Facility , Undisclosed Location
Human Health Risk Assessment of Uranium and Metaf-
bearing Materials at a Former Uranium Concentration Facility ,
OK
lntegrnl Consulting luc.
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Allen Water Treatment Plant
Table 4. Matrix Overview of Selected Staff Projects
Projects
[)•
Water Treatment Plant Des ign and Engineering Report , VA
-----Drain Modifications for Allen Water Treatment Plant , CO
Lining Alternatives Evaluation and Reconstruction of Raw
Water Transport System to the Allen Water Treatment Plant ,
co
Water Treatment Plant Upgrades , Alternatives Evaluation , and
Hydraulic Model Development , Centennial Water & Sanitation
District , CO
Ceramic Membrane Filter Water Purification Facility Design
and Construction Oversight , Parker Water and Sanitation
District , CO
lwegrnl Consulting Jnr.
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Attachment A
Resumes for Key
Project Staff
Page 58 of 132
Marcia Greenblatt, Ph.D., P.E.
Principal Engineer/Hydrologist
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Integral Consulting lnc.
285 Century Place
Suite 190
Lo uisvill e, CO 80027
te le pho n e : 303.404.2944
fa csimile: 303.404 .2945
mgreenblatt@integ ral-corp .com
Dr. Marcia Greenblatt is a water resources engineer with 18 years of specialized technical
and project management experience in hydrodynamic, water quality, and sediment
investigations. She has extensive involvement in CERCLA remedial investigations and
feasibility studies (Rl/FSs) at large sediment sites. Her responsibilities have included
design of sediment, water column, and bathymetric data collection programs and field
sampling plans. In addition, she has integrated data analyses within a geographic
information system (GIS) to support site conceptualization, characterize and evaluate fate
and transport processes, identify data gaps, parameterize and apply numerical models, and
evaluate remedial alternatives. Dr. Greenblatt has designed and performed several
modeling studies, applying both simple and complex numerical models, to predict
hydrodynamic flows, sediment erosion, transport and deposition, chemical fate and
transport, and water quality. S{le has performed numerous modeling studies for mixing
zone evaluations to support NPDES renewals as well as operational evaluations, with
several of these studies focused on thermal discharges . Dr. Greenblatt has managed or
served as senior technical reviewer on several large sediment investigation and modeling
projects for PRP groups, the U .S. Army Corps of Engineers (USA CE), and individual
parties in th e mining, steel, and other industrial sectors.
CREDENTIALS AND PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
Ph .D ., Water Resources Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 1997
M.S., Water Resources Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 1993
B.S., Forestry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 1989
Professional Engineer, Massachusetts (License No. 48975)
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING
"The Transport of Sediment and Contaminants in Surface Waters," a short course taught by
Dr. Wilbert Lick of University of California, Santa Barbara
SELECTED REL EV ANT EXPERIENCE
Lower Passaic River RIIFS , New Jersey -Manages the feasibility study to evaluate and
compare remedial alternatives, developing and managing sediment and water column field
Page 59 of 132
Marcia Gree nblatt, Ph .D., P.E. Pa ge 2
investigations; interpreting and analyzing data; developing the site conceptual model and
sediment stability analysis of the tidal Passaic River; and combining multiple lines of
evidence (bathymetry, grain size, channel slope, and radiochemistry data) to support
system understanding . Served as technical manager for the feasibility study evaluations.
Works closely with th e project coordinators supporting project strategy deve lopment,
technical review, and coordination of the project consulting team .
Big River S ediment Fensibility Study, Missouri-Served as project manager for feasibility
study of a 50-mile reach of a mining-impacted river. The project included collecting
sediment, soil, porewater, and tissue data to support a supplemental remedial
investigation; developing a site conceptual model; updating the ecological risk assessment;
performing a human health risk assessment; and identifying and evaluating remedial
options. Developed and directed field investigations to support development of site-
specific preliminary remediation goals to support evaluation of potential remedial options.
Bnrr Lnke and Milton Reservoir Nutrient Totnl Mnximum Daily Land (TMDL) Water QualihJ
Model , Colorado-Served as project manager for the expansion (including new input data)
and recalibration of a water quality model to support assessment of TMDL alternatives for
the Barr Lake and Milton Reservoir Watershed Association Technical Committee. The
linked watershed/in-lake model simulated flows and nutrients in a complex system with an
extensive canal system, numerous irrigation inputs and withdrawals, and two water
supply reservoirs. The EPA models SWAT and WASP were applied to ultimately predict
present and potential future in-lake nutrient systems in a severely eutrophic system .
Risk Characterizntion nnd Sampling Plan Design , Various Sites , United States-Performed a
geostatistical analysis to predict soil concentrations across a site. Confidence bounds were
determined to assist the client with an internal risk characterization . A sampling plan was
designed to increase certainty in the predicted concentrations. At the completion of the
sampling program, the new da ta were incorporated into the historical data and the
geostatistical analysis was repeated. Results indicated an acceptable level of risk before the
liquidation of the property.
Thre e-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Sediment Trnnsport Modeling Study, Florida-Served as
project manager and senior model reviewer for the deve lopment of a numerical model
used to predict the potential impacts of pipeline construction on water quality and benthic
habitat. Applied the ECOMSED model to evaluate jetting and sidecasting operations
associated with tunneling construction, and to predict tidally varying currents and
transport and deposition of sediments potentially suspended from the construction
activities. Several sediment classes were parameterized in the model based on fi e ld studies.
Water column suspended solids and sediment deposition were predicted based on
construction activity. Model p re dictions were mapped on sensitive benthic resources to
evaluate potential bottom impacts from sediment deposition, including the extent and
depth of potential deposition. The model results were used to support a turbidity variance
application before project implementation.
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Marcia Gr ee nblatt, Ph.D ., P.E. Pa ge3
Engineering Evnluation and Cost Analysis (EE/CA) at a Former Chemical Manufacturing Facilihj,
Portland, Oregon-Supported the EE/CA for sediment remediation at the site in Portland
Harbor, including evaluating potential recontamination of remedial alternatives and
application of a cap model to support development conceptual design parameters and cost
estimates.
Thermnl Discharge Analysis, Michigan-Evaluated the potential impact of increased thermal
blowdown from the addition of a new unit at an existing nuclear power facility. Served as
senior reviewer of the CORMIX model, which was used to predict the thermal mixing zone
under typical and extreme monthly conditions, as well as rare events. The thermal
discharge analysis also included data collection and review and statistical analysis of flow
conditions. Presented the results on two occasions to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.
Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Sediment Transport Modeling Study, Gulf of Mexico-Set
up and applied the EPA-supported EFDC model to evaluate potential water quality and
benthic habitat impacts associated with proposed construction of a pipeline from Tampa
Bay through the Gulf of Mexico . Applied the model to predict tidally varying currents and
sediment transport and deposition potentially resulting from pipeline construction
activities. Modeling activities included application of the USA CE ADDAMS models
DREDGE and STFATE to estimate sediment resuspension rates from dredging and
sidecasting operations, and mapping model-predicted suspended sediment concentrations
and sediment deposition extents and depths over sensitive habitat areas.
Indu strin l Effluent Modeling in Tidal EstuanJ, Nova Scotia, Canada-Modeled nearfield and
farfield dilution and mixing of an industrial effluent discharge into a tidal estuary to
support the identification of alternate locations for relocating an existing outfall. Used the
3-dimensional hydrodynamic and water quality model HEM3D to simulate a conservative
tracer and predict the extent of the visible plume. A number of locations and discharge
scenarios (continuous, hold-and-release) were investigated . Calibrated the farfield model
by using measurements taken during a synoptic field survey specially designed to support
the modeling task. Conducted nearfield mixing modeling to evaluate alternative diffuser
designs.
Nonpoint Source Modeling for Nutrient TMDL Study, Massachusetts-Modeled hydrology,
water quality, and biology in a eutrophic river system in support of the TMDL process.
Project included several rounds of field data collection and analysis, model selection, setup,
and development. Set up an application of the HSPF watershed and instream numerical to
simulate point and nonpoint source flow and nutrient loads into the river, as well as
instream nutrient and biomass interactions. Set up the model based on GIS data, and
calibrated and validated the model using several sets of field data . Once calibrated, applied
the mode l to assess several alternative management scenarios.
Water Supply and Discharge Design and Permitting, Rensselaer, New York-Evaluated siting
intake and discharge locations to avoid recirculation on the tidally reversing river for a
proposed newsprint facility on the Hudson River. The potential to entrain fish larvae at the
intake was evaluated on a seasonal basis for the vulnerable life stages of each species. The
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Marcia Gr ee nblatt , Ph .D., P.E. Pa ge4
mixing z one of the effluent was evaluate d for various times during the tidal cycle under a
range of fr e shwater inflow conditions. The optimal diffuser design was develope d to meet
the mixing re quireme nts and the phy sical constraints within the river (including rapidly
changing bathymetry and the proximity to a shipping channel).
Ev aluation of Watershed Loadings on In -lake Water Quality, Taunton, Ma ss achuse tt s-Led a field
program to assess wate r quality and biota in the Jake and tributaries, and to cl1aracterize
the watershed. Analyzed the laboratory results and applied results to estimate nutrient
loadings to the pond. Developed a series of possible future loadings scenarios resulting
from management techniques. Evaluated the practicality of constructing a small beach and
swimming area in the lake . Developed an ArcView application to graphically display the
results .
SELECTED PUBLICATIONS/PRESENTATIONS
Greenblatt, M., and J. Connolly. 2015 . Lower Passaic River (RM 10 .9) early action:
Evaluation of remedial design data and implications for river-wide remedy development.
Battelle 8th International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated Sediments.
January 12-15. New Orleans, LA .
Gerath, M ., and M . Greenblatt. 2008. Evaluation of hydrologic disturbance frequency and
duration in western ephemeral streams. In: Relevance of ambient water quality criteria for
ephemeral streams and effluent-dependent watercourses of the arid western United States.
R.W. Gensemer, RD. Meyerhoff, K.J . Ramage, and E.F. Curley (Eds.). Pensacola, FL.
Society of Environmental Toxicology and Che mistry . 268 pp.
Ruffle, B., M. Greenblatt, and D. Reid-Green. 2007. Application of geostatistics and risk
assessment to property divestitures. University of Massachusetts Annual Conference on
Soils, Sediments, Water, and Energy. October 15-18. Amherst, MA.
Greenblatt, M. 2003 . Modeling aquatic biology: A TMDL challenge. 27th Annual Meeting
of the New England Association of Environmental Biologists. March 26-28. Wachusett,
MA.
Greenblatt, M ., K. Hickey, and K. Heim . 2001. Riverine nutrient TMDL allocation :
overview of the field program and modeling application . In: Proc. of the 2nd ASCE
Wetlands Engineering and River Restoration Conference. Reno, NV. American Society of
Civil Engineers.
Gilman, J, J. San Antonio, M . Greenblatt, and S. Emmons. 2010 . Application of RMA2 for
design and construction of the inner harbor navigation canal hurricane surge barrier. In:
83rd Annual Water Environment Federation Te chnical Exhibition and Conference;
WEFTEC. New Orleans, LA.
Greenblatt, M .S., and R.J. Sobey. 1999. Subsurface flow and transport in tidal wetlands:
Marsh plain equations. ]. En g in . M ech. 125(8):971-974.
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Alice R.W. Conovitz
Managing Scientist
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Integral Consulting In c.
605 S. Co ll ege Av enue
Suite 101
Fort Collins, CO 80524
te le phon e: 970 .682.2184
awconovitz@integral-corp.com
Ms. Alice Conovitz is a consultant specializing in environmental inves tigatio n s;
watershed, aquatic chemistry, and minin g-and nutrient-relate d issues; data quality r eview;
and managem e nt of complex and time-sensitive e n v ironmental projec ts. With 15 years of
experience, she has a b road background in watershed sciences, including assessment of
contaminant distribution , fate, and trans p or t of chemicals in groundwater and surface
water. M s. Conovitz also has ex perien ce assessing contaminant sorption o n sediments and
mass loading to environmental systems. In addition to her strong data analysis
background, sh e h as exp e rtise in environmental sample colle ction, process ing, and
re porting. M s. Conovitz has coordinated watershed stakeholder organizations, authored
multidimensional watershed manage ment plans, and written winning proposals for
multiple federal and state watershed grants. She has worked with federa l, s tate, and
local agencies on dive rse sites, including n on point source, CERCLA, and to tal maximum
daily loa d (TMDL) proj ec ts.
CREDENTIALS AND PROFESSIONAL HONORS
M.S., Environmental Studies, Univers ity of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, 2004
B.S., Environmental Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indian a, 2000
Environmental Protec tion Agency National Notable Achievement Award, 2006
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING
Haz ardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response 40-Hour Certification (2005)
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response 8-Hour Re fr esher (2006-2015)
Colorado Water Leaders Program (2012)
A/E/C Proj ec t Manage m ent Boo tcamp (2014)
RELEVANT EXPERIENCE
Third Party Analytical Data Quality Review, Confidential Location-Se rves as proj ec t manage r
and technical lea d for an Integral team that is providing extensive third party re v iew of
e ight yea rs o f analy tical chemistry data records fr o m three laboratory instruments to
identify and evaluate the impacts of improper laboratory practices. Examined raw
Page 63 of 132
Alice R. W. Conovitz Pa ge 2
instrument files, laboratory data packages, hard copy documentation, and the laboratory's
information management system database to assess conformity with analytical methods,
laboratory standard operating procedures (SOPs), and best laboratory practices.
Developed and documented a specialized m e th o dology that utilized a database approach
to review records and tabulate impacted records for ultimate disclosure. Using this
database approach, Integral was able to efficiently review over 103,000 sample records for a
suite of potential issues. Led preparation of technical reports and prepared and d elivered
presentations to legal counsel; prepared senior chemist for expert presentation to
representatives of the Office of Inspector General for three federal agencies. Also led
preparation of specific recommendations for improved laboratory practices and SOP
revisions and collaborated with laboratory staff to identify immediately implementable
corrective actions.
Temperature Regulation Development for a Wastewater Treatment Plant, Littleton, Colorado-
Led a team that developed site-specific temperature standard proposals for the Colorado
Water Quality Control Commission triennial review process for Regulation #38,
South Platte River. Presented hearing testimony to the Colorado Water Quality Control
Division. Wrote h earing testimony and rebuttal documents, participated in negotiations
with EPA and Colorado regulatory agencies, and led the technical analyses for a critical
review of the scientific basis of proposed statewide changes to water temperature criteria.
Analyzed a large, in-stream data set of upstream and downstream water temperatures to
determine compliance, conducted a reasonable potential analysis for compliance, evaluated
fish condition relative to temperature, and developed reasonable and attainable
temperature criteria alternatives. Successfully negotiated a site-specific, temporary
modification to the temperature standard.
CERCLA RIIFS , Portland, Oregon-Co-led the multimedia loading calculation and reporting
effort associated with the preparation of the draft and final remedial investigation reports
for the Portland Harbor Superfund site, which encompasses a 9-mile stretch of the
Willamette River. Represented Integral in multiple meetings with EPA project managers to
negotiate draft remedial investigation revisions. Evaluated multiple lines of evidence to
assess several groundwater plume transport pathways. Prior to the development of this
report, contributed to the collection and synthesis of groundwater, sediment, and surface
water chemistry information. Also contributed to the completion of numerous supporting
RI/FS documents, including groundwater field sampling plans, data reports, and interim
groundwater and surface water site characterization summary reports. Responsibilities
included surface water, groundwater, and sediment field sampling, data analysis, and
report development. Site contaminants of interest include PCBs, dioxins, pesticides, PAHs,
and metals in surface and subsurface sediments and water.
Deepwater H orizon, Gulf of Mexico-Working in conjunction with the consulting team
responding to the Deepwater Horizon accident and oil spill, served as task manager and
provided technical expertise to develop and implement quality assurance measures for a
large and complex multimedia data set. Led the Integral staff team on all aspects of
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Alice R.W. Conovitz Pa ge3
metadata verification for analytical chemistry samples, in support of public data releases .
Wrote standard o perating procedures for data verification, contributed to the
environmental data quality plan and other project quality assurance procedure guidance
documents, and led data verification methodology trainings. The project team applied
manual and database-supported research techniques to identify and populate missing
sample metadata information for 1.5 million records; this effort resulted in a substantially
larger set of usable data results and reduced client financial loss related to unusable data .
Water Quality Monitoring, Permitting, and Site-Specific Criteria Evaluation for a Mine
Exploration Project, Ketchikan, Alaska-Served as project manager and senior technical
reviewer for water quality monitoring and reporting for metals in surface water and
groundwater at a mining exploration site. Led the effort to update and revise site
documents, including the water quality monitoring plan, quality assurance project plan,
reclamation and closure plan, and plan of operations. The project has also involved
working with the Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation to streamline a
nahual conditions-based, site-specific water quality evaluation tool , evaluating the
performance and potential longevity of the current land application water disposal system,
developing site-specific water quality criteria, and analyzing and reporting water quality
data over a 10-year period. Most recently, thjs project has involved providing support in
obtaining an Alaska Pollution Discharge Elimination System permit for marine discharge of
mme waters.
Water Qualihj Monitoring and Reporting for a Mine Exploration Project, Haine s, Alaska-
Manages the Integral team that collects, manages, and evaluates baseline surface water
quality data at a mining exploration project site. Oversees planning and implementation
of field efforts, database development and updates, analytical laboratory coordination, and
water quality screening against aquatic life standards. Prepared the projec t quality
assurance project plan.
Impacts from a Remed iated Wood Treatment Facilihj, Confidential Site-Analyzed large,
multiyear water, sediment, and biological tissue chemical data sets in support of human
health and ecological risk assessment development for a former wood-treating site. Site
contaminants of interest include furans, PAHs, PCBs, and metals. Analyses included
statistical comparisons and summaries, as well as compilation of and comparison to local
and regional background data. Authored portions of the ecological and human health
risk assessments.
Barr Lake/Milton R eservoir Watershed Association, Den ver, Colorado-Served as coordinator of
nonprofit watershed stakeholder organization focused on development of a pH TMDL and
nutrient standards for two high-plains reservoirs and associated streams and canals. Tasks
included facilitating board, stakeholder, and committee meetings; meeting with State
regulators; developing public outreach materials and programs; coordinating team
development of a watershed management plan; coordinating data requests and database
updates; and overseeing financial and grant management activities . The Barr Lake/Milton
Reservoir Watershed Management Plan was selected by the Denver Regional Council of
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Page 65 of 132
Alice R. W. Conov itz
Governments as the Gold Winner in the 2008 Local Governments Innovations Awards
Program category of "Planning with Vision ."
Pa ge 4
Lefthand Cree k Watershed Abandoned Min es M etal Loadin g Analysis, Boulder Counh;, Col orado-
Designe d and implemented a comprehensive, multi year study of metal loading from
numerous abandoned mines to more than 30 km of streams. This project involved
metal-loading tracer tests paired with synoptic water sampling; benthic macroinvertebrate
collection, community analysis, and digestions for analysis of metal conte nt in body tissues;
stream-bed sediment collection, partial digestion, and metals analysis; and metals leachate
tests of mine waste rock and tailings piles.
PRESENT A TIO NS/POSTERS
Conovitz, A .R.W ., and M . Gardner. 2015. A temperature tale: Water temperature patterns
and policy in the South Platte River. Oral presentation at the South Platte Forum
Conference, October 28, Loveland, CO.
Jones, L., W . Locke, A.R.W . Conovitz, J. Gasper, and C. Hawley. 2011. Determining
background surface water concentrations for the Portland Harbor remedial investigation.
Oral presentation at the Sixth International Conference on Remediation of Contaminated
Sediments, New Orleans, LA.
Conovitz, A.R.W., and J.N. Ryan. 2010. Collaborative efforts to characterize a watershed
impacted by abandoned mines using multiple sampling techniques: A case study for
Lefthand Creek watershe d , CO. Oral presentation at the National Water Quality
Monitoring Council Conference, April 27, Denver, CO.
Conovitz, A.R.W., M . Gardner, D. Rudnick, R. Wexler, and L. Williams. 2010 . Using
long-term ambient water quality data to inform thermal criteria revisions: A case study on
the South Platte River, CO. Poster presentation at the National Water Quality Monitoring
Council Conference, April 26, Denver, CO.
Locke, W., C. Hawley, and A. Wood. 2007. Source determination for chemicals in
transition zone water-Upland plume groundwater discharge vs. legacy sediment
contamination . 2007 Washington Environmental Cleanup Conference, Environmental Law
Education Center, Seattle, WA .
Wood, A. 2007. BMW Association: 2006 Barr Lake and Milton Reservoir watershed
management plan. Invited presentation to the Colorado Water Quality Control
Commission, May 14, Denver, CO.
Wood, A. 2007. BMW Association: 2006 Barr Lake and Milton Reservoir watershed
management plan. Invited presentation to the Denver Regional Council of Governments
Water and Environmental Planning Committee, February 23, Denver, CO.
Wood, A . 2005. Finding the money at the Lefthand watershed. Oral presentation at the
U .S. Environmental Protection Agency Collaborative Cleanups Meeting, May 24,
Keystone, CO.
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Page 66 of 132
John Samuelian, Ph.D.
Senior Managing Scientist
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Integral Consulting Inc.
45 Exchan ge Stree t
Suite 200
Po rtland, ME 04101
te le phon e: 207.874 .9000
fa csimile : 20 7.874 .7 800
jsamuelian@integral-co rp.com
Dr. Jolm Samuelian brings 29 years of experience in environmental consulting,
environmental and analytical chemistry, database development and management, human
and ecological risk assessments, quality assurance, site investigation design, and remedial
alternatives evaluation. He has served as environmental chemist, senior task leader, project
manager, senior teclmical reviewer or QA/QC officer for a number of Rl/FSs; remedial
designs; remedial action construction projects; human and ecological risk assessments;
commercial product risk assessments; aquatic ecology studies; manufactured gas plant
(MGP) sites; building investigations, municipal and industrial landfills, arsenals, a lead
shot site, pulp and paper mill sites, contaminated sediment sites, and solvent waste sites
abandoned mining sites; and private well surveys. Several of these projects have included
presenting at public meetings. He has worked on projects with a wide variety of
recalcitrant and non-recalcitrant chemicals, including PCBs, PCDD/Fs, PCNs, heavy metals,
volatile and semi volatile organics, pesticides, petroleum products, energetic compounds,
pharmaceuticals, and radionuclides. His focus on human health risk assessments is
principally related to exposure assessment and probabilistic risk assessment. His
background in environmental chemistry has played a significant role in exposure
assessmen t, particularly in regards to product s tewardship. Dr. Samuelian has provided
support for projects throughout the U.S. for public and private sector clients.
CREDENTIALS AND PROFESSIONAL HONORS
Ph.D., Environmental Health Science, New York University, 1990
M .Ph., Environmental Health Science, New York University, 1985
M.S., Ecology/Environmental Toxicology, University of Tennessee, 1981
B.S., Biology, Union College, Schenectady, New York, 1979
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING
Project Managers Training Course (1991and1996)
Expert Witness Training Course (1990)
Certified Organic Data Validator, EPA Region 2 (1989)
Hazardous Waste Operations and Emergency Response 40-Hour Certifi cation (1987 and
annual refreshers)
Page 67 of 132
john Sam11e/ia11 , Ph.D . Page 2
REL EV ANT EXPERIENCE
Streamlined Human and Ecological Risk Evaluations , Former Uranium Mine, Grand Canyon,
Arizona-Prepared human and ecological streamline risk evaluation work plans in support
of the development of an EE/CA work plan for a former copper and uranium mine on the
rim of the Grand Canyon . Both radionuclides and non-radionuclides (predominantly
metals) were included in these assessments. Human health radionuclide risks were
evaluated using the RESRAD model, while non-radionuclide risks and all ecological risks
were evaluated using conventional EPA Superfund approaches.
Human Health Risk Evaluations to Support Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis (EE/CA) of a
Former Uranium Mine, Southwestern U.S. -Developed a human health risk assessment work
plan to support the evaluation of multiple remedial alternatives developed as part of an
EE/CA at a former uranium mine. Both radionuclides and non-radionuclides
(predominantly metals) were included in these assessments. The potential risks associated
with transportation of materials off-site was also be assessed as part of this effort. The
results were used to assess suitability of the remedial alternatives. It was concluded that
off-site transport of mine waste solids would result in undo risks and therefore the
alternatives which excluded off-site transportation were retained for the site remediation.
Developed a Microexposure Event Risk Model to Assess Potential Residential Risks near an
Industrial Site, Confidential Location -Developed a 2-dimensional microexposure event risk
model that concurrently quantifies uncertainty and variability and estimates potential
human health risks for residents near an active industrial facility. Exposure routes
included incidental soil ingestion, soil dermal contact, and dust inhalation . Developed age-
and gender-specific exposure assumptions. Census data were used to define the gender-
specific age distribution of the local population and to calculate location-specific exposure
durations based on net migration and mortality rates. Both site-specific and generic
exposure assumptions were incorporated into the model.
Enhancements to Model to Predict Environmental Concentrations of Pharmaceuticals,
Nationwide-Part of the technical team that developed a fate model that predicted
environmental concentrations of pharmaceuticals. Model enhancements that were planned
included the addition of a biosolids module, which would assess the fate and disposition of
pharmaceuticals that may accumulate in POTW sludge and then be used as organic
material for biosolids application. An additional model enhancement is the use of alternate
xQy flows to be more representative of chronic exposures to aquatic organisms.
Risk Assessment from Exposure to Vapors Released from Soils and Groundwater, Phoenix ,
Arizona-Providing senior review and strategic support for an assessment of potential
human health risks associated with exposure to residual chlorinated organic compounds
from contaminated soils and groundwater and an active facility. The Johnson & Ettinger
vapor intrusion model was used to estimate worker exposures based on measured soil
vapor concentrations. An indoor air sampling program is under development to confirm
the estima ted indoor air concentrations from the Johnson & Ettinger model.
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John Samuelian, Ph.D. Page3
Assessment of Emerging Chemicals and Wastewater Treatment, Nationwide-Ecological impact
te chnical lead for the preparation of a technical brief for member companies of Water
Environment Research Foundation (WERF) and o the r inte rested parties, co n ce rning the
issues and implications of tr ace organic compounds (TOrCs) for wastewater tr ea tment. The
technical brief summarized the scientific data r elate d to how TOrCs are identified and
measured in the e nvironment and wastewater streams; d escribed the r em oval of TOrC in
typical wastewater tr ea tment processes; and then discusse d the potential human h ealth and
ecological effects of TOrC that may b e discharged to surface waters and/or taken up in
public water supplies. The brief identified management strategies along with future
research needs. This te chnical brief was published by WERF (stock no. CEC3R07) in 2008 .
Risk Assessment, Active Manufacturing Facility, Chicago, Illinoi s-For an active apparatus
service center with historical PCB contamination in soils adjacent to the operations area,
integrate d multiple investigation phases into a single database; performed data evaluation;
conducted an exposure assessment for onsite workers, constructio n workers, and
trespassers; and calculated p o tential risks to these r e ceptors.
Public Commu nica tion s, Various Clients-As part of RI/FS projects, served as principal
speaker at public information m ee tings and public h e arings to discuss results of studies
and propose d remedial actions . These efforts include d working with client and agency
community relations staff, as well as preparation of community r elations work plans.
Fate and Transport Summan;, Colorado-Prepared a fat e and transport summary in support
of chemistry results from field investigations at Basin Fat the Rocky Mountain Arsenal in
Colorado. This effort included an evaluation of existing physico-chemical parameters for
standard and exotic chemicals present in the soil, surface water, and groundwater at the
site. Also performe d limited predictions of ultimate fate of some of the chemicals of
interest.
Data Validation A ctivities, Various Clients-Versed in CLP and non-CLP organic, in organic,
and radionuclide data validation. Data validation activities have include d in -house
projects, contracting with other consulting firms, and supporting a mixed waste site RI /FS
in Idaho and South Dako ta . Develope d data validation protocols for non-CLP procedures
(e.g., SW-846 methods). Prepared data validation standard operating procedures for a U.S.
D e partment of Energy contractor for it s mixed -waste site RI /F S in Idaho and for priva te
clie nt investigations. Performed validation of organic and inorganic chemical data for EPA
(R egions 1-4 and 10), New Yo rk State Department of Environmental Conservation,
Massachusetts Departme nt of Environment Protection, and New Jersey Department of
Environment Protection .
SELECT PUBLICATIONS
Magee, B., J. Samuelian, K. Haines, M . Chappel, I. Pe nn, D . Chin, D . Anders, and J. Hinz.
2010. Screening-level population risk assessment of nasal tumors in the US due to
naphthalen e exposure. R egul. Toxicol . Pharmacol. 57(2-3):168-180 .
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Page 69 of 132
John Snmu e/inn , Ph .D . Pn ge 4
Hannah, R., V.J. D' Aco, P.O . Anderson, M.E. Buzby, D.J . Caldwell, V.L. Cunningham, J.F.
Ericson, A.C. Johnson, N.J. Parke, J.H. Samuelian, and J.P . Sumpter. 2009 . Exposure
assessment of 17a-ethinyl estradiol in surface waters of the United States and Europe.
Environ . Toxi col. Ch em . 28(12):2725-2732 .
Keenan, R.E ., P .O . Anderson, W .R. Alsop, J.H. Samuelian. 1999 . Risk-based management
principles for evaluating sediment management options. Sediment Management Work
Group. 23 pp.
TECHNICAL COMMITIEES/PEER PANELS
Maine Pulp and Paper Association, Solid and Hazardous Waste Committee.
September 1999
EPA Ecological Soil Screening Levels (Eco-SSLs) Work Group: Member of Task Group 3-
Soil Chemistry, Washington, DC, June and September 1998 .
EPA National Center for Environmental Research and Quality Assurance: Peer Review
Panel for Hexavalent Chromium Risk Reduction. Washington, DC, August 12-13, 1998.
PRESENT A TIO NS/POSTERS
Lape, J., and J. Samuelian. 2013 . The risk side of vapor intrusion: Refined methods to
evaluate exposure and inhalation risks. Platform presentation, 29th Annual International
Conference on Soils, Sediments, Water and Energy, Amherst, MA. October 21-24.
Groff, K, P . Anderson, M. Hoyt, J. Samuelian, and B. Pugh. 2008. The measurement and
fate of trace organic compounds in municipal waste~ater treatment plant effluents. Fifth
Annual Conference on Integrating Water Resources Management, Amherst, MA. April 8.
Samuelian, J., B.H. Magee, W.R. Alsop, A.L. Nightingale, and P .S. Price. 2000 . Application
of a 2-D linear model to assess uncertainty and variability in potential carcinogenic risks
from combustion facilities: Direct and indirect exposure routes. ISEA Conference,
Monterey, CA. October 25.
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Page 70 of 132
James F. Lape, Jr.
Senior Science Advisor
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Integra l Consulting Inc.
200 Harry S. Truman Parkway
Suite 330
Annapolis, MD 214 01
te lephone: 410.573.1982
facsimile : 410 .5 73.9746
jlape@integral-corp.com
Mr. James Lape has more than 25 years of experience in the health risk assessment and
environmental science fields. His expertise in human health risk assessment includes fate
and transport modeling, exposure assessment, risk characterization, and uncertainty
analysis. Mr. Lape has served as an expert in several cases involving emissions, dispersion
and deposition of air toxics . He serves as the technical lead in negotiations with regulatory
agencies on behalf of clients and provides risk communication to scientific and layperson
audiences. During his career, he has worked in the areas of risk assessment, environmental
modeling, litigation support, environmental health and safety, and product stewardship.
CREDENTIALS AND PROFESSIONAL HONORS
M.S., Air Pollution Meteorology, minor in Computer Science, North Carolina State
University, 1987
B.S., Physics, with honors, minor in Mathematics, Ohio University, 1983
RELEVANT EXPERIENCE
Superfund Risk Assessment, United States-Principal investigator for numerous baseline risk
assessments conducted for Superfund or other hazardous waste sites. Tasks involved all
aspects of the risk assessment process including selection of sampling media and locations,
quantitative prediction of fate and transport of chemicals of concern, and formal
presentation of results to state and federal agencies and interested private citizens.
Litigation Support for DOE RocktJ Flats Facilihj, Colorado-Project manager and principal
atmospheric scientist for Dow and Rockwell International in defense of class action suit
stemming from operations at the Rocky Flats Plant in Colorado. Activities included
evaluation of historical effluent and ambient monitoring programs for radionuclides and
hazardous air pollutants to characterize emission sources. Conducted emissions and
dispersion modeling of process emissions under routine and upset conditions, and dust
emissions generated from handling and storage of radionuclides in process waste streams.
Estimated exposure concentrations for on-site workers and nearby residents for relevant
exposure periods based on modeling historical emission scenarios. Developed and
presented strategy and position papers for exposure portion of dose reconstruction used in
Page 71 of 132
fame s Lap e
defen se. Assisted in preparation of expert witnesses, all phases of fact and expert
d eposi tion s, a nd review of expert repor ts.
Page 2
Modeling to Support Litigation In volving Exposures to Biosolids, Ohio-Conducted emissions
and dispersion m odeling to d evelop exposure point concentrations use d to assess the
applicability of m edical m onitoring as part of a toxic tort case. Used info rmati on on
application of municipal biosolids to several agricultural fields to develop spa tial and
temporal emissio n s es timates. Developed th e meteorological database neede d to support
mode ling based on information from several distant observation stations. Conducted air
dispersion modeling in complex terrain to determine acute air concentrations at rel ev ant
plaintiff locations based on spatial and te mporal emissions estimates. Air concentrations
were u sed as part of an odor analysis and in chemical and microbiol ogical risk assessments.
Modeling to Support EIS for Proposed Uranium Enrich111ent Facilihj, Louisinnn-Conducted
emissions and dispersi on modeling to support an EIS for proposed uranium enrichment
plant in Louisiana. Tasks include d developing a pplicable meteorological database from
three distant m e teorological observation sites and coding, debugging, and validating a
hybrid version of DOE's XOQDOQ air m odel , which was used to predict air concentrations
and deposition rates for chemical and radionuclide releases . Conducted modeling and
analysis to support a safety and analysis report regarding consequences from upset and
catastrophic re leases. Developed long-te rm monitoring program, including specification of
require d instrumentation and QA/QC procedures, for collectin g and archiving
meteorological data at the site.
Litigation Support for Toxic Tort Case , !own-Provided litigation support for defendants in a
worker claim arising o ut of air release from a storage tank of sodium bi sulphite . Tasks
included modeling of potential emissions and resulting air concentrations for alleged
worker exposure scenario. Also provided support for discovery and deposition activities .
Litigation Support for Cost Recoven; Cnse, Montana-Provided technical support to expert
representing W.R. Grace in litigation with EPA regarding cost recovery for cl e anup a t the
Libby, Montana, Superfund site. Specific roles included performing detailed review of
asbestos removal activities conducted by EPA for the purpose of evaluating reasonableness
for protec tion of human h ealth. Focus of effort was an exposure assessment, including fate
and transpo rt analysis, to determine the potential for human exposure had remediated
material been left in place .
Expert Report nnd Litigation Support for Contract Suit, Loui siana-Provided ex pert opinion
and litigation support on the personal protective equipment (PPE) for onsite workers
during emergency response to spill at bulk liquid storage terminal. Evaluated hazards and
exposure routes to cl eanup workers for products identified in discharge resulting from
flooding caused by hurricane. Reviewed Health and Safety Plan to determine PPE
requirements for various cleanup activities conducted at site. Reviewed air m onitoring
data collected during cleanup operations to determine temporal and spatial aspects of
conditions re quiring respiratory protec tion for onsite cleanup workers.
04116
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Ja mes Lap e Pa ge3
Expert Report and Depo sition fo r Superfund Site , Utah -Provided expert report and litigation
support for th e U.S . Department of Justice and EPA at Superfund site . Subjects for
testimony included emissions modeling of fugitive dusts, air dispersion modeling in
complex terrain, particle deposition modeling, and ambient air monitoring. Provided
estimates of air and soil concentrations for use in human health risk assessment.
Product Safety -Conducted risk evaluations of product safety to address liability concerns
and labeling requirements. Tasks included identifying chemicals of potential concern,
design and analysis of laboratory te sting for product emissions, emissions and fate
modeling, estimations of dose, risk characterization and communication, and strategic
planning with manufacturing representatives. Products evaluated have included medical
devices and water treatment products.
Regulatory Review -Provided technical review and comment on proposed regulations and
guidance. Work included technical reviews and written comments on the EPA Region 6
Multi-pathway Risk Guidance, EPA's Mercury Study Report to Congress, the Hazardous
Waste Combustor MACT Standards, and EPA's reports on exposure s to dioxin-like
compotmds.
Ambient Monitoring, United States-Designed and/or evaluated numerous air monitoring
programs for indoor and outdoor environments. Targets of monitoring programs included
fugitive dusts, radionuclides, and hazardous air pollutants.
PUBLICATIONS
Reiss, R., E.L. Anderson, and J.F. Lape. 2003. A framework and case study for exposure
assessment in the voluntary children's chemical evaluation program. Risk Anal.
23(5):1069-1084.
Lape, J.F. 1994. Air dispersion and deposition modeling. pp. 226-240. In: Toxic air
pollution handbook . D .R. Patrick (ed). Van Nostrand Reinhold, NY.
PRESENTATIONS/POSTERS
Chrostowski, P.C., S.A. Foster, and J.F. Lape. 1999. Integrated multipathway exposure
model for volatile organic compounds. Presented at Society for Risk Analysis Annual
Meeting, Atlanta, GA. December 7, 1999.
Chrostowski, P .C., S.A. Foster, and J.F. Lape. 1997. The impact of EPA's dioxin
reassessment on waste-to-energy risk assessment. Proceedings of the 90th Annual Meeting
and Exhibition of Air and Waste Management Association, June 8-13, Toronto, Ontario,
Canada.
Foster, S.A., P.C. Chrostowski, D.C. Smegal, J.F. Lape., and D. Preziosi. 1997. Stochastic
odor impact analysis for a hazardous waste landfill. Proceedings of the 90th Annual
Meeting and Exhibition of Air and Waste Management Association, Jtme 8-13, Toronto,
Ontario, Canada .
04 116
Page 73 of 132
fam es Lape Page 4
Chrostowski, P .C., S.A. Foster, and J.F . Lape. 1994 . Screening h ealth risk assessment of
flammabl e mate ri al s fires. Paper presente d at 1994 Interna ti onal In cin e rati o n Conference,
H o uston, TX.
04 116
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Integral Con sulting Inc.
71 9 2nd Avenu e
Suite 700
Sea ttl e, W A 98104
telepho n e : 206 .230.9600
facs imil e: 206 .2 30.9601
btren a ry@integra l-co rp .com
Barbara A. Trenary, CIH
Associate of Integral
Certified Industrial Hygienist
PROFESSIONAL PROFILE
Ms. Barbara Trenary is a Certified Industrial Hygienist with 37 years of experience in the
fields of comprehensive industrial hygiene, haz ardous materials, indoor air quality,
ambient and indoor air monitoring, environmental and structural remediation, training,
and program development and evaluation. She has created and managed health and safety
policies and procedures at four Fortune 400 companies and at numerous project sites.
Ms . Trenary's technical experience includes comprehensive industrial hygiene assessments
of individual and community exposure, microbial growth, asbestos, volatile organic
compounds (VOCs), fire odors and residues, accidental releases, methamphetamine
contamination, sewer backups, tear gas residues, heavy metals, contamination of
shipments, and tobacco smoke residues.
CREDENTIALS AND PROFESSIONAL HONORS
B.S., Industrial Hygiene/Chemistry (with honors), Colorado State University, Env. Sci ., 1979
CONTINUING EDUCATION AND TRAINING
Certificate: Management, Business Skills for Software Professionals, University of
Washington, 1999
Certificate: Finance for Non-Financial Managers, University of Washington, 1999
PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATIONS
American Industrial Hygiene Association
American Board of Industrial Hygiene
Indoor Air Quality Association
REL EV ANT EXPERIENCE
Ambient and Indoor Air Quality Asse ss ments, N ationwide -Performed more than 2,100 indoor
air quality and contamination assessments for commercial, industrial, multi-family,
developer, and residential parties. Worked with building envelope engineers and
architects to investigate cause and origin of building contamination, and design and
Page 75of132
Barbara Trenary Pa ge 2
implement sampling and verification strategies. Prepared remediation protocol for mold,
fire residues, asbestos contamination, and other contaminants.
Subject Matter Expert, Ros s In Situ R ecovenJ Project, Crook County, Wyoming-Served as
subject matter expert for air quality, noise, and public and occupational health in
authorship of the environmental impact statement for the Ross In Situ Recovery Project for
in situ uranium recovery . Work completed for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in
2014.
Radioactive Waste Remediation , D enver Radium (Shattuck Chemical), Denver, Colorado -Served
as project manager and health and safety manager for the Denver Radium remedial
construction site . Took over management and execution of a $5 million lump sum
radioactive waste soil solidification/stabilization of project at a mid-city Superfund site.
Managed dust control within tight allowances, ensured regulatory compliance, performed
air monitoring, and taught construction safety.
D emolition of Radioactively Contaminated Structure, Brookhaven National LaboratonJ, Islip,
New York-Project oversight for decontamination and demolition of 1.8-million-pound
internally contaminated ventilation ducts at a Brookhaven National Laboratory research
reactor. Assigned to tum around project from significant loss to a profitable position.
Course-adjusted work approach under numerous changed conditions and managed
recovery through mediation .
Risk Assessment, Shell Oil Company, Denver, Colorado -Performed alternate human health
risk assessment under several exposure scenarios at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal,
Commerce City, Colorado. Various chemical agents (sarin, VX, mustard), solvents, metals,
and pesticides were evaluated. Coauthored paper accepted for publication in the Journal of
Risk Analysis.
Exposure Assessment Strategies, Dade Moeller, Richland, Washington-Coordinated multiple
stakeholder inputs and authored the comprehensive exposure assessment strategy for tank
farm vapor exposures at Hanford Nuclear Reservation .
Soil Remediation, Burlington Northern Railroad, Salt Lake CihJ , Utah-Health and safety
manager for large release at a large aboveground storage tank farm . Activities included
characterization, and design and installation of a trench system to collect fuel oil. Soils at
the site included imported uranium mill tailings fill; low levels of radioactivity were
detected at numerous investigatory borings around the 200-acre site. The rail yard
remained in full operation during the remediation.
Human Health Risk Assessment, Dow Chemical , Freeport, Texas-Risk assessor for human
health risk assessment at a site with buried drums and percent organic soil contamination.
Modeled soil, groundwater, surface water, and sediment contamination. Activities
included research of toxicity values, exposure assessment for multi pathway analysis of
industrial and residential receptors, risk characterization, and uncertainty analysis.
08 116
Page 76 of 132
Barbara Trena ry Pn ge3
Reklaim Carbon Black Plant H ealth and Safehj Support, Boardman, Oregon -Reviewed plant
operations for health and safety best management practices. Collected three annual carbon
black sampling rounds for compliance with the consent order. Authored three safety data
sheets for company products.
Exp er t Witn ess, Nationwide -Provided litigation support and acted as consulting and/or
testifying expert for more than 60 lawsuits or legal disputes involving construction defects,
"toxic torts" (e.g., mold, heavy metals, voes, asbestos, lead, carbon monoxide, fibrous
glass, pesticides, particles), or water/sewerage intrusion that resulted in property damage
or alleged health effects.
Health and SafehJ Pro g ram Development, Morrison Knudson (now URS), Hewlett Packard, Fluor
Daniel and Dow En v ironmental, Bois e, Idaho -Established company-wide health and safety
programs, policies, and procedures at four Fortune 400 companies in disparate fields .
Trained middle managers and site health and safety personnel in implementation. Audited
programs for relevance, currency, and compliance.
Hazardous Wa s te Op erations and EmergenCJJ Re s ponse (HAZWOPER) In s truction, Morrison
Knudson (now URS), FMC, Fluor Daniel, Dow and companies too numerous to mention, Boise,
Idaho-Created course materials, reference library, personal protective equipment (PPE)
bank and hands-on exercises in response to 24-and 40-hour HAZWOPER requirements.
Taught more than 1,000 students in HAZWOPER and annual refreshers.
Health and Safety Plans (HASPs), Nationwide -Authored numerous project HASPs, ranging
from clean construction to remediation of contaminated soil and groundwater.
Remediation Health and Safehj, More Than 90 Projects Nationwide -Provided health and safety
support for 20 years for hazardous waste remediation projects encompassing remedial
investigations and feasibility sh1dies, removal actions, facility demolition and destruction,
underground tank removal, bioremediation, groundwater contamination, equipment
decontamination, and clearing and grubbing. Contaminants included lead and other heavy
metals, petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), pesticides, asbestos
waste, poison gases, organic solvents, explosives, and chemical and biological agents.
Groundwater Remediation , Lockheed Martin, Burbank, California-Health and safety manager
for the construction and operation of a 9,000-gpm groundwater treatment plant, and the
2-mile, seven-wellhead underground pipeline installed to supply groundwater to the plant.
Investigated cause of carbon bed fire (6 months into operations) and oversaw confined
space entry requirements for its repair.
RCRA Evaluation and Corrective Actions, Liquid Air Products , Tacoma , Wa shing ton-Project
manager for gas manufacturer. Project work included various RCRA compliance issues,
water discharge quality to publicly owned treatment works and storm sewers, feasibility
analysis for handling waste streams designated as "Dangerous Wastes" in Washington,
PCB evaluation and cleanup of concrete surface and PVC drain contamination, and soil
remediation. Extensive negotiation of cleanup levels.
08 116
Page 77 of 132
CRAIG A. LITTLE
896 Overvi ew Rd .
Grand Junction , Col o rado 81506
970-260-2810 (cell) 3 09-214-2569 ( efax)
t wolin es@ bres n a n.n e t
Dr. L itt le has been professionally involved in radiation health physics , chemical site assessment, risk
assessment and remedial action for over 35 y e ar s. He has had considerab le experience in assessing
environmental contamination and potential human health risk from fac iliti es such as uranium mills.
Since 2006, Dr. Little has been Principal of Two Lines, In c. which speciali zes in environmental radiation
protection services and health risk assessments . Two Li n es performs risk assessments and d o se ca lc ulati ons
for a wide variety of clients , many or which are involved in uranium recovery operat ions . He has contributed
to publication of technical bas is documents for development of historical dose recon struction s for the Energy
E mployee Occupational lllness Compensation Act for the ational lnstitute of Occupational Safety and Health .
In 20 I 0 , Dr. Little led a team that developed and performed a 4 -wk training course for staff of the Texas
C ommission on Environmental Qualtiy and regulated uranium indu stry staff. In 20 12 , Dr. Little led a mult-
disciplinary team that advised the Virginia Department of Health and developed a regulatory framework for
uranium mining and mlling in the state .
Dr. Little was head of the E nvironmental Tech nology Sect ion (ETS) of Oak Ridge National Laboratory for 18
years, managing as many as 65 staff. ETS staff completed radiation s urveys on over 12 ,000 public and private
properties nationwide under the Department of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Act ion Project. In
addition , staff of the sect ion eva lu ated and summarized the efficiency of numerous novel remediation
technologi es for radiological and chemical contamination at over a dozen Department of Defense and
Department of E nergy sites. As Manager of Western Operations of the Advanced Infrastructure Management
Technologies organization , Dr. Little was responsible for performance of approximately 25 project managers
and technical staff located in Sacramento, CA and Grand Junction, CO.
Dr. Little served as an adjunct professor in the Department of Radiological Health Sciences of Colorado State
University from 1988 until 1995. He is Editor-in-Chief of Operat ional Radiation Safety, an Associate Editor
of Health Phy sics , and served a member of th e Board of Directors of the Health Physics Society (HPS). He has
authored and co-authored over 70 publications on environmental h ea lth a nd safety, enviro nm e nta l transport
modeling and risk assessment and has taught short courses o n e nvironme ntal radiation and radiation biology.
PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE
2014 -pres. Serves as Federal Agency Liaison for the Health Physics Society. Maintains contact with
and visits staff members ofNRC, EPA , DOE, and other agency that enact and enforce
radiation protection regulations.
2006 -Pres Two Lines , Inc . Conduct rad iation risk assessments , dose calcu lations, historical dose
reconstructions, and radiation safety a udits for a variety of clients . Teach technical
training courses for radiation safety professionals .
2002 -2006 Sr. Scientist, MFG , Inc . Cond uct radiat io n risk assessments , dose calcu lation s a nd field
assessments of radioactivity for a variety of clients nationwide . Write project proposals,
develop work plans and cost estimates, produce site investigation reports, and write
monthly reports . Manage projects. Serve at leader of the Natural Resources a nd
Environmental Assessment Group.
2000 -200 I Manager, Western Operations, Advanced Infrastructure Management Technologies, a
Page 78 of 132
division of the Department of Energy 's Y-12 National Security Complex, Oak Ridge,
Tennessee . Responsible for twenty-five project managers in offices in Grand Junction,
Colorado; Sacramento, California; and Lancaster, California. Projects included a variety of
site assessment, ri sk analysis, and infrastructure improvements at numerous federal
facilities nationwide . Projects were funded by Dept. of Energy, Dept. of Defense,
Environmental Protection Agency, and others.
1983 -2000 Leader, E nvironmental Technology Section (ETS), Life Sciences Division , Oak Ridge
National Laboratory located in Grand Junction . Originally established the group to
support US DOE Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project (UMTRAP). Staff
developed and applied innovative technologies and methodo logies to remedy chemical
and radiological pollution at numerous locations nationwide . Projects were funded by
Dept. of Defense, Dept. of Energy, and other agencies .
1987 -1998 Adjunct Professor, Department of Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State
University . Served on graduate research committees.
Fall 1979 Guest scientist, Federal Health Office, Munich , Federal Republic of Germany. Assisted in
planning and implementing a monitoring system for actinides released from nuclear power
plants in the Federal Republic.
1976 -1982 Research Staff, Hea lth and Safety Research Division, ORNL. Developed and applied
computer codes to predict transport of nuclear and non-nuclear pollutants through the
environment and subsequent impacts on ecosystems and human systems. Conducted
research to assess the accuracy of environmental transport mod e ls .
Fall 1976 Environmental Research Assistant, Departm e nt o f Radiology and Radiation Biology,
Co lorado State University. Collected environmenta l samples of plutonium for analysis;
analyzed, reduced and summarized subsequent data for publication .
1976
1971
1970
1996
1993
1990
1989
1987
1986
1980
EDUCATION AN D TRA I N I NG
Ph.D., Radioecology . Department of Radiology and Radiation Biology, Colorado State
University, Ft. Collins, CO. Dissertation title : Plutonium in a Grassland Ecosystem.
M .S., Radiation Biology/Health Physics. Department of Radio logy and Radiation B iology,
Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO.
B. A., Biology. McPherson College, McPherson , KS.
Leading Out Loud. TPG/Learning Systems. Knoxville , Tennessee.
The Effective Executive. American Management Association , New York, NY
Strategic P lanning. American Management Association, New York, NY.
Senior Project Management. American Management Association, New Your, NY.
Cost and Schedule Control Systems Criteria (C/SCSC). Humphreys and Associates, Santa
Clara, CA. Included project planning, work breakdown structures, and control systems.
The Management Course. American Management Associat ion , New York, NY. Four
week course covering all aspects of management including financial analysis of
bu s inesses , human resource management, and business simulation.
Modeling of Groundwater Flow. Holcomb Research Institute, Butler University,
Indianapolis, IN . Two week course on computer models of groundwater flow.
SELECTE D PROJ ECTS
Page 79 of 132
Potential Impacts from Proposed Uranium Recovery Facilities
• Energy Fuels Resources Inc. 2013 . Modeled potential doses to members of the public for the
proposed Sheep Mountain uranium recovery project, Wyoming.
• Virginia Department of Health . 2012 . Assemb led and managed a team to develop
recommendations for necessary regulations shou ld the Commonwealth of Virginia permit mining
and milling of uranium.
• A UC LLC. 2012 . Modeled potential dose to members of the public for the proposed Reno Creek
in situ recovery facility, Wyoming
• Titan Uranium. 2011. Conducted public dose modeling of proposed heap leach uranium
recovery facility. Application to US Nuclear Regulatory Commission pending.
• Energy Fuels Resources, Inc. 2010. Mode led potential dose to members of the public for the
proposed Pinon Ridge Uranium Milling Faci lity , Paradox CO. Energy Fue ls Resources was
awarded a li cense for the first commercial uranium milling facility in 30 yrs.
• UR Energy, Inc. 20 I 0. Developed public dose estimates to support application for Nuclear
Regulator Commission license for Lost Creek In Situ Uranium Recovery Facility, Wyoming
Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment.
• Iron Mountain. 2013 . Consulted regarding potential methods to reduce radon gas concentrations in
underground document repository near Pittsburgh, PA .
• Sequoyah Fuels Corporation. 2007 . Performed a human health risk assessment of uranium and
heavy metal-bearing materials leaching from a former uranium concentration facility.
• Rocky F lats Environmental Technology Site (RFETS). 2005. Cond ucted a review of potential
radiation doses and dose limit s to terrestrial biota resident on the site. Compared existing dose limit s in
use at the site with approaches published for other facilities.
Environmental Radiation Surveys
• U.S. Forest Service. 20 I 0. Conducted radiological characterization and verification surveys at
abandoned uranium mines on US Forest Service land in North Cave Hills area of South Dakota.
• Cotter Corp. 2009 . Developed 3-dimensional estimate of potential contamination using surface
gamma scanning and bore hole sampling to support revision of financial surety bond .
Training Courses Developed and Conducted
• Waste Control Specialists. 2011. With two others, developed a nd delivered 80-hr radiological
protection course to satisfy specific requirements of State of Texas for Waste Control Specia li sts
low-level radioactive waste disposal facil ity .
• Texas Commission for Environmental Quality . 2011. With two others, developed and delivered
160-hr specialized radiological protection course to satisfy requirements of State of Texas for
Radiation Safety Officers of uranium recovery facilities.
• Uranium recovery facilities . Annua ll y . Team-teach Radiation Safety Officer courses for
uranium workers for a variety of facilities in western US. Most recent course in Fort Collins, CO ,
March 17 -21, 2014.
Page 80 of 132
Dose Modeling and Dose Reconstruction
• Paul Hastings, LLP. 2012-2013. As a member of th e Risk Assessment Corp ., team , helped
provide te chnica l litigation support to defend a lawsuit professing that a now-d efunct uranium
production facility had resulted in cancer to a group of former residents. Case was thrown out of
federal court.
• Cotter Corp. Annually. Develop e stimates of potential public dose from uranium mill operations
for Canon City Milling Fac ility .
• Energy Employee Occupational Illness Compensation Act Dose Reconstruction Project/Oak
Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU), Cincinnati , Ohio . 2006 -2009. Research , review and
document technical bases for worker radiation exposure at former weapons manufacturing
facilities.
• Water Remediation Technology, Arvada, Colorado. 2005 . Developed spreadsheet-based dose
estimation software to calculate radiation exposure and dose to municipal employees from radium-
bearing materials in wate r treatment tanks.
Audits of Radiation Protection Programs
• Cameco Resources. 2014. Conducted ALARA and corporate compliance audit of Crow Butte
uranium production facility .
• Uranium Energy Corp. 2011 . ALARA audit of Hobson and Palangana in situ recovery
projects.
• Molycorp Minerals LLC. 2011 . Performed audit of radiation safety program for Mountain Pass
rare earth mine, Mountain Pass , California.
• Sandia National Laboratories. Member of20 I 0 -2011 advisory committee for Global Threat
Reduction Initiative at Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM.
• Los Alamos National Laboratory. 2009 . Conducted audit of Rad-NESHAPS program at Los
Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos , NM.
• Bureau of Land Management. 20 I 0. Served as advisor to third party oversight contractor for
cleanup of abandoned uranium min es in Utah.
• Exxon/Mobil. Conducted ALARA audits of2005 -2009 radiation safety programs for the
Hi ghlands, Wyoming and Felder, T e xas uranium recovery facilities.
2014 -pres.
2013 -pre s.
2012 -pres.
2013 -2014
2005 -pres.
2003 -2010
1999 -2012
2000 -2003
1998 -2001
OTHER ACTIVITIES
Federal Agency Liaison for Health Physics Society Government Relations Program .
Member, Radiation Advisory Committee of the Colorado Department of Public Health
and Environment.
Member, Board of Directors of Riverview Technology Corp.
President of Environmental/Radon Section of the Health Physi cs Society.
Editor-in-Chief, Op erational Radiation Safety a quarterly supplement to Health Physics ,
the radiation protection journal published by Lippincott Williams and Wilkins for the
Health Physics Society.
Member, Board of Directors, Marillac Clinic. Provides low-cost medical , dental and vision
care to uninsured , low-income patients. Previously served as board president in earlier
term .
Member, Board of Trustees, McPherson College, McPherson , Kansas
Member, Board of Directors, Health Physics Society
Member, Board of Directors, Joint Utilization Commission and Riverview Technology
Page 8 1 of 132
199 1 -pres.
1996 -200 I
1997 -1999
1996 -1999
1995-1999
1994-1996
199 1 -1996
1990 -1996
1989 -1995
1987-1990
1988 -199 1
1987 -199 1
1986 -198 7
Corp .; gro up s fo und ed to negot ia te a nd rece ive th e DOE/Grand Junction p roperty int o
private, n o n-for -profit ownershi p .
Assoc iate Ed it o r, /-l ea/th Physics j o urn a l.
Member, V ic tim-Witness/Law Enforcement Board, Mesa Co unty District Co urt. Provide
co urt-rai se d fund s to vict im advocacy/se rvi ces o rgani zati o n s.
Member, E nvi ro nm e nt a l Pathways Modeling Working Group of Health Phys ics S ta nd a rd s
Committee
Member, Program Committee, Health Phys ics Socie ty.
Member, Program A dvi sory Board of Fos t er Grandp are nt s, In c. Serv ed as C hair.
Member, Board of Directors, En v ironm enta l Rad iat ion Secti o n, H ea lth Physics Society.
Member, Board of Directors, Publi c Radio of Colorado, In c., o perator of Co lorado Publi c
Ra di o n etwork .
Member, Nomin at in g Committee, H ea lth Ph ys ic s Soc iety. C ha ir , 1994-1 996.
Member, Board of Directors, Mesa County U nite d Way. Pres id e nt, 1993 -1 994.
C h a ir , Public In fo rm ati o n Committee, E nvi ro nm ent a l Rad iati o n Section, H ealth Ph ys ics
Soc iety.
Member, Board of Directors, C he m rad Tennessee, In c ., m a nufacturer of ultrasoni c-base d
sys tem for tra ns mittin g environm e nta l data to compute rs in th e fi e ld.
C hairman , Board of Directors, Western Colo rad o Public Radi o, In c., o p erato r of publi c
radio stat ion KPRN . Deve lopm e nt a nd Planning c hairman .
Member, M esa Co unty (CO) Task Force to Evaluate th e Aid to Families with Dependent
C hildre n (AFDC) Program. Edit e d final re p o rt of tas k force.
Page 82 of 132
EDUCATION :
BS , Civil Engineering , University of
Colorado, 1982
REGISTRATIONS :
PE : CO (25753)
YEARS OF EXPERIENCE:
De wbe rry : 20
Prior: 13
AFFILIATIONS:
American Water Works Association
Water Environment Federation
ACEC Colorado
Tau Beta P i
Chi Epsilon
PRESENTATIONS &
PUBLICATIONS :
"Treatment Trio", Civil Engineering ,
January 2016 .
"First In Nation Technology Taps
Renewable Water Supply in Parker'',
Rumbles , January 2016 .
"Closer to Sustainable -Reuse and
Energy Efficiency of Rueter Hess
Reservoir and WTP ", presented at
the AWWA 2014 Sustainable Water
Management Conference , Denver,
CO , March 2014
"Rueter-Hess Reservoir and WTP
Promote Water Conservation and
Reuse", Rumbles , July 2013
"Treatment of Reclaimed Water For
Drinking Water Supply Using
Powdered Activated Carbon and
Ceramic Membrane Filters ",
presented at the South Carolina
Environmental Conference , Myrtle
Beach , SC , March 2013
I Dewberry·
Michael P. Lutz PE
Principal Engineer
Mike's varied career has focus ed o n water a nd wastewater facilities and includ es
planning, pilot stud ies, design , a nd construction e ngin ee ring services. Mike has a
proven track record of out of the box thinking and analysis which has enabled him
to desig n uniqu e treat ment processes to handle unusual treatme nt issues . He led
the eva luation and d esign of th e first ceramic m embrane drinking wat er system in
the U.S. He d es igned one of the first few ballasted sedimentation processes in the
U.S. Mik e has design ed unique multi-stag e odor control systems for severe odor
sources. He d esig ned one of the first syst e ms t o hea t a nd cool buildings using
wastewater as the heat source and heat sink. Mike served on committees which
revised the Colorado Desig n Crite1ia For Wast ewat er Faci liti es adopted in 2002
and 2012. Mike served as the ptimary author of the Solids Treatment section of
the Desi gn Criteria d eve loped in 2012 . Mik e's proj ect d esigns have bee n awarded
two Engineering Excellence Awards and a Grand Conc e ptor Award from the
American Con sulting Engin eers Council (ACEC) and the 2016 Grand Prize for
Environmental Sustainability from the Am e ri ca n Academy of Environm e ntal
Engineers & Sci e ntists (AAEES) for design of the Rueter-H ess Water Purification
Facility.
WATER
Rueter-Hess Water Purification Facility, Parker Water & Sanitation District,
CO . Pl a nning and design for a new 10 mgd (ex pa ndable to 40 mgd) drinking
water treatment facility to treat water reclaim ed from the new 70,000 acre-foot
Ru et e r-H ess Reservoir. Condu ct ed pilot tests ofMIEX magnetic ion exchange
process a nd Actiflo-Carb (PAC contactor) for DOC reduction. Conducted be nch
scale t es ts ofTi02 catalyzed UV oxidation of DOC. Conduct ed pilot t ests of NGK
ceramic m embrane filt e rs and immersed polym eri c membrane filt ers. Obtained
regulatory approva l of NGK ceramic m embrane filter t echnology in Colorado,
grant ed by CDPHE in Octob er 2007. Conducted pilot t ests of dissolved air
flotation pretreatment. Tested enhanced coagulation using alum, PACI , ACH, and
FeCl3 and oxidation by chl orin e dioxid e. Test ed DBP formation potential of raw
and pilot treated water. Eva lu ated pot e ntial impa cts a nd treatment requirements
for unreg ulated organic contaminants in reclaimed water. The highly innovative
treatm ent facility is the first of its kind in the nation , and is d esigned to address
high source water organic leve ls and e me rging contaminants.
Hydrau li c Capacity and Performance Evaluation, Blake Water Treatment
Plant, Centennial Water and Sanitation District, CO. Evaluated historical data
and operating tre nds to determine when trea tme nt process loading parameters
approach or exceed critical capacity limits . Evaluated impacts of algae in the raw
water su pply on WTP capacity and alt ernatives to increase capacity by removing
algae more effectively upstream of the filters . Deve loped a hydraulic profile
Michael P. Lutz, PE I Resume I 1
Page 83 of 132
Michael P. Lutz PE
Principal En gineer
"Treatment of Reclaimed Water For
Drinking Water Supply Us ing
Powdered Activated Carbon and
Ceramic Membrane Filters·.
presented at the 92nd AWWA-WEA
Annual Conference, Raleigh , NC ,
November 2012
"Treatment of Reclaimed Water Using
Recirculating PAC and Ceramic
Membrane Filters at the Rueter-Hess
Water T reatment Plant", presented at
the WateReuse Conference, Miami ,
FL , November 2011
"Treatment of Reclaimed Water Using
Ceramic Membrane Filters and
Recirculating PAC at the Rueter-Hess
WTP", presented at the AWWA
Membrane Technology Conference
and Exhibition , Memphis, TN , March
2009
"Odor Control Fundamentals",
presentation at the annual Leadville
Operator's School , Rocky Mountain
Water Environment Association ,
Leadville , CO , August 2006
"Impact of Water Treatment Plant
Residuals on Fi xed Film Wastewater
Treatment", presented at the 77th
Annual Water Environment
Federation Conference, New
Orleans , LA , October 2004
"Optimizing the Trickling Filter Solids
Contact Process for Nitrification",
presented at the RMWEA I
RMSAWWA Joint An nual
Conf erence , Grand Ju nction, CO ,
September 2004
"Nitrification in Aerated Lagoons
Coupled with Denitrification in
Subsurface Flow Wetlands ",
presented at the Montana Water
Environment Association Annual
Conference, Butte , MT, April 2001
"Nitrification and Denitrification in
Aerated Lagoons Coupled with
Artificial Wetlands", presented at the
73rd Annual Water Environment
Federation Conference, Anaheim ,
CA , October 2000
"Pulling Double Duty , A Colorado
Pl ant's Tri ckling Filters Trea t Odors
while Redu cing Wastewater Nitrogen
Content", Operations Forum , Water
Environment Federation , Alexandria ,
VA, July 1999
I Dewberry·
through the existin g faci lity to d et ermin e th e hydrauli c ca pac ity of each hydrauli c
element and id e ntify phys ica l structures which limit capacity and wh e re
modification s mi ght be nee d ed to achieve the full rated ca pac ity of the WTP .
Evaluated expa nsion of the ex isting coa gul ation-s edim e nt ation process a nd
addition al filt e rs. Evaluated re placem e nt of existing tub e settlers with new
inclined plate settl ers in the sed im ent ation bas in s . Eva lu ated a new ActifloCarb
process parall el to the ex is ting sedimentation basin s to in crease hydraulic
capacity a nd reduce PAC co nsumption in th e existing process. Eva lu at ed
re placin g ex istin g sand a nd anthracite media with new e ngin eer ed cera mic media
to improve filtration pe1form ance, e ffic ie ncy, and d a mp en th e eff ec ts of variation s
in raw wat er quality.
Marcy Gulch WWTP Effluent Reuse Treatment Alternativ es Evaluation,
Centenn ia l Water and Sanitation District, CO. Proj ect Manage r for an
eva lu ation of the pote nti al to augment the d1inkin g water supply through the
d eve lopm ent of a side-stream t rea tm ent process to reclaim 300 to 500 acre-feet
pe r yea r which is di sc harg ed into Marcy Gulch. The side-stream treatme nt
process e fflu ent would be bl end ed with other raw water so urces and the bl e nd ed
water would be trea ted at th e Blak e WTP to produce drinkin g water.
Eva lu ated s id e -strea m treatme nt alte rnatives to produce re claimed water
that would be chemica lly and biologically safe for the inte nd ed us e, while m ee ting
reg ulatory require me nts.
Evalu ated the capacity and pe rformance capabilities of each treatm ent
process in th e ex isting 40-mgd J.B . Blake Wate r Trea tm ent Pl ant (Blake WTP).
Evaluated long t erm tre nds on algae concen trations in the raw water sources and
th e obse rve d capacity redu ction of the existing sedimentation and filtration
processes caused by seasonal hi gh algae concentrat ions in the raw water .
Develop ed a new hydra uli c profile mod el of the Blake WTP to ve rify that the
observ e d seasonal capacity reductions we re not caused by hydrauli c constraints in
the existing facility.
Eva lu at ed effluent trea tment t echnologies capab le of removing a broad array
ofregulated organic chemi ca ls and unregu lated eme rging co ntam in ants. Th e
effluent treatment a lt ernatives evaluated includ ed inclined plate settlers,
dissolved air flot ation , Actiflo ballast ed sedimentation, filt e rs with engineered
ceramic media, the ActifloCarb process, GAC filt ers, biofiltration, ion exchange
systems, advanced oxidation systems, and reve rs e osmosis. Also evaluated the
combined ca pa biliti es of the wastewat er, reclaim ed water, and drinking water
trea tm ent syst e ms to achieve water quality goa ls. Developed capital and li fe cycl e
cost estimates for the trea tment alt ernatives.
Emergency Chlorine Scrubber, Blake Water Treatment Plant, Centennial
Water and Sanitation District, CO . Desig ned a n ew emergency chlorine gas
scrubbing system to con ta in and neutralize a pote ntial chlorin e gas leak from a 1-
ton storage cy lind er at the 40 mgd Blake WTP . Evaluated existing chlori ne
storage room for compli a nce with curre nt standards, codes, and CDP HE d esign
Michael P. Lutz , PE I Resu me I 2
Page 84 of 132
Michael P. Lutz PE
Pr incipa l Eng ineer
"Concurrent Nitrification and
Biological Odor Control ", proceeding s
of the Water Environment Federation
68th Annual Conference &
Expos ition , Miami , FL , October 1995
"Making Less Scents with Good
Reason ", Water Environment and
Technology , Water Environment
Federation , Alexandria , VA , June
1995
"Effect of Operating Variables on
Nitrificat ion Rates in Trickling Filters ",
proceedings of the Water
Environment Federation 67th Annual
Conference & Exposition , Chicago ,
IL , October 1994
"Control of Odor Em issions at the
Littleton /Englewood Wastewater
Treatment Plant", proceedings of the
Control of Odors and VOC Emissions
Conference , Water Environment
Federation , Ale xa ndria , VA, April
1994
"Separate Stage Nitrifying Trickling
Filte rs in Cold Climates ", presented at
the Water En vironment Association of
Ontario annual conference , Winsor ,
Canada , April, 1994
"Liquid Chemical Dis infection: A Cost-
Effective Alternative to Toxic Gases",
proceedings of the Control of Odors
and VOC Emissions Conference ,
Water Env ironment Federation ,
Whippany , NJ , May 1993
"High Rate Nitrifying Tri ckling Filte rs ,
Water Science and Technology", Vol.
29 , Number 10-11 , presented at the
Second International Specialized
Conference on Biofilm Reactors ,
Paris , France, October 1993
'New Tri ckling Filter Applications in
the U.S.A.", Water Science and
Technology , 1990
"Full Scale Performance of Nitrifying
Trickling Filters ", presented at the
63rd Annual Conference of the Water
Pollution Control Association ,
Washington , D.C., October 1990
"Evaluation of a Municipal
Laboratory's Computer Needs ",
Water Environment and Technology ,
Water Env ironment Federation ,
Alexandria , VA , February 1990
"Enhancing Reaction Rates in
Nitrifying Trickling Filters Through
Biofilm Control", Journal of the Water
I Dewberry·
guidelines. Design ed modifica ti o ns of exis ting faciliti es, exhau s t fans, du ctwork,
a nd modifications to exis ting ve ntila tion syst e m . Deve lope d e ng ineere d
d rawin gs, s p ecifi cations, and contract docum e nts , provide d bid phase assis tance,
and co n stru cti o n e n g in eering s upport.
Disinfection Process Evaluation, Blake Water Treatment Plant, Centennial
Water and Sanitation District, CO. Evaluated c hlorine contact time for the 40
mgd WTP u s ing baffling factors of 0.1 a nd 0.3 in the existing clear well.
Developed disinfection profiles a nd graphs for Giardia a nd viruses. Calculated
dis infection b enchma rks for Giardia a nd viruses based on operating data for a n
8-year period. Evaluated dis infection cr e dits through the WTP to verify
complia n ce with disinfection concentration-time (CT) r equire m e nts a t p eak fl ows.
Filter Underdrain Failure Evaluation, Lone Tree Creek Water Reuse Facility,
CO. Evaluated a s tructural failure of a Triton filt er m e dia underd rain system
con s isting of h e misphe ri cal p erfo rat ed PVC drain installed on the filt e r flo or. The
unde rdrains in Filter Basin 2A h ad deflected upward and were b e nt vertically up
t o 3 inches above the filt e r floor b etween the hold down a nchors . De form a tion of
the underd rain s compressed th e width of drain slot in concave a r eas a nd
expand ed the s lot width in convex a r eas. The varyi ng s lot width along the le ngth
of the underdrains ch a n ged the flow and a ir b ackwash distribution over the filt e r
surface area. Calculated the pote ntial unde rdrain d e fl ection using the b eam
equa tion for a uniform lo a d du e to excessive internal pressuriza tion of the
underdrain s. Det e rmine d that excessive interna l pressurization of the
underdrains during filt er backwashing cau sed uplift of ed ges of the underdra in
fl a t bottom plate which allowed filt er m e dia to mig rate unde r the unde rdrains a nd
cause p rogressive uplift of the unde rdrains.
Bealeton Regional Water Supply Plan, Fauquier County Water &Sanitation,
VA. Following a n earthquake in August 2 011, the ptimaiy well (We ll B3) which
supplied groundwa t e r for the Bealet o n Regiona l wat er system e xhibited eleva t ed
numbers o f tota l coliform a nd E . co li bacteria. The earthqua ke created n e w
fracture s in the sandstone and siltstone bedrock and n ew direct p a ths for surface
water flo w into the well, r esulting in bact e ri a l conta mina tion of the groundwate r
at this sit e. In addition, other wells in the Beale ton syst e m were a lso highly
s u sceptible to co ntamina tion from s miace sources. To address these issues, we
d evelope d a W a t er Supply Plan t o evaluate public h ea lth issu es, source water
quality and availability, future w a te r demands, contamination pote ntial, and
treatme nt a lte rna tives to r e move microorganisms, arsenic, TDS , r a dium a nd
nitrat e. Eva luate d treatme nt alternatives including microfiltration, chemical
oxida tio n , e nha nced coagulation, ion exchan ge, acti vat ed alumina adsorption,
r everse osmosis, and e lectrodi a lysis rever sal. Evaluated hydraulic cap acities of
well pumps a nd pipe lines. Developed a sit e pla n for a centralized g roundwa t e r
treatme nt syst e m a nd capital, O&M , and life cycle cost e stima t es, a nd a n
Michae l P. Lutz, PE I Resume I 3
Page 8 5 of 132
Pollution Control Federation ,
Washington , D.C., May 1989
I Dewberry·
implementation pl a n for improve me nts. We reco mm end ed co nstruction of a 1.0
MGD central water treatm e nt facility with mi crofi ltration to e liminate bacte rial
co ntamination a nd ferri c chlorid e addition for a rseni c re mov al. Reve rs e osmosis
was recommended as a pote nt ial future upg rade if needed t o re mo ve dissolved
co nt amin ants a nd radionuclid es.
Bealeton Regional Microfiltrati on Facility, Fauquie r County Wate r
&San itati on , VA . Des ign ed a new LO MGD microfiltration fa cility to e liminate
bacte1i al co nta mination of groundwater under the direct influ e nce of surface
wat er. Des ig ned fe rri c chl oride mete ring system and in-lin e rapid mixing t o
remov e a rse ni c. Th e faci lity includ es two 0 .5 MGD skid mounted microfi lt er
units. Des ign ed a new wet well and pump station to co nvey filt ered water to an
elevated storage t a nk. Design ed precast concre te building to hou se th e
mi cro filtr ation units, che mical storage and m ete rin g equipme nt , and laboratory
and offi ce space. Th e filt e r building wa s sized for two future mi crofilter units to
provid e up to 2.0 MGD total capacity and for one future reve rse osmosis unit to
remove dissolved solids and radioniclides .
Water T reatment Plant Master Plan , City of Thornton , CO . Evaluated
condition and upgrade of an ex isting 20 mgd water treatm e nt facility and
expansion to 35 mgd . Many structures were over 50 yea rs old and most of t he
chemical equipme nt , electiical syst em, and HVAC equ ipme nt were obsol et e.
Id e ntifi ed de fi cie nci es of existing equipm e nt and facilities a nd modifications
nee ded for reliable op e ration , improved efficiency, minimum op erating costs, and
compliance with building codes a nd future reg ulation s. Evaluated raw water
sources including impacts of me tals (cadmium , copper, lead , and zinc) draining
from historic mining sites, urban storm water runoff, nutrient loads from
upstrea m was t ewa t er trea tment faciliti es, bacte iia, a nd organic sediment.
Evaluated Standl ey Lake rese rvoir wat e r quality including contamination sources
in the watershed, radionuclidesfrom the former Rocky Flats nuclea r weapons s ite,
seasonal algae blooms, d issolved iron and manga nese, turbidity, TDS, DOC and
taste and odor in the drinking wat er. Eva luated new treatment alt ern atives
including MIEX , ozon e wi t h bio logically active GAC filt e rs, advanced oxidation
processes (AOP), ballasted sedime ntation , PAC , membran e filtr ation, emergency
chlorine gas scrubber, conversion to hypochlorit e, UV disinfection , and new
mi cro-hydropowe r generators. Pre pared cost es tim ates for alternatives and
d eve lop ed CIP pl an to upgrade facility to meet s trict er futur e reg ul ations.
Water Treatment Plant Improvements, City of Longmont, CO. Eva luated
pe iformance of water trea tm e nt faci lit ies at 3 water trea tm e nt plants with
capacities of 10 mgd , 15 mgd, and 25 mgd. Analyzed microscopic particulate data,
Cryptosporidium and Giard ia, manganese , a luminum , total and assimilab le
organi c carbon, and trihalome thane precursors. Eva luated regulatory tre nds
concerning backwash wate r recy cling and resea rched the effects of recycling
settl ed backwash water on finished potable water quality. Evaluat ed trea tm e nt
alt ernatives to minimize impact of recycling s ettled backwash water to the
Michael P. Lutz, PE I Resume I 4
Page 86 of 132
Michael P. Lutz PE
Principal Engineer
I Dewberry·
treatm e nt syst e m , including construct ed wetlands, d ryi ng bed s, infiltration
ga ll eries , package filtration sys t ems, and automati c bac kwas hing filt e r sc ree ns.
Sum mit Ridg e District Cost of Service Evaluation , Montezuma Water
Company, CO . Ev aluated the cost of se rvice for Montez uma Wat e r Comp any to
p rovid e drinking wat er on a whol esa le bas is to the Summit Ridge Disttict .
Deve lop ed an inve ntory of 2 .19 million lin ea r feet of ex istin g wat er di stribution
pipelin es. Estim at ed di stribution pipelin e re pl ace ment cost s of $39 -7 milli on for
the MWC syst e m . Ev alu ated Summ it Rid ge water con s umption, whi ch accounted
for 10 .3 perc ent of total wat er pro du ct ion ca pac ity. Evalu ated Summit Ridg e
av erag e and pea k hour d ema nds. Eva luat ed treatme nt , conveyan ce, and storage
fa ciliti es that we re used jointly by MWC and th e Summit Rid ge District including
t h e MWC h igh se1vice pump s, trans mi ss ion main s, the Summit Ridge Pump
St ation , and Tanks 1 and 7. Develop ed a cost of se rvi ce which accounted for th e
ca pital a nd O&M cost s of all fa cilit ies needed to serve the Summit Ridg e Distri ct.
Participat ed in arbitrati on hea ri ngs and neg ot iation s t o est ablish equit a bl e billing
rat es for th e Di strict. As a res ult of this proj ect , the Summit Rid ge Di strict was
s ub se qu e ntly di sso lve d and beca m e part of the MWC se rvi ce area .
Water Treat ment Plant Improvements, City of Northglenn , CO . Th e
Des ign/Build proj ect u pgrad ed and expanded the exi sting la boratory, op eratio ns
co ntrol a rea, and filt e r gall e ry piping . Des ign ed modifica tion s t o add fi lt er to
wast e ca pability a nd ca p ability t o is olat e fi lt e rs. Condu ct ed ultrasoni c t estin g of
existing st ee l pipin g t o id e ntify structural d efects and co rrosion. Co nduct ed fu ll
scale tests of air bubbles in fi lt er backwa sh supply d ue to va lve cavit ation .
Desi gned new pres sure regulat in g valves t o elimin ate cavitati on. Designed a
laboratory ex pans io n in cluding new st ee l casework, fum e hoods, and fixtures .
Tes t ed existing laboratory ve nt il atio n syst ems including ca ptu re effi cienci es,
airflow ve lo cities, and flow volum e t o dete rmin e upgrad e requ ireme nt s con sist ent
with the NFPA 45 laborat 01y st and ard , a nd ASH RAE and OSHA sta ndards.
Design ed modification s to exi stin g du ct wo rk t o improve a ir distrib ution, provid e
NFC recomme nd ed air exchange rates, a nd isol at e labo ratory exhaust air from the
o perat io ns area. Desi gne d plumbing syst ems, eme rg ency showe rs , eyewa sh,
bas ins, floor drain s , a nd cup s in ks. Des ig ned electrica l system modifications to
provid e pow er to new and modifi ed eq uipm e nt.
Hidden Valley Water Treatment Plant, City of Black Hawk , CO . Ass ist ed
d es ign of a new 0 .5 mgd wat e r trea t ment pl ant wit h con ve ntion al coag ulation ,
fl occ ul ation , and se d ime nt at ion , fo ll owed by press ure filt e rs with proprieta1y
medi a t o remo ve iron a nd man ga nese as we ll as t urbidity. Ch emi ca l sys t ems
includ ed alum , chlorine, hydroge n peroxide, lime, polym e rs, so da as h, a nd
so dium hydroxid e .
North Reservoir Outlet Structure, City of Englewood , CO . Designed a n outlet
strncture for the So mg No rth Reservo ir at the Al le n Filt e r Pl ant. Directed
eva lu ati on of system hydrau li cs , backwash pump station cap acity, and d esign of
Michael P. Lutz, PE I Resume I 5
Page 87 of 132
Michael P. Lutz PE
Princi pal Eng ineer
I Dewberry·
th e outlet structure modifi cations , control gates, and rese rvoir control va lve vau lt.
Th e structure was co nstructed insid e a n existing outl et hea dwall a nd provid ed a
new manu al ga te to all ow water drain ed from th e rese1vo ir to di scharge t o Big D1y
Creek or be di ve 1ted to the ex isting in-plant wastewater pumping st ation . Th e
s tructure a llows filt e r res idu als and recycle ba ckwas h water th at had b ee n stored
in the reservoir to be transfe rred to a wast ewa te r s torage rese rvoir, avoiding
di scharg e of res iduals to the creek. Constructed a new 6-foot di amet er access
shaft and op erator ex t ension over the exist in g buried reservo ir drain valve vau lt.
Obtain ed a Sec tion 404 pe rmit from the U.S. Arm y Corps of En ginee rs to
construct th e structure in a wetland. Evaluated impacts on ha bitat for the
endangered Preble's Meadow Jumping Mouse.
Raw Water Aqueduct Improvements, City of Englewood , CO. Th e Engl ew ood
raw water supply system has four e levated aqueducts with semi-circular channels
6.33 fe et in diam ete r constructed in 1945 . Th e aqueducts had co rrod ed and
deve lop ed leaks at pa ne l seams and cha nnel bottoms. Evaluated several lining
mate lial s includin g re pl ace me nt with welded steel, cured-in-place pipe,
polye thylene pip e, polypropyle ne membranes, and s pray appli ed coatings.
Se lected a spray appli ed polyurea coating based on aesthetic quality, cost , t ensil e
strength , adh es ion, and resistance to moisture, abrasion a nd corros ion . Th e new
lining system re tains th e aes th eti c quality of the historically s ignificant aqueduct
structures whil e achi eving re liable op eration as transm iss ion faciliti es for the
municipal wate r supply.
EXPERT TESTIMONY
Arsenic Standard Expert Testimony, Parker Water & Sanitation District,
CO . Provided exp e 1t testimony to th e Col orado Water Qu ality Control Division
(WQCD) at th e rul e ma king hearing for adoption of a t e mporary modification to
reduce the chronic arse ni c standard to 3 .0 ug /L for new disch a rg es. Eva luated the
pe rforman ce of seve ral arsenic removal a lt ernatives includin g
Coagu lation/Filtration , Oxidation/Filtration, Ion Exc ha ng e, Activat ed Alumina
Adsorption , Reve rse Osmosis, and Electrodialysis Reve rsal. Testified that existi ng
arsenic re moval t echnologies we re deve loped to achi eve compl iance with the
drinking water MCL of 10 pg/L and that the 3.0 ug/L chroni c a rs eni c standard
may be t echnically and fin ancially unachiernbl e for wa st ewate r sys te ms.
Endorsed a n a rsenic limit of7.6 pg /L as a reas onabl e perform ance ex pectation for
most drinking water syst ems wh ich was based on the current fish co nsumption
standard a nd suppmted by analysis of data provided in the WQCD Prehea ring
Stateme nt. Testifi ed th at arsenic removal from drinking wate r may allow
downstrea m wa s tewat e r sys tems to also achi eve comp li ance with an arse ni c limit
of 7.6 pg/L without having to apply additional drinking wate r arseni c removal
t echnologies at the wa ste rwat er treatment fac iliti es.
Phosphorus Removal Expert Testimony, Parker Water & Sanitation Dis trict,
CO. Th e Colorado Water Quality Control Division (WQCD set effluent
phosphorus limits of 0.05 mg/L for wastewater discharges to Ch erry Cr ee k.
Michael P. Lutz, PE I Resume I 6
Page 88 of 132
Michael P. Lutz PE
Principal Engineer
I Dewberry·
WQCD contended that to reduce th e e fflu e nt phos phorus concentration from 0.1
mg/L to 0 .05 mg /L, th e aluminum sulfate (alum) dose required would be direct ly
propo11ional to the amount of phosphorus remo ve d a nd would therefore have
minima l impac ts on O&M costs. Provid ed expe11 testimony that th e coagu lant
dose is not stoi chiom etri c at low phosphorus concentrations, a nd hi gher alum
dos es are required for successively lowe r phosphorus res idu a ls . An alum dosa ge
test at the Parke r facilities d e monstrated th at reducing the phos phorus
co nce ntration from 0.1 mg /L to 0.05 mg /L required a 43 pe rce nt in crease in th e
alum dos e. We t es tifi ed th at th e hi gh alum dose needed t o redu ce the phosphorus
con ce ntratio n from 0.1 mg /L to 0.05 mg /L increase d O&M costs s ignificantly due
to increased chemical use, more frequ ent filt er backwash es, a nd increased
quantity of filt e r res iduals for disposal.
Dis infection Impacts of Reduced Pathogen Lim its , Ci ty of Englewood , CO .
Provid ed ex pe11 testimony to th e Colorado Water Quality Control Commission
(1990) on th e impact of proposed reduction of pathogen standards for the South
Platte Riv e r, Seg m ent 14 .
PUB LI C AND PROFESSIONAL SERVICE
Colo rado Des ign Criteria for Wastewater Treatment Facilities , CO.
Particip ated in developme nt of updated and revise d d es ig n criteria adopted by the
Colorado Wate r Quality Control Commission wh ich becam e effectiv e May 31,
2002. Served as th e primary author of the Solid s Trea tment secti o n of th e d es ig n
criteria and technical r evi ewe r of th e revi sed crite1ia which we re d eveloped in
2012 .
Michael P. Lutz , PE I Resume I 7
Page 89 of 132
Attachment B
Integral Staff Work
Product Example
Page 90 of 132
Via Email and US Mail
January 28 , 2008
Andrew Bain
U.S. EPA , Mail Code SFD-8-2
75 Hawthorne St .
San Francisco , CA 94105
Lance Hauer
Rem edial Project Manager
Corpora te En vi ronmen tal Progra ms
GE
640 Freedom Bus i ness ce nter
Ki ng of Prus sia, PA 19406
T 610 992 7972
F 610 992 7898
lance.haue r@ ge.com
Re: Northeast Church Rock Mine, McKinley County, NM
Revised Human Health Risk Assessment Work Plan Memorandum
Dear Mr. Bain:
On December 17 , 2007, representatives of United Nuclear Co r poration (UNC)
met with EPA and the Navajo Nation to discuss EPA's ana l ysis of removal
alternatives at the Northeast Church Rock Mine (NECR) site. Given the
substantial scope and costs of the removal alternatives unde r consideration,
one of the topics discussed at the meeting was the need for further risk
assessment efforts to assess the relative benefits of the various alternatives.
Toward this end , UNC has prepared the enclosed Work Plan Memorandum to
conduct a detailed, site-specific human health risk assessment (HHRA) for each
removal alternative to allow an informed remedy decision to be made. As
referenced in the Work Plan Memorandum, the cultural practices of the Navajo
will be considered with respect to the development of exposure scenarios as
well as the effect of regional conditions specific to the site. This will be done
in consultat i on with Navajo and EPA representatives.
To minimize the overall time frame to complete this work, we have begun
preparation of the revised HHRA and plan to submit the report presenting the
results to EPA and the Navajo in March 2008. To that end, we would appreciate
receipt of any EPA comments or questions of the enclosed Work Plan as soon as
possible.
Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions on this letter or the
enclosed work plans .
Sincerely yours,
Page 91 of 132
Mr. Andy Bain
January 28, 2008
Page 2 of 2
Lance Hauer
Remedial Project Manager
cc: Harrison Karr, EPA
Mike Montgomery, EPA
Keith Takata, EPA
David Taylor, Navajo Nation Department of Justice
Roger Florio, GE
Page 92 of 132
WORK PLAN MEMORANDUM
FOR THE PREPARATION OF THE REFINED HUMAN HEAL TH RISK
ASSESSMENT TO SUPPORT THE EE/CA OF THE
NORTHEAST CHURCH ROCK MINE SITE,
CHURCH ROCK, NEW MEXICO
Prepared on behalf of:
United Nuclear Corporation
Church Rock , New Mexico 87305-3077
Prepared by :
AMEC Earth & Environmental
15 Franklin Street
Port land , Maine 04101
28 January 2008
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1
1.1 SITE LOCATION AND SETTING ................................................................................ 1
1.2 FIELD INVESTIGATION AND ANALYTICAL RES UL TS ............................................ 2
1.3 EE/CAALTERNATIVES .............................................................................................. 2
1.4 SUMMARY OF EXISTING HUMAN HEAL TH RISK ASSESSMENT .......................... 2
2 .0 REFINED HUMAN HEAL TH RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY ................................ 5
2 .1 CONCEPTUAL SITE MODEL ..................................................................................... 6
2.1.1 Receptors ........................................................................................................ 7
2 .1.2 Exposure Pathways ......................................................................................... 7
2.2 IDENTIFICATION AND REFINEMENT OF COPCS ................................................... 8
2.3 EXPOSURE POINT CONCENTRATIONS FOR THE EE/CA RHHRA ....................... 8
2.4 EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT ....................................................................................... 9
2.4 .1 Chemical Uptake Facto rs .............................................................................. 11
2.4 .2 COPC Food-Chain Uptake Models ............................................................... 11
2.5 ASSESSING POTENTIAL TRANSPORTATION RISKS ........................................... 13
2.6 TOXICITY ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................ 14
2.7 RISK CHARACTERIZATION .................................................................................... 14
2 .7.1 Probabilistic Risk Model ing ............................................................................ 16
2.8 UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS ...................................................................................... 16
3.0 DATA INTERPRETATION , REPORTING AND PROJECT SCHEDULE ........................... 17
4 .0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................... 19
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LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1 Site Locat ion and Topographic Map
Figure 1-2 Local Land Use
Figure 1-3 Site Layout
Figure 1-4a Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk
Assessment for Current/Future On-Site Ma intenance Workers . Northeast Church
Rock Mine Site , Church Rock, New Mexico
Figure 1-4b Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk
Assessment for Future On-Site Livestock Grazers, Northeast Church Rock Mine
Site , Church Rock , New Mexico
Figure 1-4c Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk
Assessment for Future On-Site Resident , Northeast Church Rock Mine Site,
Church Rock , New Mexico
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1a Summary of RSE Human Health Risk Assessment Results for Current/Future
On-Site Maintenance Workers, Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock ,
New Mexico
Table 1-1b Summary of RSE Human Health Risk Assessment Results for Future On-Site
Livestock Grazers , Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Chu rch Rock, New Mexico
Table 1-1c Summary of RSE Human Health Risk Assessment Results for Hypothetical
Future On-Site Res ident, Northeast Church Rock Mine Site , Church Rock, New
Mexico
Table 2-1a Summary of Proposed Non-Radiological Toxicity Benchmarks for the Refined
Human Health Risk Assessment , Northeast Church Rock Mine Site , Church
Rock , New Mexico
Table 2-1 b Summary of Proposed Radiological Toxicity Benchmarks for the Refined Human
Health Risk Assessment, Northeast Church Rock Mine Site , Church Rock, New
Mexico
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AAD
bgs
COPC
CSM
CSF
CTE
EE/CA
EPC
RHHRA
RSE
HHRA
HI
HQ
ILCR
LADD
NECR
NNEPA
PR Gs
RfD
RME
SF
95th3
95UCL
UNC
USE PA
VMT
WPM
LIST OF ACRONYMS
Average Daily Dose
Below Ground Surface
Chemical of Potential Concern
Conceptual Site Model
Cancer Slope Factor (used for non-radiologicals)
Central Tendency Exposure
Engineering Evaluation/Cost Analysis
Exposure Point Concentration
Refined Human Health Risk Assessment
Removal Site Evaluat ion
Human Health Risk Assessment
Hazard Index
Hazard Quotient
Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risks
Lifetime Average Daily Dose
Northeast Church Rock
Navajo Nation Environmental Protection Agency
Preliminary Remediation Goals
Reference Dose
Reasonable Maximum Exposure
Slope Factor (used for radiologicals)
95lh percentile
951h% Upper Confidence Limit of the mean
United Nuclear Corporation
US Environmental Protection Agency
Vehicle Miles Traveled
Work Plan Memorandum
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Work Plan Memorandum
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
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AMEC Earth & Environmental has prepared this Work Plan Memorandum (WPM) to perform a
Refined Human Health Risk Assessment (RHHRA) to support the Engineering Evaluation/Cost
Analysis (EE/CA) plan for the former United Nuclear Corporation (UNC) Northeast Church Rock
(NECR) Site, located near Gallup, New Mexico. The primary objectives of the RHHRA are
twofold : First , to assess the potential residual risks associated with each of the EE/CA remedial
alternatives . This information can be used to determine the relative benefits of each of the
EE/CA alternatives in terms of risk reduction-to-cost comparisons and to support the
development of appropriate risk management decision(s) within the EE/CA framework . Second,
the RHHRA can assess the residual risks associated with Ra-226 soil levels that can safely
remain on-Site in light of future grazing , maintenance (site worker) activities at the mine site ,
and currenUfuture res idential use of the nearby areas on the Navajo reservation.
This WPM presents the overall approach and major steps that are proposed for this risk
assessment. The remainder of Section 1 provides additional background information
concerning the site . Section 2 provides a summary of the RHHRA approach , including the initial
screening of chemicals of concern and exposure scenarios. Section 3 provides a summary of
the project schedule and project deliverable formats .
1.1 Site Location and Setting
The NECR Mine is an inactive uranium mine site located near Gallup , New Mexico. The Site
location , local land use , and Site layout are presented in Figures 1-1 , 1-2 and 1-3, respectively .
The bulk of the mining lease is located on Navajo Nation surface trust lands that are
administered by the Navajo Regional Office Bureau of Indian Affairs. UNC owns the remaining
portion of the Site in fee .
Following UNC 's 2003 and 2004 submissions of site characterization and reclamation plans
pursuant to the reclamation requirements administered by the New Mexico Mining and Minerals
Division , the U.S. EPA, at the request of the Navajo Nation, assumed the lead for oversight of
future site activities. UNC subsequently agreed to conduct a Removal Site Evaluation (RSE)
and MWH (2007) prepared a RSE report that summarized the results of field investigations
performed in 2006 and 2007 . Addit ional detail concerning the NECR Site background and
regulatory history is presented in the RSE Report, which also included an initial screening-level
and also a baseline Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) based on these results.
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1.2 Field Investigation and Analytical Results
The RSE Report presented a detailed summary of the field investigations and the analytical
results (see Sect ion 3 of MWH , 2007). The on-Site field program , performed in 2006 , consisted
of an init ial screen ing of areas using gamma measurements , the collection of surface and
subsurface soils for non-radiological chemicals and Ra-226, analysis of select soil samples
following the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure and Synthetic Precipitation Leaching
Procedure , and test pits to characterize so il lithology . The analytical results from the surface
and subsurface soil sampl ing , and the gamma measurements were the primary datasets used
for the HHRA.
1.3 EE/CA Alternatives
At a meeting he ld in December 2007 between USEPA and the ir consultants , Navajo Nation
EPA and their consultants , and rep resentatives of UNC, the following preliminary EE/CA
alternatives were identified based on EPA 's assessment of the RSE Report and HHRA (MWH ,
2007):
• Alternative 1 : No Action
• Alternat ive 2: Excavat ion and Disposal Off-Site Of All Wastes
• Alternative 3: On-Site Consolidation of Mine Wastes with Permanent Cover
• Alternative 4 : Lined and Capped Repository on the NECR Mine Si te
• Alternat ive 5: Above-Ground , Capped Repository on the UNC NPL Site
These five alternatives have not yet been finalized (with the exception of the "No Action "
alternative) and may be further refined or modified prior to issuance of a draft EE/CA . Given the
substantial scope and costs of the removal alternatives under consideration , a detailed , site-
specific risk assessment is warranted for each alternative . The rema inder of this WPM
discusses the overall approach , project act iv ities , ant icipated deliverables , and approximate
schedule fo r comp let ing the risk assessment.
1.4 Summary of Existing Human Health Risk Assessment
The HHRA was prepared to support the RSE for the NECR Mine Site (MWH , 2007). The NECR
Mine Site was initially divided into eleven individual survey areas for the RSE , which included
NECR-1, NECR-2 , Ponds 1 and 2 , Pond 3/3a, Sandfill 1, Sandfill 2 , Sandfill 3, Sediment Pad ,
Boneyard , Non-Economic Material Sto rage Area (NEMSA), and the Unnamed Arroyo (Figure 1-
3). Two additional areas were added during the field investigation based on prelim inary
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radiological scans (Vent Hole 3/8 and Trailer Park). Additionally, nine Home Sites located
northeast of the NECR Site were also investigated as part of the RSE and a soil removal action
was subsequently carried out at five of these home sites (comprising three residences) based
on the results from field sampling in these areas . These home sites are located between NECR
and the Quivera Mine and are situated on the Quivera mine lease. The HHRA was conducted
in accordance with methods described in Section 6 .0 of the approved Removal Site Evaluation
Work Plan (MWH, 2006). In addition, at the request of EPA and the Navajo Nation, an HHRA
was conducted for a hypothetical future on-site resident.
The RSE HHRA was based on the laboratory analysis results from surface soils [defined as
those less than 0.5 feet below ground surface (bgs)], and subsurface soils to a depth of 10 feet
bgs . The RSE HHRA for the off-Site Home Sites 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9 where EPA conducted
removal actions was based on the post-removal confirmation sampling at these Home Sites.
Food chain models were used to estimate potential risks from pathways other than direct
contact with soils (e .g ., consumption of beef from cattle grazing on vegetation in the evaluated
areas).
The screening for the Chemicals of Potential Concern (COPCs) was performed as part of the
RSE HHRA (MWH, 2007). Based on that assessment , the following COPCs were evaluated in
the HHRA :
• Arsenic
• Molybdenum
• Radium-226
• Selenium
• Uranium
• Vanadium
In addition, potential risks associated with external gamma radiation exposure were assessed .
The following three groups of receptors were evaluated in the HHRA:
• On-Site Maintenance Workers -evaluated under present-and future-use conditions .
• On-Site Livestock Grazers -evaluated under future-use condit ions .
• On-Site Hypothetical Residents (adults and young children) -evaluated under
hypothetical future-use conditions .
The exposure pathways that were evaluated for each of these three receptor groups are
summarized in Figures 1-4a, 1-4b and 1-4c, respectively . The RSE HHRA represented a
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quantitative evaluation of potentia l impacts of Site-derived contaminan t s on human health, in the
absence of reclamation or institutional controls . Therefore , it is analogous to the "No Action "
alternative in the EE/CA process . The key HHRA results from each of the evaluated areas are
summarized below and in the referenced tables :
• Potential non-cancer risks fo r the individual COPCs and combined COPCs for
Current/Future Use On-Site Maintenance Worker (Table 1-1a) and Future Use On-Site
Livestock Grazers (Table 1-1b) were all less than one . This indicates no significant non-
cancer risks for these receptors and exposure pathways .
• Potential non-cancer risks were greater than one for the Future Use On-Site
Hypothetical Res ident Table 1-1c) for nine of the 13 evaluated locations. These
included NECR-1 , NECR-2 , Ponds 1&2 , Pond 3/3a , Sediment Pad , Sandfill #3 , NEMSA ,
Boneyard , Vents 3&8 , and Tra iler Park . These were attributable to the incidental
ingest ion of soi ls conta ining uran ium . Non -cancer risks we re determ ined to be
insignificant at Sandfill #1 , Sand fill #2 , and Boneyard .
• Potential cancer risks for the on-Site maintenance worker were with in or below the
regulatory range (1 E-06 to 1 E-04) for the direct contact pathways (ingestion or dust
inhalation) for shallow and subsurface soils (Table 1-1a).
When the indirect pathways were added , the potential risks for the on-Site maintenance
worker were above the regulatory range (1E-06 to 1E-04) at five areas (Ponds 1&2,
Pond 3/3a , Sediment Pad , Sandfill #3 , and Vents 3&8) when exposures were based on
the shallow soil samples (Tab le 1-1a). For the subsurface soil samples, the potential
risks for the on-Site maintenance worker were above the regu latory range (1 E-06 to 1 E-
04) at four areas (Ponds 1 &2 , Sediment Pad , Sandfill #1 and NEMSA). The principal
risk driver for all locations was external gamma radiation .
• Potential cancer risks for the on -Site livestock grazer were within o r below the regulatory
range (1 E-06 to 1 E-04) for the d irect contact pathways (ingestion or dust inhalation) for
shallow and subsurface soils (Table 1-1b).
When the indirect pathways were added, the potential risks for the on-S ite livestock
grazer were above the regulatory range (1E-06 to 1E-04) for all 12 on-Site areas
(background location was below the regulatory range) when exposures were based on
the shallow soil samples (Table 1-1 b). For the subsurface soil samp les, the potential
risks for the on-Site livestock grazer were above the regulatory range (1 E-06 to 1 E-04)
at nine locat ions (NECR-1 , NECR-2 , Ponds 1&2, Pond 3/3a , Sediment Pad, Sandfill #1 ,
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Sandfill #3 , NEMSA , and Boneya rd). The principal risk drivers for all locat ions were Ra-
226 (meat ingest ion exposure) and external gamma radiation (external radiat ion
exposure).
• Only exposures to shallow soils were evaluated for the Hypothetical Future-Use On-Site
Residential exposure pathway . Although exposure assumptions were developed for
adults and young child ren , the calculated risks were summed in the RSE HHRA.
Potential cancer risks for the Hypothetical Future-Use on-S ite Resident were within the
regulatory range (1 E-06 to 1 E-04) for the direct contact pathways (ingestion or dust
inhalation) at 11 of the evaluated locations (Table 1-1c). The two locations where
potential cancer risks were great er than the regulatory range were Ponds 1 &2 and Pond
3/3a . The princ ipal risk driver at these two areas was Ra-226 (soil ingestion exposure).
When the ind irect pathways were added , the potential risks for the Hypothetical Future-
Use on-S ite Resident were above the regulatory range (1E-06 to 1E-04) for all 12 on-
Site areas and also the background location . The principal risk driver for all locations
was Ra-226 (meat ingestion exposure) and external gamma radiation (external radiation
exposure). For all locations , the relative contribut ion of the risk pathways to overall
estimated cancer risks were in the following order of importance:
External radiation > Me at ingestion > Produce ingestion > Egg Ingestion > Soil ingestion
The RSE HHRA also evaluated several off-property "Home Site " areas . The specific Home Site
areas where EPA conducted removal actions are not subject to further evaluation in the EE/CA.
The potential risks associated w ith the post-removal so il concentrations are presented in the
RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007) for these locations. However, the off-property "step out" area with in
the Navajo Reservation will be assessed as part of the RHHRA.
2.0 REFINED HUMAN HEAL TH RISK ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY
The refined Human Health Risk Assessment (RHHRA) wi ll be performed to support the
evaluation of the EE/CA alternatives . The RHHRA will quantitatively assess the potential risks
associated with each of the EE/CA alternatives to support the most appropriate risk
management decision for the Site . As with the RSE HHRA (MWH, 2007), the RHHRA will
include the follow ing six components :
1. Conceptual Site Model (CSM): Review available information to ensure that it is
adequate to complete the HHRA ; identify contaminant sources , potentially impacted
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media, receptors that could come into contact with those media , and complete exposure
routes for each of those receptors .
2 . Data Analysis -statistically analyze appropriate analytical data , screen the analytical
results to identify COPCs for human receptors, and calculate appropriate exposure point
concentrations (EPCs) for the COPCs. The screening for the COPCs was performed
and completed as part of the RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007).
3. Exposure Assessment -estimate the intensity, frequency, and duration of human
exposure to the COPCs identified and retained for analysis . The RHHRA will identify
potentially exposed populations , develop exposure scenarios , analyze the exposure
pathways , and select appropriate equations and parameters in order to estimate
average daily intakes of COPCs for all complete exposure pathways under current and
reasonably anticipated uses of the NECR Site . Navajo cultural practices will be
considered when estimating intake of COPCs.
4. Toxicity Assessment -identify dose-response relationships and daily intake levels for
COPCs at which no adverse effects or unacceptable cancer risks can reasonably be
anticipated to result. As part of th is step , appropriate toxicity metrics are selected for
each COPC.
5 . Risk Characterization -evaluate average daily intakes using the appropriate toxicity
metrics (i.e., Reference Doses for non-cancer effects and Cancer Slope Factors for
potential cancer effects) for each COPC .
6 . Uncertainty Analysis -qualitatively identify uncertainty inherent in each component of the
HHRA in order to provide proper perspective to risk management decision makers .
The approach for each of these six components is further discussed in the remainder of this
WPM .
2.1 Conceptual Site Model
The CSM is a formal process for outlining preliminary hypotheses about risk resulting from site
activities. It uses previously collected information to identify complete exposure pathways. Only
complete pathways provide a route of exposure, and therefore a potential risk . Complete
pathways are defined by four components . If any one of the components is missing, the
pathway is not considered complete and, therefore , no risk is associated with that pathway.
These components are :
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1. A source and mechanism of chem ical release (e .g., spills , waste disposal);
2 . A retention or transport medium (e .g., soil , wind entrainment);
3. A point of potential contact w it h the impacted medium, referred to as t he exposure point
(e .g ., exposed soi ls); and
4 . An exposure route (e.g ., dermal contact with sediments).
Identification of complete exposure pathways for each receptor will be determined as part of the
CSMs that are developed for each evaluated EE/CA alternative . These w ill be formatted to be
similar to those used in the RSE Report [F igures 4-1 and 4-2 of MWH (2007)].
2.1.1 Receptors
As discussed previously, the three receptor groups that were evaluated in the RSE HHRA were
the following:
• On -Site Maintenance Worker -evaluated under present-and future-use conditions .
• On-Site Livestock Grazers -eva luated under future-use conditions.
• Off-Site Reservation Residents (adults and young children) -evaluated under current
and future-use cond itions .
Accord ing to the RSE Report (MWH , 2007) hypothetical on-Site residential receptors were
evaluated at the request of the Navajo Nation EPA (NNEPA), and for consistency with EPA
Superfund HHRA guidance . While it is reasonably anticipated that the off-property "step out"
area located on the Navajo Nation reservation may be used for residential purposes in the
future , the reasonably anticipated future use of the on-site areas is for grazing . There are
several off-property Home Sites (Home Sites 1, 2 , 3 , 5) that are present in the "step out " area
w ith in the Navajo Reservat ion that will be assessed as part of the RHHRA .
2.1.2 Exposure Pathways
The Removal Site Evaluation Report HHRA (MWH, 2007) divided the HHRA into the following
two principal scenarios :
• Scenario 1: Direct Exposure pathways , which included so il ingestion , soil dermal
contact and dust inhalation ; and
• Scenario 2: The aforement ioned three direct exposure pathways , plus additional indirect
pathways depending upon the evaluated receptor. An indirect exposure occurs when
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the COPEC is transferred from the originally impacted medium to another medium (e.g .,
so il to plants to grazing animal) and , subsequently, to a human receptor (e .g.,
consumption of meat from g razing an imal).
As noted earlier, the complete exposure pathways for each receptor will be determined as part
of the CSMs that are developed for each evaluated EE/CA alternative . Both direct and indirect
exposure pathways will be identified for each of the EE/CA alternatives , where appropriate.
2.2 Identification and Refinement of COPCs
Data analysis is necessary to focus the risk evaluation on chemical stressors that have the
potential to cause unacceptable health hazards at a site . The screen ing for the Chemicals of
Potential Concern (COPCs) was performed as part of the RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007) and
identified seven COPCs . As discussed earlier , uranium, Ra-226 and external radiation were the
principal COPCs that yielded potentia l risks above regulatory thresholds for some of the
exposure pathways and evaluated areas . Therefore , the RHHRA will primarily focus on these
agents .
2.3 Exposure Point Concentrations for the EE/CA RHHRA
The Exposure Point Concentrations (EPCs) used in the RSE HHRA (MWH, 2007) represented
the upper 95th confidence limit (95UCL) of the mean concentration . These were calculated
using USEPA-developed ProUCL 1 software , and used either (1) the UCLs recommended by the
software , or (2) used the maximum observed value if the recommended 95UCL was greater
than the maximum positive result. Tables provided in Appendix E to the RSE (MWH, 2007)
summarize the results for each of the evaluated areas and provide key outputs (distribution
type , recommended 95UCL) from the ProUCL software.
ProUCL [version 4 ; Singh et al. (2007), USEPA (2007)] will be used to derive the EPCs for the
EE/CA RHHRA , but additional review of the data may be performed in those cases where the
software indicates that the data dist ributions are non-parametric (i.e ., do not fit a normal , log-
normal , or gamma distribution). In these cases the ProUCL software often recommends a
higher percentile Chebyshev UCL (e .g ., 99 1h% Chebyshev) that results in an overly
precautionary estimate of an upper bound of the mean concentration. If this occurs during EPC
development for the RHHRA , the data distributions will be evaluated more closely to determine
an appropriate alternative value . This evaluation will be performed in accordance with the peer-
reviewed literature and relevant EPA gu idance (USEPA , 2002a).
1 Version 3 of the ProUCL software was used for the RSE HHRA. ProUCL was recently updated to
vers ion 4 in 2007 (Singh et al., 2007 ; USEPA, 2007).
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In addition , due to the large areal coverage of the evaluated areas , spatial averaging methods
may be used to better represent the area-wide average concentrations . Thiessen polygons or
geostatistical methods (e .g., kriging) may be employed in such cases, as needed . This analysis
will be performed consistent with recommendations in USEPA (2001 b; 2002b) and relevant
ASTM guidance (e .g ., ASTM D5923 ; ASTM, 2004).
One or more of the EE/CA alternatives may include removal of soils . To calculate the EPCs in
these cases the soil samples that are included in the removed volume will be replaced with non-
detect results or a suitable surrogate value , such as site-specific background or the targeted
cleanup value for the COPC.
2.4 Exposure Assessment
The objective of the exposure assessment is to estimate the type, magnitude, frequency , and
duration of exposures for complete exposure pathways via intake equations. If the exposure
occurs over time, the total exposure can be divided by the time period of interest to obtain an
average exposure rate (e .g., mg/Kg-day). The general equation for estimating a time-weighted
average intake is :
where :
EPC =
IR =
EF =
ED =
Bf =
BW =
AT =
Intake=
EPC x IR x EF x ED x Bf
BWxAT
chemical concentration at the exposure point (e .g., milligrams per
kilogram [mg/Kg] sediment)
intake rate (e .g ., milligrams per day [mg/day])
exposure frequency (days/year)
exposure duration (years)
bioavailability factor
body weight of exposed individual (Kg)
averaging time (period over which exposure is averaged, usually
measured in days)
USEPA (1991) defines two types of exposure estimates for baseline risk assessments : a
reasonable maximum exposure (RME) and a central tendency exposure (CTE). The RME case
is defined as the highest reasonable exposure that could be expected to occur for a given
exposure pathway at a site and is intended to account for both uncertainty in the contaminant
concentration and variability in the exposure parameters . It is an upper-bound estimate, and
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was used for the RSE HHRA (MWH, 2007). The CTE case is based on central tendency (i.e .,
average or median) exposure parameters , except for the EPC term , where the 95UCL is used
as with the RME case . Both the CTE and RME case will be evaluated for the RHHRA , since
this prov ides a bounding estimate of the potential risks to facilitate risk management decisions .
As indicated by the above intake rate equat ion , risk assessments often apply point estimates of
key parameters in calculating exposure, an approach that was originally outlined in its Risk
Assessment Guidance for Superfund (USEPA, 1989). This practice requires that variability
within the population under study be reduced to a single value for each exposure parameter.
Since the time of USEPA 's original risk assessment guidance , however, USEPA has further
revised and clarified its policies for performing exposure and risk assessments . These rev isions
and clarifications , which are set forth in the Final Guidelines for Exposure Assessment (USEPA
1992) and in the Guidance for Risk Characterization (USEPA 1995a), are said to provide a
basis for consistency and comparab ility in risk assessment and to increase confidence in
professional scientific judgment. Under these guidelines , probab ilistic methods (such as Monte
Carlo analysis) are endorsed as an appropriate means of determining individual exposures and
population risks when sufficient informat ion is available concerning variability in lifestyles and
other factors .
Both determ inistic and probabilistic approaches will be used for the RHHRA and this will be
done us ing a phased approach . The first phase will provide a deterministic assessment of the
residual risks associated with each EE/CA alternative . If that deterministic calculation ind icates
potential for an unacceptable level of risk and does not adequately discrim inate between EE/CA
alternatives as to their effect iveness at reducing risks , then a more refined , probabil istic
evaluation of the potential risks assoc iated with the alternatives may be conducted to identify
the range of potential risks associated with them and to better inform the selection of risk
management options .
Exposure assumptions for the follow ing receptors will be developed as appropr iate in the
RHHRA for the particular EE/CA alternative that is being evaluated:
• Current/Future-Use On-Site Maintenance Worker: This receptor was also evaluated in
the RSE HHRA . This receptor is representative of current typical site maintenance
activ ities and does not represent the potential risks to reclamation workers . The latter is
generally addressed by health and safety plans prepared for the reclamation activit ies.
• Future-Use On-Site Grazer: Th is receptor was also evaluated in the RSE HHRA and
represents a reasonable future-use for the Site follow ing reclamation activities .
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• Current/Future-Use Reservation Resident: At EPA 's direction on-site residential use
was evaluated in the RSE HHRA as a potential future-use act ivity. For the RHHRA this
receptor w ill incl ude assessing the so-called 'step-out' area on the Navajo Nation
reservat ion as potential Home Site areas .
As wit h the RSE HHRA , standard data sources will be ident ified for this information (e .g .,
USEPA , 1991 , 1997a ; NMED , 2006) as well as other relevant literature sources and site-
specific and regionally relevant information , includ ing relevant info rmation on Navaj o cultural
practices . These will be evaluated and appropriate exposure assumptions deve loped consistent
with end -uses for the different EE/CA alternatives that are eva luated.
2.4.1 Chemical Uptake Factors
The RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007) assumed 100% uptake efficiency for the evaluated exposure
routes . For the EE/CA RHHRA , chem ical-specific uptake factors will be applied . The non-
rad iological values w ill be obtained from an on-line database maintained by ORNL (2008),
wh ich in turn refers to standard sources such as USEPA Risk Assessment Guidance for
Superfund Part E -Dermal Guidance (USEPA , 2004c). For the radiologicals , USEPA (2001)
indicates that th is correction is not required since it is already accounted for in the toxicity
benchmarks .
2.4.2 COPC Food-Chain Uptake Models
The body burden of the Ra-226 in graz i ng animals used as food was estimated in the RSE
HHRA (MWH, 2007). The remaining COPCs were not evaluated in the grazing animals . MWH
(2007) used the follow i ng transfer factors from the environmental media for Ra-226 :
• So il-to-plant uptake of 0.1 for Ra-226 ; and
• Plant-to-meat uptake factor of 0.0068 .
These were obtained from a study by Watson et al (1984)2
, as reported in ATSDR (1990). The
soil EPCs were used to first estimate the potential COPC concentration in the plant and then in
the meat of the grazing animal. This was a conservative approach since it used both
conservat ive est imates of the soil concentrations (i.e ., the UCLs) and also assumed 100% use
of each of the eva luated areas . The approach that will be used in the RHHRA to assess
potential risks for each of the EE/CA alternatives from the ingestion of meat from grazing
animals , and eggs from family chicken flocks will include the following key elements :
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• Estimating the COPC transfer from soil to the dietary items of grazing animals (e .g.,
plants);
• Using meat-, or egg-biotransfer coefficients (Ba mea t. or Bae99 , respect ively) that reflect
the uptake potential of the COPC from the dietary item to the tissues (meat , milk or egg)
of the grazing animal ; and
• A factor that weights the use of the evaluated area and the grazing area of the animal.
Bam eat . or Bae99 have units of day/Kg, and represent the ratio of the concentration in the beef,
m ilk or egg (mg/Kg) and the daily intake of the chemical (mg/day) by the grazing animal. Th is
approach was developed chiefly to assess the t issue levels in cattle (e .g ., Baes et al., 1984 ;
Travis and Arms , 1988), and has the advantage that it can be used within a dose calculation
framework .
The following equation , modified from the typ ical equation used for dose calculations in
ecological risk assessments , will be used to estimate the grazing animal meat concentrations of
the COPCs (Cm ea t):
Cmeat (mg/Kg) = [(C sw x IRsw) + (Cp1an t x IR1ood) + (Cs oi1 x IRso ;1)] x AUF x SUF x Ba beet + BW
where:
Csw = Concentration of COPC in surface water (mg/L)
Csoil = Concentration of COPC in soil (mg/Kg dry weight)
Cp lant = Concentration of COPC in plant (mg/Kg dry weight)
IRtood = Ingestion rate of food (dry weight) (Kg/day)
IRsw = Ingestion rate of surface water (Uday)
IRsoi l = Incidental ingestion rate of soil (Kg/day)
AUF = Area use factor (unitless)
SUF = Seasonal use factor (unitless), and
Bameat = Meat transfer coefficient (day/Kg)
BW = Body weight (Kg).
A similar calculation to that used to estimate meat concentrations will be used to estimate the
poultry egg concentrations of the COPCs (C mi ik). and is shown in the equation below:
C099 (mg/Kg) = [(C sw x IRsw) + (Cgra in x IRto od) + (C soi1 x IRso ;1 )] x AUF x SUF x Ba099 + BW
where:
2 This study was a summary of the results reported in an earl ier ORNL document (Watson et al., 1983).
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Cg ra in =
Bae 99 =
Estimated concentration of the COPC i n grain
Egg transfer coefficient (day/Kg)
ame
Principal sources for the input values for each of these parameters are summarized below:
• Dose calculations : These will be obtained from standard sources (e .g ., Beyer et al.,
1994; Sample et al , 1996; RTI , 2005 ; USEPA, 2005), as well as from site-specific
information .
• Plant Uptake Factors : The RSE HHRA assumed an uptake factor of 0.1 for forage
materials (e .g ., grains). For the RHHRA, the plant uptake factors will be obtained from
the on-line ORNL RAIS website (ORNL , 2008) and from Staven et al (2003).
• Biotransfer Coefficients : Values for Bameat and Bae 99 will be obtained from the on-l ine
ORNL RAIS website (ORNL , 2008) and from Staven et al (2003).
These sources w ill be reviewed and the most up -to-date and relevant information from these
sources or the published literature will be used when the RHHRA is prepa red .
2.5 Assessing Potential Transportation Risks
Potential transportation risks were not evaluated in the RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007) but off-
property transportation of soils is included as part of certain EE/CA alternatives . The
assessment of the potential transportation risks associated with the EE/CA alternatives will be
divided into two broad categories :
• The assessment of potential accidents during transportat ion of media to the off-Site
disposal area ; and
• The assessment of potential risks and risk mitigation practices for any residents
adjo ining the transportation route .
Estimating the risk of fatality associated with the transport of contaminated media by trucks is
based on risks of fatalities per vehicle miles traveled (VMT). These frequencies will be obtained
from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (e .g., NHTSA, 2003), which provides
information for each state . For example , NHTSA (2003) reports a combined fatality rate for all
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vehicles types in New Mexico of 1.99 per 100 million VMT3 , which is higher than the national
average (1 .51 per 100 million VMT). Comparable values for states where the vehicles may
traverse to the disposal location will also be included in this evaluation . The VMTs will be
weighted by the relative distance trave led within each of the states.
The hypothetical scenarios for residential exposures during truck transportation are the
following :
• Spills of contents during truck accidents; and
• Incidental releases of excavated materials during transport.
These will be examined for each of the EE/CA alternatives that include off-property transport of
soils .
2.6 Toxicity Assessment
The Section 4 .3.1.3 of the RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007) summarized the non-radiological and Ra-
226 toxicity benchmarks used for the prior risk assessment. Standard data sources (e .g ., IRIS
on -line database for non-radiological COPCs) were used for the prior HHRA, and it is
anticipated that the same values will be used for the RHHRA. These are compiled in Table 2-1a
and 2-1 b for the non-radiological COPCs and Ra-226, respectively. The reference dose (RfD)
and cancer slope factors (CSFs) used to assess the non-radiological COPCs, and the slope
factors (SFs) are used to assess Ra-226 and external gamma, will be re-examined at the time
of the preparation of the RHHRA to ensure that they are as up-to-date as possible .
2.7 Risk Characterization
Risk characterization is the step in the risk assessment process that combines the results of the
exposure assessment and the toxicity assessment for each COPC to estimate the potential for
cancer and non-cancer human health risks from chronic exposure to that constituent. The
methodology to estimate potential cumulative non-cancer and cancer risks to human health
from Site-related COPCs is summarized below.
The same methodology presented in the RSE HHRA will also be used for the EE/CA RHHRA.
For COPCs that are evaluated for non -carcinogenic effects , the estimated average daily doses
3 The latest report from NHSTA (2007), wh ich reports the 2006 statistics , is preliminary and does not
include more recent VMT data for New Mexico or the other US states . If this information is available
when the RHHRA is prepared it will be included in the risk assessments .
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(ADDs) calculated for each exposure route considered for each COPC are compared to RfDs .
The following formula is used to estimate the potential non-carcinogenic risk for each COPC :
where :
HQ =
ADD =
RfD =
HQ =ADD+ RfD
hazard quotient (unitless);
average daily dose of COPC (mg/Kg-day); and
reference dose (mg/Kg-day).
When the HQ for a given constituent and pathway does not exceed 1, the RfD has not been
exceeded, and no adverse non-cancer health effects are expected to occur as a result of
potential exposure to that constituent via that pathway . The HQs for each constituent are
summed to yield the Hazard Index (H I) for that pathway. A Total HI is then calculated for each
exposure medium by summ i ng the pathway-specific HI values . A Total HI value that does not
exceed 1 indicates that no adverse non-cancer health effects are expected to occur as a result
of that receptor's potential exposure to COPCs in the environmental medium evaluated.
For the evaluation of the potential cancer risk associated with exposure to a COPC, the toxicity
factor [Cancer Slope Factor (CSF) for non-radiologicals and the Slope Factor (SF) for
radiologicals] is multiplied by the lifetime average daily dose (LADD) calculated for that chemical
through each exposure pathway, as shown in the equation below.
where :
ILCR =
CSF =
LADD=
ILCR = CSF x LADD
incremental lifetime cancer risk (no units);
cancer slope factor [1/(mg/Kg-day)]; and
calculated potent ial lifetime average daily dose of COPC (mg/Kg-day).
For potential excess lifetime cancer risks , USEPA's acceptable risk range is between one-in-
ten-thousand and one-in-a-million (1 x 10-4 to 1 x 10-s). For exposures to multiple carcinogens ,
USEPA (1989) has required that the upper bound cancer risks for all COPCs in all exposure
pathways for a given receptor be summed to derive a total cancer risk :
Total cancer risk = L cancer risk for each COPC
USEPA recognizes that it is not technically appropriate to sum UCLs of the risk to produce a
total probability , but still requires that this approach be used . In this assessment, this method
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will be followed, but the uncertainties associated with this approach will be discussed and
alternative methods may also be employed and discussed .
2.7.1 Probabilistic Risk Modeling
The preceding discussion summarizes a deterministic risk evaluation, where the risk assessor
assigns point estimates to each of the parameters in a dose rate equation (USEPA , 1989). This
method can result in subjective estimates of risk for "typical " and "high-end" exposed individuals .
Through the use of a probabilistic Monte Carlo Analysis (MCA), the same basic exposure
equation is used, but the point estimate for each parameter is replaced by a distribution of
values . Each distribution expresses the probability that the value for a specific parameter will
occur for an individual in the exposed population . Distributions reflect either empirical or site-
specific modeled data , thus providing the basis for an objective analysis . The end results of a
Monte Carlo analysis are then used to estimate potent ial risks for the typical person (50th
percentile) and for the high-end exposed individual (e .g ., 90 1h percentile or above). Thus , the
estimated risks for the typically exposed (CTE) and for the highly exposed (RME) person are
extracted from the MCA risk distributions . This approach would be useful for risk management
decisions related to comparisons of the different EE/CA alternatives since it allows a more direct
comparison of the risk reductions afforded by the different alternatives .
As part of the MCA port ion of the RHHRA , distributions can be developed for each of the inputs
in the exposure assessment calculations , including the estimated concentrations used for the
indirect exposure pathways , to the extent possible. Some of these are already available in EPA
gu idance such as the Exposure Factors Handbook (USEPA , 1997) or can be developed using
site-specific data (e .g., bootstrap distribution of potential mean soil concentrations from each
evaluated area).
At this time, a probabilistic approach will not be used for refining the toxicity benchmarks . Due
to the compressed schedule for conducting the RHHRA and the limited relevant information that
is available in the published or public domain literature , the probabilistic assessment will be
limited to the exposure assessment component of the RHHRA . The MCA analysis will follow
the methodologies outlined in USEPA (2001 b) and other relevant literature (e .g., Burmaster and
Anderson , 1994). These will be presented with the deterministic analyses of each of the EE/CA
alternatives .
2.8 Uncertainty Analysis
An uncertainty analysis was not performed as part of the RSE HHRA (MWH , 2007). However,
since there is uncertainty inherent in all aspects of the risk assessment process , it would be
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prudent to assess the potential to over-or under-estimate the potential human health risks for
the different EE/CA alternatives . These uncertainty analyses will be developed as the RHHRA
is prepared .
3.0 DATA INTERPRETATION, REPORTING AND PROJECT SCHEDULE
The RHHRA will be developed in accordance with current EPA guidance, including, at a
minimum, the following :
• USEPA. 1989 . Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund. Volume I. Human Health
Evaluation Manual (Part A);
• USEPA. 1991 . Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Standard
Default Exposure Factors ;
• USEPA. 1992a. Exposure Assessment Guidelines ;
• USEPA. 1994a. Estimating Radiogenic Cancer Risks ;
• USEPA. 1995a Guidance for Risk Characterization;
• USEPA. 1995b. Land Use in the CERCLA Remedy Process;
• USEPA. 1997a. Exposure Factors Handbook;
• USEPA. 1997c. Establishment of Cleanup Levels for CERCLA Sites with Radioactive
Contamination ;
• USEPA. 1999a. Federal Guidance Report No . 13: Cancer Risk Coefficients for
Environmental Exposure to Radionuclides;
• USEPA. 2000 . Risk Characterization Handbook;
• USEPA. 2002a . Calculating Upper Confidence Limits For Exposure Point
Concentrations At Hazardous Waste Sites ;
• USEPA. 2003 . Human Health Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments.
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• USEPA. 2004c . Human Health Evaluation Manual, Supplemental Guidance: Dermal
Risk Assessment Interim Guidance ;
• USEPA. 2004d . An Examination of EPA Risk Assessment Principles and Practices
• USEPA. 2005b . Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (Final), EPA/630/P-
03/0018 . Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, D.C.;
• USEPA. 2006a . Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS ; online);
• USEPA. 2006b. Guidance on Systematic Planning using the Data Quality Objectives
Process (QA/G-4) EPA/240/B-06/001 , February; and
• USEPA. 2007. ProUCL software .
The RHHRA Report will consist of the following elements :
• Hazard Identification : This element includes a summary of potential human health
hazards from chemicals of potential concern (COPCs) present at the site;
• Exposure Assessment: This element includes the development of potential exposure
pathways ;
• Dose-Response Assessment: This element will include (1) developing streaml ined
toxicity profiles for the key chemicals of concern ; (2) preparing a table of all current
cancer and non-cancer toxicity values evaluated in the HHRA ; and (3) presenting the
dose calculations for the different exposure pathways .
• Risk Characterization : This element will include (1) a summary of potential risks ; and (2)
discussion of the risk assessment uncertainties.
Proposed Project Schedule
Following submission of this RHHRA Work Plan Memorandum to USEPA and Navajo Nation
EPA , work will begin on the RHHRA . It is anticipated that the draft RHHRA will be available for
review by the agencies in March 2008 .
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4.0 REFERENCES
ame
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 2004 . ASTM 05923-96(2004): Standard
Guide for Selection of Kriging Methods in Geostatistical Site Investigations . ASTM International ,
West Conshohocken, PA.
[http://www.astm.org]
Burmaster, D.E. and P.O . Anderson . 1994. Principles of Good Practice for the Use of Monte
Carlo Techniques in Human Health and Ecological Risk Assessments . Risk Analysis . 14(4):
477-481 .
Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). 2006. On-line database maintained by USEPA.
[http ://www.epa.gov/iris/]
Interstate Technology and Regulatory Council (ITRC). 2002 . Technical and Regulatory
Document, Determining Cleanup Goals at Radioactively Contaminated Sites : Case Studies.
April. 85p + app .
[http ://www.itrcweb.org/Documents/RAD-2.pdf]
MWH . 2006 . Northeast Church Rock Removal Site Evaluation Work Plan . Report prepared for
Un ited Nuclear Corporation . June.
MWH . 2007 . Removal Site Evaluation Report, Northeast Church Rock Mine Site. Final.
Report prepared for United Nuclear Corporation . October.
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). 2003. Traffic Safety Facts 2001:
State Traffic Data . US Department of Transportation. DOT HS 809 482 .
[http ://www-nrd .nhtsa .dot.gov/pdf/nrd-30/NCSA/TSF2001/2001statedata .pdf]
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). 2007 . Traffic Safety Facts 2006. US
Department of Transportation. Early Edition . December.
[http ://www .nhtsa.dot.gov/portal/nhtsa_static_file_downloader.jsp?file=/staticfiles/DOT/NHTSA/
NCSA/Content/TSF /TSF2006EE. pdf]
New Mexico Environment Department (NMED). 2006. Technical Background Document for
Development of Soil Screening Levels, Revision 4.0. Hazardous Waste Bureau and Ground
Water Quality Bureau, Voluntary Remediation Program . June.
[ftp ://ftp .nmenv.state .nm.us/hwbdocs/HWB/guidance_docs/NMED_June_2006_SSG .pdf]
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Oak Ride National Laboratory (ORNL). 2008 . Risk Assessment Information System : Chemical-
Specific Parameters . On-line database maintained by ORNL on behalf of the Department of
Energy .
[URL : http://risk .lsd .ornl .gov/cgi-bin/tox!TOX_select?select=csf]
Research Triangle Institute (RTI). 2005 . Methodology for Predicting Cattle Biotransfer Factors.
Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Solid Waste . 5 August.
[URL : http ://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/hazwaste/combusVfinalmacVssra/btfreportfull05 .pdf]
Sample , B.E., D.M Opresko, and G.W Suter II. 1996 . Toxicological Benchmarks for Wildlife:
1996 Revision . Oak Ridge National Laboratory. ES/ER/TM-86/R3. June.
[http ://www.hsrd .ornl .gov/ecorisk/tm86r3 .pdf]
Singh, A ., R. Maichle , A.K. Singh , S.E. Lee , and N. Armbya. 2007 . ProUCL Version 4.0.01
User Guide . Office of Research and Development. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency,
EPA/600/R-07/038. July.
[http ://www. epa . gov/esd/tsc/images/proucl-4-0-01-u ser. pdf]
Staven, L.H ., K. Rhoads , B.A. Napier and D.L. Strenge . 2003 . A Compendium of Transfer
Factors for Agricultural and Animal Products . PNNL-13421 . June.
[http :/ /www.pnl.gov/main/publications/external/tech nical_reports/PNNL-13421 . pdf]
Travis, C .C. and AD. Arms . 1988. Bioconcentration of organics in beef, milk and vegetation .
Environmental Science and Technology . 22(3): 271-274 .
USEPA. 1989. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund Volume I, Human Health Evaluation
Manual (Part A). U.S. Environmental Protect ion Agency , Office of Emergency and Remedial
Response . EPA/540/1-89/002.
USEPA. 1991 . Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume I: Human Health Evaluation
Manual, Supplemental Guidance "Standard Default Exposure Factors". OSWER Directive
9285 .6-03, June
USEPA. 1992a. Final Guidelines for Exposure Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency , Washington , D.C. Federal Register 57(104): 22888-22938. May 29 .
USEPA. 1992b. Framework for Ecological Risk Assessment. USEPA, Risk Assessment
Forum, EPA/630/R-92/001 .
Page 20 of23
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USEPA. 1993b. Federal Guidance Report No. 12 : External Exposure to Radionuclides in Air,
Water and Soil, EPA-402-R-93-081 , September.
[http ://www.epa .gov/rad iation/docs/federal/402-r-93-081 .pdf]
USEPA. 1994a. Estimating Radiogenic Cancer Risks, EPA 402-R-93-076 , June.
[http ://www.epa .gov/radiation/docs/assessment/402-r-93-076 .pdf]
USEPA , 1995a. Guidance for Risk Characterization. U.S . Environmental Protection Agency,
Science Policy Counc il. February .
USEPA. 1995b. Land Use in the CERCLA Remedy Selection Process . OSWER Directive No .
9355 .7-04 . Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response . 25 May.
[http ://www.epa .gov/superfund/resources/landuse.pdf]
USEPA. 1997a. Exposure Factors Handbook, Volumes 1, II and Ill. U.S . Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of Researc h and Development , National Center for Environmental
Assessment , Washington , D.C. EPA/600/P-95/002Fa ,b,c. August.
[http ://cfpu b. epa . g ov/ncea/cfm/recordisplay. cfm ?deid= 12464]
USEPA. 1997b. Health Effects Assessment Summary Tables , FY 1997 Update . U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency , Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. EPA-540 -
R-97-036 . July .
USEPA. 1997c. Establishment of Cleanup Levels for CERCLA Sites with Radioactive
Contamination . Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER Directive No .
9200.4-18. August.
USEPA. 1999a. Federal Guidance Report No . 13: Cancer Risk Coefficients for Environmental
Exposure to Radionuclides , EPA 402 -R-99-001 , September.
[http ://www.epa .gov/radiation/docs/federal/402-r-99-001 .pdf]
USEPA. 2000 . Risk Characterization Handbook. Office of Science Policy . EPA 100-8-00-002 .
December.
[http ://www. epa. gov/osa/spc/pdfs/rchandbk. pdf]
USEPA. 2001a . Radionucl ide Table : Radionuclide Carcinogenicity -Slope Factors (Federal
Gu idance Report No. 13 Morbidity Risk Coefficients, in Un its of Picocuries).
[http ://www.epa .gov/radiation/heast/docs/heast2_table_ 4-d2_0401 .pdf]
Page 21 of23
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USEPA. 2001 b. Risk Assessment Guidance for Superfund, Volume 2, Part A -Process for
Conducting Probabilistic Risk Assessment, Appendix D: Advanced Modeling Approaches for
Characterizing Variab ility and Uncerta in ty. December
[http ://www.epa .gov/oswer/riskassessmenUrags3a/pdf/AppendixD .pdf]
USEPA. 2002a . Calculating Upper Confidence Limits for Exposure Point Concentrations at
Hazardous Waste Sites . U.S. Environmenta l Protection Agency , Office of So li d Waste and
Emergency Response . OSWER 9285 .6-10 . December.
USEPA. 2002b . RCRA Waste Sampling Draft Technical Guidance. Planning, Implementation,
and Assessment. U.S . Environmental Protection Agency , Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response . EPA530-D-02-002 .
[http ://www. epa . gov/SW-846/pdfs/rwsdtg. pdf]
USEPA. 2003 . Human Health Toxicity Values in Superfund Risk Assessments. U.S.
Envi ronmental Protection Agency , Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response. OSWER
Directive 9282 .7-53 . 5 December.
[http :/ /www.epa .gov/oswer/riskassessmenUpdf/hhmemo. pdf]
USEPA. 2004a . Region 9 PRGs Tab le , 2004 Update. October 1.
[http ://www.epa.gov/region09/waste/sfund/prg/]
USEPA. 2004b . Region 9 Preliminary Remediation Goals (PRGs) Table Users Guide/Technical
Background Document, October 1.
[http ://www.epa .gov/Region9/waste/sfund/prg/files/02userguide .pdf]
USEPA. 2004c. Risk Assessment Gu idance for Superfund Volume I: Human Health Evaluation
Manual (Part E, Supplemental Gu ida nce for Dermal Risk Assessment). U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency , Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation , Washington ,
DC. EPA/540/R/99/005. July .
[http ://www.epa.gov/oswer/riskassessmenUragse/)
USEPA. 2004d . An Examination of EPA Risk Assessment Principles and Practices . Staff
paper prepared by members of the Risk Assessment Task Force . U.S . Environmental
Protection Agency, Office of the Science Advisor. TEPA/100/8-04/001 . Washington , D.C.
March.
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USEPA. 2005a . Human Health Risk Assessment Protocol for Hazardous Waste Combustion
Facilities, Appendix C: Risk Characterization Equations . Office of Solid Waste and Emergency
Response . EPA530-R-05-006 . Final. September.
[http ://www.epa .gov/combustion/risk.htm]
USEPA. 2005b. Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (Final}, EPA/630/P-03/001 B. Risk
Assessment Forum , Washington, D.C.
USEPA. 2006. Guidance on Systematic Planning using the Data Quality Objectives Process
(QA/G-4) EPA/240/B-06/001 , February .
USEPA. 2007 . ProUCL Version 4 .
(http://www.epa .gov/nerlesd1/tsc/software .htm]
USEPA. 2008 . Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). On-line database.
[http ://cfpub .epa .gov/ncea/iris/index.cfm]
Watson A.P ., E.L. Etnier, and L.M. McDowell-Boyer. 1983. Radium-226 in Drinking Water and
Terrestrial Food Chains : A Review of Parameters and an Estimate of Potential Exposure and
Dose . Oak Ridge National Laboratory . ORNL/TM-8597 . April. 41p .
[http ://fipr1 .state. fl. us/Fl PR/Fl PR 1. nsf/9bb2fe8f45c4945e85256b58005abaec/56358f8b 76eb 196
485256b2f0057eb1f/$FILE/05-dfp-006Final.pdf]
Watson A .P ., E.L. Etnier, and L.M . McDowell-Boyer. 1984. Radium-226 in drinking water and
terrestrial food chains : Transfer parameters and normal exposure and dose. Nuclear Safety. 25 :
815-829 . [As cited by ATSDR, 1990]
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Figure 1-4a. Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk
Assessment for Current/Future On-Site Maintenance Workers
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Scenario 2 (Direct and Indirect
Contact Only) Exposure)
Cancer Non-Cancer Non-Cancer
Exposure Source Cancer
Areas Media SI DI SI DI SI DI XE SI DI XE
NECR-1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • NECR-1 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • NECR-2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • NECR-2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • Ponds 1&2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Pond 3/3a Shallow soils • • • • • • • Pond 3/3a Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Sediment Pad Shallow soils • • • • • • • Sediment Pad Subsurface so ils • • • • • • • Sandfill #1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • Sandfill #1 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Sandfill #2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • Sandfill #2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Sandfill #3 Shallow soils • • • • • • • Sandfill #3 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • NEMSA Shallow soils • • • • • • • NEMSA Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Boneyard Shallow soils • • • • • • • Bonevard Subsurface soils • • • • • • • Vents 3&8 Shallow soils • • • • • • • Trailer Park Shallow soils • • • • • • • Backqround Shallow soils • • • • • • • Backqround Subsurface soils • • • • • • •
Notes :
A solid diamond indicates an evaluated pathway and an empty cell indicates the pathway was not evaluated .
Pathways codes : SI = soil ingestion , DI =dust inhalation , XE = External exposure
Only Ra-226 was evaluated for the Ml pathway .
'1J
Ill cc
CD _..
N
01
0 -_..
(,,.)
N
Figure 1-4b. Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk Assessment
for Future On-Site Livestock Grazers
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Scenario 2 (Direct and Indirect Exposure) Contact Only)
Cancer Non-Cancer Non-Cancer
Exposure Source Cancer
Areas Media SI DI SI DI SI DI Ml XE SI DI
NECR-1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • NECR-1 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • NECR-2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • NECR-2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Ponds 1&2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Pond 3/3a Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Pond 3/3a Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Sediment Pad Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Sediment Pad Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #1 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #2 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #3 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Sandfill #3 Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • NEMSA Shallow soils • • • • • • • • NEMSA Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Bonevard Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Boneyard Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Vents 3&8 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Trailer Park Shallow soils • • • • • • • • Backaround Shallow soils • • • • • • • • BackQround Subsurface soils • • • • • • • • Notes :
A solid diamond indicates an evaluated pathway and an empty cell indicates the pathway was not evaluated .
Pathways codes: SI =soil ingestion , DI = dust inhalation , Ml = meat ingestion, XE = External exposure
Only Ra-226 was evaluated for the Ml pathway.
Ml XE
"'U
Ill cc
CD .....
N
O>
0 -.....
w
N
Figure 1-4c. Summary of Evaluated Exposure Pathways from the RSE Human Health Risk Assessment for Future On-Site Resident
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Scenario 2 (Direct and Indirect Exposure) Contact Only)
Cancer Non-Cancer Non-Cancer
Exposure Source Cancer
Areas Media SI DI SI DI SI DI Ml Pl El XE SI DI Ml Pl El
NECR-1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • NECR-2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Pond 3/3a Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Sediment Pad Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Sandfill #1 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Sandfill #2 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Sandfill #3 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • NEMSA Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Boneyard Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Vents 3&8 Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Trailer Park Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Background Shallow soils • • • • • • • • • • Notes :
A solid diamond indicates an evaluated pathway and an empty cell indicates the pathway was not evaluated .
Pathway codes : SI =soil ingestion, DI= dust inhalation, Ml =meat ingestion , Pl = Produce Ingestion , El = Egg Ingestion , XE= External exposure .
Only Ra-226 was evaluated for the Ml , Pl , and El pathways .
XE
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(I)
-l.
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(,,.)
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Table 1-1a. Summary of RSE Human Health Risk Assessment Results for Current/Future On-Site Maintenance Workers
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Contact Only) Scenario 2 (Direct and Indirect Exposure)
Exposure Source SumlLCR Key COPCRlsk Sum ILCR Key COPCRlsk
Areas Media Values HI values Pathways Drivers Values HI values Pathways Driver(s)
NECR-1 Shallow soils 1E-06 0 .01 NA NA 9E-05 0 .01 XE Ra-226
NECR-1 Subsurface soils 1E-06 0 .01 NA NA 1E-04 0 .008 XE Ra-226
NECR-2 Shallow soils 1E-06 0 .008 NA NA 9E-05 0 .008 XE Ra-226
NECR-2 Subsurface soils 3E-07 0 .005 NA NA 2E-05 0 .005 XE Ra-226
Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils 4E-06 0 .02 NA NA 4E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Ponds 1&2 Subsurface soils 8E-06 0 .03 NA NA BE-04 0 .03 XE Ra-226
Pond 3/3a Shallow soils 6E-06 0 .09 NA NA 6E-04 0 .09 XE Ra-226
Pond 3/3a Subsurface soils 4E-07 0 .01 NA NA 2E-05 0 .008 XE Ra-226
Sediment Pad Shallow soils 2E-06 0 .04 NA NA 2E-04 0 .04 XE Ra-226
Sediment Pad Subsurface soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 2E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #1 Shallow soils 4E-07 0 .003 NA NA 3E-05 0 .002 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #1 Subsurface soils 3E-06 0 .006 NA NA 2E-04 0 .006 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #2 Shallow soils 6E-07 0 .002 NA NA 4E-05 0 .003 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #2 Subsurface soils 2E-07 0 .003 NA NA ?E-06 0 .003 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #3 Shallow soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 2E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Sandfill #3 Subsurface soils 1E-06 0 .03 NA NA 1E-04 0 .03 XE Ra-226
NEMSA Shallow soils 1E-06 0 .007 NA NA 9E-05 0 .02 XE Ra-226
NEMSA Subsurface soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 2E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Bonevard Shallow soils 1E-06 0 .002 NA NA 1 E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Bonevard Subsurface soils 9E-07 0 .01 NA NA 8E-05 0 .01 XE Ra-226
Vents 3&8 Shallow soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 2E-04 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Trailer Park Shallow soils 8E-07 0 .02 NA NA ?E-05 0 .02 XE Ra-226
Backqround Shallow soils 1E-07 0 .02 NA NA 3E-06 0 .001 XE Ra-226
Background Subsurface soils 1E-07 0 .02 NA NA 3E-06 0 .001 XE Ra-226
Notes:
Values shown are sum of potential cancer and non-cancer risks across the evaluated pathways . See Tables 4.9 through 4.12 of the SRE report (MWH,
2007) for detailed results .
USEPA risk range for cancer effects is 1 E-06 to 1 E-04 ; risk threshold for non-cancer effects is 1. Values shown in bold are above a cancer risk of 1 E-04
or a non-cancer risk of 1.
Key pathways codes : SI = soil ingestion, DI = dust inhalation , XE = external exposure
NA: Not applicable .
Subsurface soils were evaluated in select exposure areas .
This table does not include a summary of the Home Site risk results since they are not evaluated as part of the EE/CA.
-u
Ill co
CD ......
N
CX>
0 -......
(J.)
N
Table 1-1b. Summary of RSE Human Health Risk Assessment Results for Future On-Site Livestock Grazers
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Contact OnM Scenario 2 (Direct and Indirect Exposure)
Exposure Source SumlLCR Key COPC Risk SumlLCR Key COPC Risk
Areas Media Values HI values Pathways Drlver(s) Values HI values Pathways Drlver(s)
NECR-1 Shallow soils 2E-06 0.02 NA NA 2E-03 0 .02 Ml .XE Ra-226
NECR-1 Subsurface soils 2E-06 0.02 NA NA 2E-03 0 .02 Ml .XE Ra-226
NECR-2 Shallow soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 2E-03 0 .02 Ml ,XE Ra-226
NECR-2 Subsurface soils 7E-07 0 .01 NA NA 4E-04 0 .01 Ml XE Ra-226
Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils 9E-06 0 .04 NA NA 7E-03 0 .04 Ml.XE Ra -226
Ponds 1&2 Subsurface soils 2E-05 0 .07 NA NA 1E-02 0 .07 Ml XE Ra-226
Pond 3/3a Shallow soils 1E-05 0 .2 NA NA 1E-02 0 .2 Ml ,XE Ra-226
Pond 3/3a Subsurface soils BE-07 0.02 NA NA 4E-04 0 .02 Ml,XE Ra-226
Sediment Pad Shallow soils 5E-06 0.09 NA NA 4E-03 0 .09 Ml.XE Ra-226
Sediment Pad Subsurface soils 5E-06 0.04 NA NA 4E-03 0.04 Ml XE Ra-226
Sandfill #1 Shallow soils 1E-06 0.005 NA NA &E-04 0 .005 Ml .XE Ra-226
Sandfill #1 Subsurface soils 5E-06 0 .01 NA NA 4E-03 0 .01 Ml ,XE Ra-226
Sandfill #2 Shallow soils 1E-06 0 .006 NA NA SE-04 0 .006 Ml .XE Ra-226
Sandfill #2 Subsurface soils 4E-07 0 .006 NA NA 1E-04 0 .006 NA Ra-226
Sandfill #3 Shallow soils 4E-06 0.03 NA NA 3E-03 0 .03 Ml .XE Ra-226
Sandfill #3 Subsurface soils 3E-06 0 .06 NA NA 2E-03 0.06 Ml ,XE Ra-226
NEMSA Shallow soils 2E-06 0.02 NA NA 2E-03 0.02 Ml .XE Ra-226
NEMSA Subsurface soils 4E-06 0 .05 NA NA 3E-03 0.05 Ml XE Ra-226
Bonevard Shallow soils 2E-06 0.005 NA NA 2E-03 0.005 Ml,XE Ra-226
Bonevard Subsurface soils 2E-06 0 .02 NA NA 1E-03 0.02 Ml ,XE Ra-226
Vents 3&8 Shallow soils 5E-06 0 .04 NA NA 4E-03 0.04 Ml.XE Ra -226
Trailer Park Shallow soils 2E-06 0 .04 NA NA 1E-03 0.02 Ml,XE Ra-226
Backaround Shallow soils 3E-07 0 .002 NA NA 4E-05 0.002 NA NA
Backqround Subsurface soils 3E-07 0.002 NA NA 4E-05 0.002 NA Ra-226
Notes:
Values shown are sum of potential cancer and non-cancer risks across the evaluated pathways. See Tables 4 .13 through 4 .16 of the SRE report (MWH ,
2007) for detailed results.
USE PA risk range for cancer effects is 1 E-06 to 1 E-04; risk threshold for non-cancer effects is 1. Values shown in bold and highlighted are above a cancer
risk of 1 E-04 or a non-cancer risk of 1 .
Key pathways are those were those where the cumulative cancer or non-cancer risks were greater than 1 e-04 or 1, respectively .
Key pathways codes: SI = soil ingestion , DI = dust inhalation , Ml = meat ingestion , XE = external exposure
NA: Not applicable .
Subsurface soils were evaluated in select exposure areas.
This table does not include a summary of the Home Site risk results since they are not evaluated as part of the EE/CA.
'"'C
Q)
co
CD ......
N co
0 -......
(J..)
N
Table 1-1c . Summary of RSE Human Health Risk A ssessment Resu lts for Hypothet ica l Future On-S ite Resident
Northeast Church Rock Mi ne Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Scenario 1 (Direct Contact Only) Scen•rlo 2A (Direct •nd Indirect Exposure) Scen•rlo 28 (Direct •nd Indirect Exposure)
Nlltlon•I Mellt Ingestion Rate Nlltllve Amerlc•n MHt Ingestion Rllte
Exposure Source SumlLCR Key COPCRlsk SumlLCR COPCRlsk SumlLCR HI
ArHS Media Values HI values Plllhways Driver(•) Values HI values Key Pathways Drlver(s) V•lues values Key Pllth-ys
NEC R-1 Shallow soils 5E-05 3 SI Ura ni um 5E-03 3 Pl, Mi, XE Ra-226 5E.03 3 Pl .Ml .XE
NECR-2 Shall ow soils 5E-05 2 SI Ura ni um 5E.03 2 Pl , Ml .XE Ra-226 5E.03 2 Pl, Ml .XE
Ponds 1&2 Shallow soils 2E.04 5 SI Ra-226, Uraniu m 2E.02 5 Pl , El, Ml, XE Ra-226 2E.02 5 Pl , El , Ml , XE
Pond 313 a Shallow soils 2E.04 25 SI Ra-226 Uraniu m 3E.02 25 SI , Pl , El , Mi , XE Ra-226 3E.02 25 SI , Pl , El , Ml , XE
Sediment Pad Shallow soils 1E-04 12 SI Ura niu m 1E.02 12 Pl, Ml .XE Ra-226 1E.02 12 Pl , Ml ,XE
Sandfill #1 Shall ow soils 2E-05 1 NA NA 2E.03 1 Pl, Ml.XE Ra-226 2E.03 1 Pl, Ml,XE
Sandfill #2 Shallow soils 3E-05 1 NA NA 2E.03 0 .8 Pl , Ml ,XE Ra-226 2E.03 0 .8 Pl , Ml .XE
Sandfill #3 Shallow soils 7E-05 4 SI Uranium 9E.03 4 Pl, Ml .XE Ra-226 9E.03 4 Pl , Ml .XE
NEMSA Shallow soil s 5E-0 5 2 SI Ura niu m 5E.03 2 Pl Ml.XE Ra-226 5E.03 2 Pl , Ml,XE
Boneyard Shallow soil s 5E-0 5 1 NA NA &E.03 1 Pl Ml .XE Ra-226 6E.03 1 Pl , Ml.XE
!Vents 3&8 Shallow soil s 9 E-0 5 5 SI Ura nium 1E.02 5 Pl Ml .XE Ra-226 1E.02 5 Pl , Ml .XE
Trailer Parlt Sh allow soils 4E-05 3 SI Ura nium 4E.03 3 Pl Ml .XE Ra-226 4E.03 3 Pl Ml .XE
Bacl<grou nd Shallow soils 1E-05 0 .3 NA NA 2E.04 0 .3 NA(a) NA 2E.04 0.3 NA Cal
Notes :
Values shown are sum of potential cancer and non-cancer risks across the evaluated pathways . See Tables 4.17 through 4.19 of the SRE report (MIM-f , 2007) for detailed results .
USEP A risk range fo r cancer effects is 1 E--06 to 1 E-04 ; risk threshold for non-cancer effects is 1. Values shown in bold and highlighted are above a ca ncer risk of 1 E-04 or a non-cancer risk of 1.
Key pathw ays are those were those whe re the cumulative cancer or non-cancer risks were greater than 1 e-04 or 1, respectively .
Key pathway s codes : SI =soil inge stion , DI= du st inhalation, Ml =meat ingestion , Pl =Produce Ingestion, El= Egg ingestion , XE= external expos ure
NA: Not applica ble .
Subs urface soils we re evaluated in select expo sure areas .
Thi s table does not include a summary of the Home Site risk results since they are not evaluated as pa rt of the EE/CA.
(a) The individual pathways were all less than 1 E-04 but their sum exceeded 1 E-04 .
COPCRlsk
Driver(•)
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
Ra-226
NA
-0
ll> cc
CD
.......
(I.)
0
0 -.......
(I.)
"'
Table 2-1 a. Summary of Proposed Non-Radiological Toxicity Benchmarks for the
Refined Human Health Risk Assessment
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Cancer Slope Factor (CSFl -ma/Ka-dr1 Reference Dose (RID) -ma/Ka-d
Carcinogen Cll
Weight of u ..
! COPC Evidence Oral Dermal
Arsenic A 1.5E+OO (a) 1.5E+OO
Molybdenum D NA NA
Selenium D NA NA
Uranium na NA NA
Vanadium na NA NA
Notes :
(a) Data from IRIS on-line database (accessed 4 January 2008).
(b) Calculated using route extrapolation .
NA: Not applicable .
Cll
~
::I
~ Inhalation
(b) 1.5E+01
NA
NA
NA
NA
Table is similar to Table 4 .8 of Removal Site Evaluation Report HHRA (MWH, 2007).
Cll Cll Cll ~ u u .. :; ::I ::I
~ Oral ~ Dermal ~ Inhalation
(a) 3.0E-04 (a) 3 .0E-04 (b) NA
5.0E-03 (a) 5.0E-03 (b) NA
5.0E-03 (a) 5 .0E-03 (b) NA
2 .0E-04 (a) 2 .0E-04 (b) NA
7 .0E-03 (a) 7 .0E-03 (b) NA
Cll u ..
::I
~
""U
ll> co
<D
-lo. w
-lo.
0 --lo. w
N
Table 2-1 b. Summary of Proposed Radiological Toxicity Benchmarks for the
Refined Human Health Risk Assessment
Northeast Church Rock Mine Site, Church Rock, New Mexico
Sloru1 Factor (SF)
COPC Route
Ra-226 Direct Contact
Food lnaestion
External Exposure
Notes :
(a) Data from USEPA (2001 ).
NA: Not applicable .
Units
Risk/oCi
Risk/oCi
oCi/a
CD ~
:::I
Oral ~ Denna I
7 .3E-10 (al NA
5 .2E-10 (al NA
NA 8 .5E-06
Table is similar to Table 4 .8 of Removal Site Evaluation Report HHRA (MWH , 2007).
CD ~
:::I
~ Inhalation
1.2E-08
NA
(a) NA
Ra -226 is considered a Class A carcinogen . SFs shown include the short-lived (less than 6 months)
daughter products .
CD u ..
:::I
~
(a)
Cathy Burrage
From:
Sent:
To:
Subject:
For W &S Board packet.
Tom Brennan
Monday, October 31, 2016 1:33 PM
Cathy Burrage
Fwd : Colorado Water Trust
Sent from my Veriz.011 Wire/es~ ./G LTE DRO/D
--------Original Message --------
Subject: Colorado Water Trust
From: David Jankowski <DaveJ@white-jankowsk..i.com>
To: Eric Keck <ekeck@Englewoodco.gov>,Tom Brennan <tbrennan@Englewoodco.gov>
CC: "Megan Begley (mbegley@coloradowatertrust.org)"
<mbegley@coloradowatertrust.org>,msayler@bbawater.corn
Eric and Tom,
I want to thank you for your support of and Englewood's generous participation in the Colorado Water Trust's
Flowing Waters Partnership. We could not be more pleased to have Englewood as a member of the FWP. I
know that the decision to join was made by Englewood's water and sewer board, so I hope you will pass my
thanks on to all of the board members.
Dave Jankowski
White & Jankowski, LLP
511 16th Street, Suite 500
Denver, Colorado 80202
phone: 303-595-9441
fax: 303-825-5632
davej@white-jankowski.com
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